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Test Tube Degrees Celsius
1,267 wordsEnzyme Action: Testing Catalase Activity Enzymes are proteins that serve as catalysts and accelerate chemical reactions in living organisms. Enzymes accomplish this by lowering the energy of activation of the organism it is acting upon, however enzymes will only lower the energy of activation for specific organisms, reducing chaotic chemical reactions. The reaction is carried out in its entirety in the active site of the enzyme. The substrate (organism acted upon), binds itself into the active s...
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Cancer Has Spread Digestive Enzymes
1,149 wordsThe pancreas is a long narrow gland, which is part of both the digestive system and the endocrine system. This small organ is approximately six inches long and one inch thick. It is located in the upper abdomen and is attached to the duodenum, which is the upper part of the small intestine. It extends upward behind the stomach to the spleen. The pancreas is made up of two different types of tissue, the islets of Langerhans and acing cells. The pancreas has five sections: the wider end is called ...
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2 O 2 H 2 O
333 wordsIntroduction: Within each of our body cells are thousands of enzymes. These enzymes are proteins, or chains of amino acids that are responsible for chemical reactions. Enzymes are also called organic catalysts. A catalyst is a substance that speeds a chemical reaction without getting changed much itself. The catalyst well be using in this experiment is Hydrogen Peroxide or H 2 O 2. Objective: To demonstrate the activity of enzymes under different conditions. 3) Chicken liver (fresh, boiled, froz...
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Amino Acids Living Organisms
979 wordsProteins are the macromolecules of life. Discovered in 1838, proteins are recognized as a large number of superior organic compounds that make up living organisms and are essential to their functioning. The term protein comes from the Greek word proteins or primary. Proteins have many different properties and function in a variety of ways. They can function as a building material, in teeth, bones and muscles, and they can serve as enzymes, hormones, and neurotransmitters. Its functions are the m...
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Digestive Enzymes Bowel Movements
1,282 wordsThe digestive system is a group of organs that perform the process by which food, containing nutrients, is eaten and broken down into different components. This breakdown makes it possible for the digested material to pass through the intestinal wall into the blood stream. The digestive process contains many different steps that take place in many different organs. The first step of digestion begins at the mouth, where the food enters the mouth. Saliva is secreted from the salivary glands. The s...
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Td Tr Tr Td White Blood Cells
3,530 wordsINTRODUCTION There is no doubt that AIDS is indeed the epidemic of the decade. Not only are there many supporting facts and data, visiting urban cities and third world countries prove this point. Furthermore, AIDS is not only highly infectious, it is also the first major incurable epidemic throughout this biomedical revolution that mankind is going through. This epidemic might actually be the one that will completely wipeout the third world. Scientists, government agencies and pharmaceutical com...
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Rate Of Reaction Hydrogen Bonding
2,165 wordsRESEARCH I know that Rennin is an enzyme, so before conducting this experiment I am first going to do some research into enzymes and their effects. 1. Enzymes Enzymes are large globular molecules of which the vast majority are protein in nature, though some, known as 'ribozyme's' are made of RNA. Enzymes have catalytic properties; in other words, they alter the rate of reaction without themselves undergoing a permanent change. Most chemical reactions require an initial input of energy, called ac...
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Digestive Juices Digestive Tract
1,493 wordsDigestive System, series of organs put together that purpose is to break down, or digest, the food we eat. Food is made up of large things called, complex molecules, which the digestive system breaks down into smaller things called simple molecules that get absorbed into the bloodstream. The bloodstream is our blood. The simple molecules travel through the bloodstream to all of the parts of the body, which we use for growth, repair, and energy. All living things that eat to get energy have a dig...
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Rate Of Reaction Reaction Rate
1,069 wordsThe purpose of this experiment is to measure the rates of reaction of the enzyme Alkaline Phosphatase with the substrate p-nitro phenol phosphate under varying conditions. The concentration of both substrate and enzyme were diluted and the inhibitor vanadate was utilized to determine whether or not the reaction is substrate or enzyme dependent and to see what type of inhibition vanadate was involved. A class of proteins called enzymes catalyzes almost every chemical reaction in a cell. Enzymes i...
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Dna Gel Electrophoresis Research
1,724 wordsThe main objective of this lab was to identify unknown plasmids by observation of their genotype and phenotype. We observed the plasmids phenotype by using it to transform bacteria. When the plasmid is in a bacterial host the antibiotic resistance gene can be expressed and impart resistance to the host. We also analyzed the genotype of the unknown plasmid by performing a variety of molecular genetic techniques such as predigestion, electrophoresis in arose gel, staining with ethidium bromide, an...
