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The Industrial Revolution spanned the industrialization of society with its three more spect's: the division of low, specialization, nd mechanization. Ech of these three factors helped to crete the modern industrial society with the vision of mss production nd the seemly line. The Industrial Revolution transplanted from England to the Untied States case wht ws, by the 1850 s, known s the american system of manufacturing. The impact on the american worker ws get. s the industrialization went on, american employers nd workers hd to respond to such innovations. The new form of relationships were formed, low relations, referring to the continuing relationship between group of employees nd group of employers.
Employees in response to industriliztions formed low movements, low unions, in order to be represented by the mens of it before the employer nd ensure the rights nd freedoms. The different of interest between workers and employers who paid them occurred. Employers put high demands on employees to raise productivity and profits, yet not providing appropriate working conditions for them, thus employees were forced to claim their rights. Workers needed higher wages, on the first level, for they were receiving salaries far from what they were supposed to be earning. Workers also demanded job security, safe and comforting working conditions, and benefits. To protect themselves from unfair factory owners and to have some power in exercising their rights, workers became united to form unions.
Unions from the very beginning of Industrialization's were called different names, clubs, guilds, associations, but had the main idea in common, to protect and ensure employees rights. Everything started back in 1790 when skilled shoemakers, printers, and tailors organized first trade unions to demand the minimum wage status; they ensured fellow workers not to accept the lower wage. Unions were persecuted by the government during 1800 s, in 1806 court injunction made union illegal describing it as a conspiracy against trade. Yellow dog contracts were very spread among the employers who were afraid that their workers would be engaged in the union activities.
Yet during industrialization government decided to establish equilibrium between the workers of the unions and the employers, passing acts, satisfying both parties. Taft-Hartley Act, made illegal for the union to discriminate against non-union members, Railway Labor established collective bargaining. American unionism can be viewed through important mileposts. Knights of Labor were the first union that emerged, but it functioned secretly because of negative feelings toward unions.
They called for eight-hour working day, pay for equal work for women, abolition of child labor, public ownership of utilities, and establishment of cooperatives. The group attracted employees form all trades and occupations, but it failed to gain strength because failed to integrate the needs and interests of unskilled industrial and craft members. Many workers tried to raise their salary by striking, yet the employers used the lockout strategy and hired strikebreakers to deal with the strike. People didnt succeed very much in their striking, for the reality of industrialization was cruel work hard for pennies and if you dont want to work, youll get no money, and hunger will eventually return you to work.
Industrial revolution made its contribution to the lives of American workers. Machines were overtaking the hand labor, and thus workers were not needed any more. Employees, nevertheless, begin to form a new form of opposition to the factory owners labor unions, trying to ensure their rights and benefits. Yet, unions were not very focused on specific groups of workers, and as different employees had different needs and wants unions didnt succeed at first. In addition to this, workers had no options to find another place of work, thus their hunger led them back to the factories to work for little wages. So Industrialization gave a push to a new form of employer-employee relations labor relations.
Bibliography. Hirschhorn, John. (1984) The Industrialization in The U. S. , p. 10, Hardware University Press. Henley, Patric. The Life of an American Worker. Denver: Mac Murray, 1999.
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Research essay sample on Industrial Revolution Factory Owners
