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Management Operation Technology-With Boeing company example (Computer-Aided Design and Boeing product development) The primary objective of this research paper is the exploration of advanced, non-deterministic aerospace system design methods and vehicle sizing technologies that are needed to significantly increase the capabilities of designers and systems analysts. In particular, this research is focused on the challenge presented by revolutionary aerospace concepts of the Boeing Corporation. New missions in both the commercial and military aerospace sectors are demanding solutions with unprecedented simultaneous improvements in performance, cost, and environmental compatibility. Many of these solutions may be unconventional in nature, both their geometric configuration and in the manner in which they are employed. Innovations in both generic system analysis methods and in actual vehicle sizing / synthesis are desperately needed to enable government and industry designers to efficiently generate and accurately evaluate unconventionaldesignsand revolutionary concepts. My research pursues innovations in the context of this structured framework, focusing on emerging areas in vehicle design and computing methodologies and leveraging current fundamental research in the area of design decision-making, probabilistic modeling, and optimization.
The specific objective of individual tasks is to identify, analyze, andes emerging methods and tools in a consistent and complete manner, and to explore means to make optimal decisions based on this knowledge. Advances in performance and increases in revenue are most often facilitated by the development and application of new technologies. Recent efforts in multidisciplinary design have yielded methods for the evaluation and selection of technologies in the presence of uncertainty. Many of these methods aim to forecast the impacts of new technologies amidst the uncertainties associated with technology performance and operating conditions. These forecasting abilities aid in the selection of the technology that gives the highest probability of success. Many methods offer efficient probabilistic assessments that allow the designer to extract the optimal solution.
However, a single optimal solution may not be sufficient for systems that are heavily influenced by operating conditions. All aerospace and industrial power systems are influenced by at least a few parameters such as air density, pressure, temperature, humidity, etc (Falton, 1998). For instance, power plant output fluctuates significantly with changes in ambient conditions. In order to evaluate proposed technologies for such a system, a new approach is needed in order to define a framework where operational uncertainties may be quantified and modeled. I will focus somewhat on the methodology and the competitive edges of the Boeing company that helped the company achieve its superior status it is enjoying at present. A robust design methodology has been developed, whereby operating conditions and their impacts can be modeled easily and accurately.
An industrial gas turbine power plant is used as an example, and the proposed methodology is integrated with existing methods developed by Matrix and Kirby in order to predict the overall impact of a technology over a yearlong period of operation in a specified region. This paper demonstrates how to use this model to refine the design of the technology. Hence, the technology development is treated as a sub optimization problem in which the optimum design settings of the technologies are found. This ambient model is then used to forecast the impact of each technology (Falton, 1998).
Finally, these results are then used to select the most promising technology for implementation into the final design. A solid business case is highly dependent upon a strategic and intelligent technology research and development plan, or portfolio, in the early phases of product design. The embodiment of a strategic technology development plan is the identification and subsequent funding of high payoff technology areas that can maximize a companys return on investment, which entails both performance and economic objectives. This paper describes an approach whereby the high payoff technology areas may be identified to quantitatively justify resource allocation decisions and investment opportunities to meet future organizational goals. The approach includes the simulation of the impact of generic technology areas and the degree of difficulty of technological advances within said areas. The approach results in a dynamic forecasting environment whereby rapid trade-offs can be performed in the conceptual phases of design (Schweine, 2002).
This environment allows for intelligently building a successful technology portfolio to facilitate a quantitative justification of a solid business case. A proof on concept application was performed on a next-generation supersonic transport. This research provides a probabilistic design environment for the propagation of design uncertainty to the system level to assist in making more educated decisions in the early stages of design. This design uncertainty is associated with the key elements that are addressed in system design and which are captured in the appropriate design environment, namely mission requirements, vehicle attributes and technologies. The proposed environments are constructed using a meta modeling technique called Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and provide a model relating system-level responses to the mission requirements, vehicle attributes and technologies. The Mission Space Model is concerned with mission requirements exclusively and provides the ability to model an infinite set of missions.
The Unified Tradeoff Environment (UTE) integrates the mission requirements, vehicle attributes and technologies in a single environment while allowing both deterministic and probabilistic analyses. The design environments and design methods proposed in this research are demonstrated for a rotorcraft of current interest, namely the Future Transport Rotorcraft, and probabilistic applications are presented. educated decisions in the early phases of complex system design. Best Practice at Boeing: Integrated Product Development. Aimed at designing products more efficiently, improving customer service, distribution, and production process Integrated Product Development (IPD) consists of multi-functional teams that provide the communications interaction foundation for concurrent engineering efforts at Boeing Company. The teams are augmented with integrated design and manufacturing support systems that create the environment for near real-time concurrent engineering.
