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"Learned helplessness is a phenomenon containing three components: contingency, cognition, and behavior. Contingency addresses the uncontrollability of the situation. Cognition refers to the attributions that people make regarding their situation or surroundings of which they are a part. Behavior allows individuals to decide whether they will give up or proceed with the obstacle set before them" (Peterson, Maier, & Seligman, 1993; Firm, Hwang, Copella, & Clark, 2004). When a student thinks about college he must take either the ACT or the SAT test to be admitted into the college. Students have a lot of decisions to make that can be stressful.
Failure is an aspect that students fear and can determine whether they will succeed in life. The ACT was founded in 1959. A lot has changed with this test its purpose is to help students make better choices with life and what college they plan to attend. It also serves as a way for colleges to determine if a student is qualified to be admitted to the school. This test is a multiple-choice test that covers four areas: Math, Reading, English, and Science. These tests use reasoning, analysis, problem solving, and what your previous knowledge of the subject is.
It measures the kinds of tasks that college students are expected to learn (web 2004). The math part of the section contains 60 multiple-choice questions within a 60 minute section. The English part has 75 multiple-choice questions within a 45 minute section. So time is a factor.
The reading part has 40 multiple-choice questions within a 35 minute sections and science has 40 multiple-choice questions within a 35 minute section. "Taking the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) and the American College Test (ACT) is perhaps the single most important event in a college-bound student's junior-senior year" (McManus, & Luger, 1991). Each college's requirements are different in allowing students to be admitted. You might have a high grade point average but score fairly low on your ACT but still be admitted. In vice-versa you might have a high ACT score but a low grade point average and still be admitted, also. The SAT are standardized tests, formally called the Scholastic Aptitude Tests and are used by most colleges and universities in the United States for college admittance. The function of the SAT is to determine like the ACT if the student is qualified for admittance into the college.
If you are a student say in California and want to go to a school in Illinois you can take the SAT test and be admitted in the college, however if you are a resident of Illinois you do not have to take the SAT to go to your college or university in your state. If you are a non-U. S. student you must take the SAT to be admitted into a U. S college or university. The current SAT has two sections: Math and Verbal.
The math section contains 60 questions in which you are given 75 minutes. The verbal section has 78 questions and you are given 75 minutes to complete. The difference between the ACT and SAT is that you are allowed to guess on the ACT and on the SAT if you are unsure you want to leave it blank because getting it wrong will give you a lower score. If you are graduating high school in 2006 and beyond there will be a new SAT test. The test will contain three sections: Math, Critical Reading, and Writing. The math section will have 44 multiple-choice questions and 10 in-grid questions.
You will be allowed 70 minutes to complete this section. The critical reading section will have 67 multiple-choice questions and you will be given 70 minutes to complete. The writing section has 49 multiple-choice questions and you are given 60 minutes. You are graded on Grammar, usage, and word choice. "The need, as we view it, is to develop a number of different alternative evaluation instruments and strategies that provide hard data but are not in the form of the standard paper-and pencil multiple-choice tests now being used in most testing programs. What we advocate are assessment instruments that support proven methods in the visual arts and also take advantage of all the newer imaging technology" (Media, Dom, & Symbol, 2004).
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Research essay sample on Grade Point Average College Or University
