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Fetus Produces Antibodies Fetus Produces Antibodies Specific Toxoplasmosis
1,061 wordsI will be addressing the possible immunological barriers that may be involved with challenge to infection of Toxoplasmosa gondii, the protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis. It is widely known that toxoplasmosis is a devastating disease, with often drastic consequences upon infection. In pregnant mothers, these consequences can be very horrid. Such effects are more felt by the unborn fetus than by the mother. These effects include abortion, premature birth, and severe growth retardation (Creamy et....
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Systemic Lupus Lupus Erythematosus
1,101 words... leven criteria are closely related to the symptoms discussed above. Some patients suspected of having systemic lupus may never develop enough criteria for a definite diagnosis. Other patients accumulate enough criteria only after months or years of observation. When a person has four or more of these criteria, the diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus is suggested. The eleven criteria used for diagnosing systemic lupus erythematosus are: malar (over the cheeks of the face) "butterfly" ra...
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Autoimmune Diseases Organ Transplantation
2,135 wordsINTRODUCTION In order to provide a detailed analysis of recent pharmacological developments involving the human immune system, it is firstly necessary to introduce the innate and adaptive immune responses. Immunosuppressants and immuno modulators will be differentiated between and a selection of new and often experimental drugs belonging to each category will be provided. Specific drugs will be described including the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic's involved with each type. The possible c...
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Shown In Figure Neuromuscular Junction
1,660 wordsProteins involved in formation of the neuromuscular junction The neuromuscular junction is a specialized junction, where a motor nerve forms its synaptic terminal with a muscle fibre, one of many fibres that make up a whole muscle. The mature neuromuscular junction is composed of three types of cells - a motor nerve terminal, a muscle fibre and a Schwann cell covering the junction. All three of these cells are highly differentiated and specialized for their functions (Kandel 2000, p. 1089). The ...
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Amp Amp Neuromuscular Junction
1,706 words... e effects would lead to a decrease in the safety factor for neuromuscular transmission. The safety factor is the difference between the threshold needed to elicit an action potential, which is usually around - 45 mV and the actual end-plate potential amplitude, which is usually 70 - 80 mV, this is shown in figure 5. As a result of the reduced number of functional A ChR, the skeletal muscle becomes weakened. This weakness has four special characteristics: 1. It generally affects the cranial m...
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Systemic Lupus Blood Cell
1,087 wordsLupus Definition of the Disease Lupus is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause that can affect virtually any part of the body. The medical term for Lupus is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus or better known as SLE. With Lupus there is a malfunction in some of the cells of the immune system. 'In Lupus, the body overreacts to an unknown stimulus and makes to many antibodies, or proteins directed against body tissue. Thus, Lupus is called an autoimmune disease. "# Myth/Reality Statements Myth:...
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Running Head Immunotherapy For Alzheimer Disease
2,467 wordsRunning head: IMMUNOTHERAPY FOR ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease August 03, 2009 Immunotherapy for Alzheimer's Disease Introduction The ability of vaccine strategies to provide effective treatment for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease is still not examined appropriately. Both passive and active immunotherapy strategies have proven effective reduction of Alzheimer's Disease-like pathologies and restoration of cognitive deficits in transgenic mice. Yet, d...
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White Blood Cells Defense Mechanisms
1,177 wordsEvolution of Immunity and the Invertebrates Article Summery Name: Immunity and the Invertebrates Periodical: Scientific American Nov, 1996 Author: Gregory Beck and Gail S. Habitat Pages: 60 71 Total Pages Read: 9 The complex immune systems of humans and other mammals evolved over quite a long time in some rather surprising ways. In 1982 a Russian zoologist named Elie Metchnikoff noticed a unique property of starfish larva. When he inserted a foreign object through its membrane, tiny cells would ...
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Types Of Cancer Cancerous Cells
846 wordsOne Conquering Cancer Conquering Cancer One of the first scientists to prove that cancer is genetic was Biologist, Dr. Weinburg. In Weinburg s experiment he took cancerous cells from rats brains and mixed their DNA with that of normal cells. The result was that the cells became cancerous, proving that cancer is in genes. In recent years our knowledge about cancer and what causes it has greatly increased. We now know that vital genes mutating cause cancer. Just one mutated nucleotide out of 15, 0...
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Health Care Workers Chronic Hepatitis
1,367 wordsRisk Factors for HBV Infection Although relatively rare in the United States, hepatitis B is endemic in parts of Asia where hundreds of millions of individuals may be infected. HBV is transmitted horizontally by blood and blood products and sexual transmission. It is also transmitted vertically from mother to infant in the perinatal period which is a major mode of transmission in regions where hepatitis B is endemic. The blood supply in developed countries has been screened for HBV for many year...
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Cd 4 Cells Opportunistic Infections
1,366 wordsToday, our world is faced with many diseases. Some haven? t been discovered and some have no cures. The immune system fights off many of these diseases, but what happens when it fails us? One of the most deadly, incurable disease the world is faced with today is the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). There is no none cure yet. Viruses cause colds and the flu. Viruses are microscopic particles that invade the cells of plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria. They often destroy the cells they invade...
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Immune Response Infectious Diseases
2,154 wordsFetal Immune Response To Infection With Toxoplasmosa gondi Tom Repici Immunology 4200 11 - 21 - 98 ABSTRACT I will be addressing the possible immunological barriers that may be involved with challenge to infection of Toxoplasmosa gondii, the protozoan that causes toxoplasmosis. It is widely known that toxoplasmosis is a devastating disease, with often drastic consequences upon infection. In pregnant mothers, these consequences can be very horrid. Such effects are more felt by the unborn fetus th...
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Muscular Dystrophy Association Skeletal Muscles
759 wordsIn 1890, German medical professor Wilhelm Erb and other physicians had been observing several cases of a neuromuscular disease that they believed was affecting how nerve impulses were transmitted to muscle at the neuromuscular junction. The patient? s experienced a " grave muscular weakness" and Wilhelm named it myasthenia gravis. Through further research, the physicians discovered whether it affected the eye muscles first, or created difficulty in talking, chewing and swallowing, or i...
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Jonas Salk Polio Vaccine
1,409 wordsThe discovery of the polio vaccine was an important medical and scientific breakthrough because it saved many lives since the 1950 s. In the summer of 1916 the great polio epidemic struck the United states. By the 1950 s hundreds of thousands of people had been struck by the poliomyelitis. The highest number of cases occurred in 1953 with over 50, 000 people infected with the virus. When hygienic conditions were poor polio attacked infants. The disease was spread by contaminated water and contac...
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White Blood Cells Rheumatoid Arthritis
2,160 wordsThe Immune System Period 2 May 23, 1999 The immune system is the most incredible part of our body. It has the task of keeping the body healthy by destroying pathogens and disease-producing organisms, and by neutralizing their toxins. The immune system employs the services of the skin, mucous membranes, hair, cilia, saliva, urine and other natural means of waste disposal to keep the body free of illness and pathogens, For instance, should foreign bacteria enter the body, the immune system will em...
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