This is an innovative approach undertaken in my opinion by the Boeing management to facilitate the product development stage and make it less costly in terms of the R&D expenditures. In the long run it should give the Boeing company a great lever and a competitive edge over its major rivals in the aero-space industry. Market competition, driving the need to improve quality, reduce cost, and shorten cycle times, prompted Boeing to aggressively pursue concurrent engineering. While Boeing has practiced concurrent engineering over the years, top corporate management recently re-emphasized its policy to build the product right the first time, every time (Blumenschein, 2001). This re-emphasis, coupled with integrated CAD/CAM systems, provided a supportive environment for concurrent engineering. Management demonstrated the backing of its policies through organizational restructuring, and the company has moved away from functional organizations toward IPD teams that operate in a flexible matrix (Kinston, 2002).
IPD efforts focus on eliminating functional communication barriers or & quot-silos. " As a result, IPD provides the framework for Boeing's concurrent engineering efforts. This effort is a holistic, systematic approach encompassing the entire life cycle development effort from concept through disposal. Concurrent Engineering (IPD) strategic and tactical plans cover several Department of Defense (DoD) initiatives and instructions such as DoD D 5000. 1 and DoD I 5000. 2, Defense Acquisition Management Policies and Procedures, Total Quality Management (TQM) System, and Computer Aided Acquisition and Logistics (CALS) support/Contractor Integrated Technical Information Services; DoD 4245. 7 -M, Transition from Development to Production; and MIL-STD- 499 B, System Engineering (Tissandier, 2001). In addition, the plans provide a support structure for training, advising, measuring, scheduling and facilitating the IPD teams. Boeing has simplified CAE/CAD/CAM support tools by standardizing Unigraphics design and manufacturing software that runs on the HP 700 series workstation and by standardizing Macintosh desktop computers on the Space Station Freedom program. MAC-X provides a shared-x window into the Unigraphics files stored on DEC Vax's (Tissandier, 2001, Blumenschein, 2001).
The network of mini-computers, workstations, and desktops enable near real-time Concurrent Engineering (IPD) for local, as well as for geographically separated, activities. Therefore engineers, technicians, manufacturing, and logisticians share ideas throughout the design, development, and manufacturing cycles regardless of personnel location. Concurrent Engineering (IPD) represents a common sense approach to proceed with the right thinking up front and promote all possible parallel actions (Perroquet, 2000). This common sense approach to Concurrent Engineering (IPD) deployment has provided several benefits including: Increased efficiency through early up-front communications Awareness of downstream needs of all Enterprise product ownership because of team involvement Reduction in non-value added activity Establishment of contact networks between suppliers and teammates Higher first-time quality in all program phases Increased use of shared data Reduction in part counts through robust design principles Higher performance achieved on schedule with less rework Reduced life cycle cost Concurrent Engineering (IPD) based on the CAD at Boeing Company supports the TQM philosophy. It is a methodology, a philosophy, and a mindset that helps teams of product developers define all aspects of a product's life cycle from concept through disposal. From the seventies onwards, the computer has been introduced into the design phase of discrete products: Computer Aided Design (CAD).
The tool has been used primarily as an electronic drafting board, which resulted in more efficient and precise drawing and more efficient use of design data in the manufacturing stage (Perroquet, 2000). Recently, CAD technology has been revolutionized. While the older systems use a mixture of 2 -dimensional (2 -D) and 3 -dimensional (3 -D) representations, the newest CAD systems are completely 3 -dimensional. In this article the authors essentially argue that the use of 3 -D CAD tools shows great promise for more efficient product development, provided that attention is paid to an adequate fit between technology and organization.
They base their assertions on case studies of Japanese shipbuilding, automobile, and aircraft firms; these industries are the leading users of CAD tools for mechanical products. In what ways can 3 -D CAD contribute to more efficient product development? Three features of the new technology stand out, always in comparison to 2 -D CAD. 1. 3 -D CAD permits full visualization of product components and of the integrated product as a whole. Such a design is more readable than with 2 -D, and can be seen from any perspective. This stimulates more advanced hypothesis formation; creativity is fostered. Also, more details and exact shapes can be incorporated into the drawings than before.
As a result, manufacturability of components can more adequately be taken into...
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Research essay sample on Management Operation Technology With Boeing Company Part 1
