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Ecosystem Succession and Nutrient Retention Outline: Introduction Identification of definitions Paper goals Body Various Ecosystems Role of nutrients Conclusion Future research offers Possible applications of research results This research article deals with ec system success and nutrient retention. Ecsystem's are pen systems in which biochemical functions consist f inputs frm varius sources, ut puts t varius sinks and a variable degree f internal recycling (Peter M. Vitusek and William A. Reiners). Authors suggest and struggle t page that as ecsystem's mature their ability t conserve nutrients increases.
The plants, animals, and microorganisms that make up a biological community in an area are interconnected by an intricate web f relationships, a web that als includes the physical environment in which the romanisms exist. Yu will recall that the interdependent biological and physical components make up what biologists call an ec system. The ec system concept emphasizes the functional relationships and romanisms and between romanisms and their physical environment. These functional relationships are exemplified by the fd chains through which energy flw's in an ec system, as well as by the pathways and which the chemical elements essential t life me through that ec system. These pathways are generally circular -- the elements pass through the system in cycles. The cycling f sme elements is s see, however, that in the time-span f interest t society, movement appears t be ne-way.
An understanding f the flw f energy and the cycling f materials in ecsystem's is essential fr perceiving what may be the mst subtle and dangerous threat t human existence. Nutrients mobilized and used by ecsystmes in large quantities include calcium, magnesium, and potassium. All f these are present in seawater in large amounts and in rainwater and surface water in much smaller amounts, and are added t the sil by re weathering as described are in the discussion f the sedimentary cycle. In sme circumstances, dust raised by the wind and deposited as dry fall elsewhere frm's an important additional link in the cycling f these nutrients, and in ther circumstances the mobilization rate frm rck's is increased by the re-splitting actin f deep tree rts in the weathering press.
The cycling f the micronutrients nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K), in varius kinds f biological communities -hard forests, jungles, deserts -- has been extensively studied since the 1960 s, and a large by f data is accumulating. The enormous variety in the nutrient budgets f different communities in different places is indicated graphically, which summarizes sme f these studies. The differences and communities f the same type (fr example, the temperate hard forests) result frm differences in sil, quantity f rainfall, local rainwater chemistry, dry fall characteristics, and detailed species cmpsitin. Nutrients exert an important influence n sil mes fauna and micr-romanisms.
In terms f mes fauna, the principal source f nutrients is rani matter curing as either living r dead plant r animal material. In the case f herbivores fauna, the nutrient status f the plant-derived rani matter will determine population levels, with higher levels usually present in sil's with high nitrogen content rani matter, such as the associated with many grassland and brad leaf tree types. Carnivrus mes fauna will car in greatest quantities in sil's which have large populations f animals n which they prey, and these are therefore usually the same types f sil. Fr sil micr-romanisms, can and nitrogen are the nutrients which are mst comply deficient, and varius adaptations have been developed in re t verse this problem; these include the fixation f atmospheric nitrogen, the ability t survive lng period with nutrition, and the release f antibiotics which inhibit the growth f competitors. Understanding the ecsystem's is important in re t provide definite answers fr business people, planners, administrators and legislators is dependent upn the information provided by r available frm natural resources managers (f resources such as sil, forests, wildlife, fish, etc. ) being integrated currently. The complexity f ecological and biological prblem's in protected areas has meant new areas f specialization demanding a wider spectrum f knowledge than formerly.
f curse, enlists and protected area managers are nt expected t be specialists in all areas and need t be assisted by ther people wh press different knowledge essential fr an integrated approach t the tasks at hand. It is clear that sme aspects f current planning, economics, landscape architecture and architectural and engineering practice interact with the f the protected area manager. Although protected area managers may have scientific tls and there based n ecological field bservatins and experimentation, t bring these analyses int a problem-saving framework fr improving areas under management, they still have t rely n advice and input frm ther people. Managers must generally rely heavily n specialists such as archaeologists, anthrplgists, ceangraphers, limnlgists, entmlgists and sil scientists.
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Research essay sample on Physical Environment Ability T
