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Late Eighteenth Century Slave Trade
2,973 wordsFrom the 1520 s to the 1860 s an estimated 11 to 12 million African men, women, and children were forcibly embarked on European vessels for a life of slavery in the Western Hemisphere. Many more Africans were captured or purchased in the interior of the continent but a large number died before reaching the coast. About 9 to 10 million Africans survived the Atlantic crossing to be purchased by planters and traders in the New World, where they worked principally as slave laborers in plantation eco...
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Late Eighteenth Century British North America
2,918 words... tes often greater than for all other overseas trades combined. Slave mortality usually increased during the last stages of a particularly long passage when there were shortages of food and water. The Atlantic crossing lasted three to five weeks from West African trading sites such as the Gambia, Senegal, and Sierra Leone Rivers. Near the equator, in regions such as the Bights of Benin and Biafra (near present-day Nigeria), the voyage to the Americas took several months. A few French ships tr...
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Rest Of The World Indian Ocean
1,954 wordsFor nearly three decades in the early 15 th century China was the most powerful force in the world. They had fine artisans who crafted the most beautiful, delicate porcelains and silks in the known world. They had the technologies of firepower, astronomy, and oceanic navigation. They had the belief that they were the center of the world, the Middle Kingdom, and that the Son of Heaven ruled them. But most importantly, they had the means to bring their influences and culture to the rest of the wor...
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How Chinese Rudder Effected Christopher Columbus
1,541 wordsThe development of the rudder was one of the most important sea navigational inventions that have ever been invented. Before the twelfth century in northern Europe, ships were steered by a quarter-rudder mounted on the stern side of the vessel. Up until the fourteenth century the use of the quarter rudder persisted in the Mediterranean. Two quarter-mounted steering oars were used. By age of exploration, the pintle-and-gudgeon rudder, hung from the sternpost had replaced quarter-rudder. The rudde...
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End Of The Cold War Fall Of The Soviet
489 wordsTurning points are points where an important change occurs. It is very important that it will never be forgotten since these turning points make such great impact on history. Some of these impacts include food, people, plants, animals, technology, and diseases passed from one continent to the other. The voyages of Columbus and the Collapse of Communism in the Soviet Union are one of the most significant turning points that made political, social, and cultural impact. The voyages of Columbus bega...
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Marco Polo Christopher Columbus
1,040 words... for many years. He deceived his sovereigns so as to ensure that the financial arrangements that he required for his future voyages would continue. Christianity quickly became an objective for Columbus as to gain recognition and continuing support from the Church in Spain for further voyages. Once he realised that the native people believed that he and his crew were gods, therefore Columbus felt it would be easy to convert them to Christianity. Las Casas quoted Columbus as saying these people...
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Ben R Finney Polynesian Outliers A Computer Simulation Sharp
1,751 wordsAndrew Sharp claims in his Ancient Voyagers in the Pacific published in 1956 that the Pacific Islanders did not possess the necessary navigational and sailing technology to deliberately navigate the distances between islands of the Pacific when colonizing these islands. He claims colonization was random and accidental. However, more recent studies from 1972 on of Pacific navigation suggest deliberate navigation and colonization was possible and did take place. These studies have been supported b...
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Hundred And Fifty Discovery Of America
943 wordsPerhaps more than any other single figure in American History, Christopher Columbus sparks controversy. By some people, he is praised as a hero of courage and vision. Other people utterly despise Columbus as a villain of the first order who enslaved the natives. Somewhere in the mix of those divergent opinions exists the truth about the legacy of Christopher Columbus. Columbus was a man armed with the dream of reaching the East Indies by sailing West. Columbus possessed mixed motives. First, he ...
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15 Th Century France And Spain
1,251 wordsThe Reasons Underlying European Expansion and Exploration It remains unclear why humanity chose a relatively spontaneous moment to matriculate from the sheltered semicircle of Mediterranean lands, to expand to the farthest reaches of the earth, with an inchoate disregard for personal welfare. However, pretentious man feels the need to speculate and impart drivels reason, vain though it be: What were the causes of European expansion? An anonymous author proffers this model conjecture, Western Eur...
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