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Investigation On The Enzyme Trypsin
2,197 wordsAn Investigation determining a factor affecting the rate of digestion of gelatin by the protease trypsin. Introduction An enzyme is a biological catalyst, which speeds up reactions. An example of this in the human body is trypsin (a protease produced in the pancreas and used in the stomach), which catalyses the digestion of gelatine, a protein. For this investigation, a photographic film will be the source of the gelatine. I will be able to identify when the gelatine is digested, when the photog...
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Gel Electrophoresis Carbon Dioxide
2,361 wordsPyruvate Decarboxylase There are two functions of the pyruvate decarboxylase. Pyruvate and hydroxythyl converge together while carbon dioxide molecules are eliminated. Than, hydroxy ethyl group transfers and attaches to TPP to the lipo amide from the E 2 component of the complex. The final transfer brings the molecule back to its original form. (Function) The molecular weight of the enzyme was found to be 240, 000 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Oba). There are 548 amino acids and very si...
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Red Blood Cells Vitamin B 12
1,112 wordsVitamin B 12 Vitamin B 12, scientifically known as coba lamin, has specific chemical structure and characteristics which qualify as a water-soluble vitamin. However, unlike the other water-soluble vitamins it is not disgorged quickly in the urine, but accumulates in the liver, kidney and other body tissues. Therefore, only after 5 or 6 years of B 12 insufficient diet the vitamin deficiency can be adequately distinguished. Vitamin B 12 serves as a methyl donor and cooperates with folic acid in pr...
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Genetically Engineered Restriction Enzymes
2,958 wordsGenetic Engineering Discuss the applications and techniques involved in genetic engineering. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of this approach. Genetic engineering is an umbrella term that can cover a wide range of ways of changing the genetic material the DNA code in a living organism. This code contains all the information, stored in a long chain chemical molecule, which determines the nature of the organism. Apart from identical twins, genetic make-up is unique to each individual. In...
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Rate Of Reaction Bunsen Burner
2,301 wordsFor this investigation I am going to investigate the effect of the concentration of an enzyme, in this case Amylase, on the time taken for the enzyme to fully breakdown the substrate, which in this case is starch. The reason why these two enzymes have to be used is because each enzyme is designed specifically to break down only one substrate as each enzyme is made of a protein that causes it to be a specific shape, in this case the enzyme Amylase can only break down starch to dextrin. I am going...
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Fifteen Minutes Reaction Time
686 wordsAbstract: The Enzyme Report Enzyme Activity Abstract: The purpose of this experiment is to test the effects of different sugar types with pH and temperatures. We are testing to see if there is a difference in reaction and reaction time when placed into different temperature and pH. We are looking for changes in color, solidity, reaction time, etc. My hypothesis is that at different temperatures and amounts of pH, there will we different reactions. Introduction: The overview of these experiments ...
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Rate Of Reaction Amino Acids
1,401 wordsEnzymes? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? The majority of the reactions that occur in living organisms are enzyme-controlled. Without them, the rate of the reactions would be so slow as to cause serious, if not fatal, damage. Without enzymes toxins would soon build up and the supply of respiratory substrate would decrease. ? Enzymes are proteins and thus have a specific shape. They are therefore specific in the reactions that they catalyst? one enzyme will react with molecules...
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Carbon Dioxide And Water H 2 O
640 wordsThis paper is on the processes of fermentation, cellular respiration, photosynthesis, diffusion, osmosis, and enzyme activity. What do these six processes have in common? Fermentation is a chemical process that breaks down organic materials. This process is carried out by such microbes as bacteria, molds, and yeasts. For example, molds or fungi act upon mixtures of molasses and mineral salts to produce penicillin. Yeast breaks down sugar gotten from malted grain into ethyl alcohol and carbon dio...
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Cystic Fibrosis Genetically Engineered
1,365 wordsGene therapy by gene supplementation in somatic cells may help those suffering from genetic conditions such as cystic fibrosis. Although a mutant gene occurs in all cells of the body only those tissues particularly affected (where the gene is switched on) by the mutant gene would be targeted for therapy, i. e. the lungs of a cystic fibrosis sufferer, blood cells in the bone marrow in &solid; thalassemia and the muscles in Duchemme muscular dystrophy. As cells eventually die, so do the tissues be...
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Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Kill Cancer Cells
1,741 wordsThe pancreas Pancreas The Pancreas The pancreas is located in the middle of the abdomen. It s surrounded by the stomach, small intestine, liver and spleen. It s about six inches long and shaped like a thin pear, wide at one end. It has three sections: wider right end is the head, the middle is the body and the left end is the tail. The pancreas has two functions; to make enzymes that help digest fats and proteins and the other, to produce insulin that controls the blood sugar level called glucos...
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