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Existence Of God Concept Of God
1,619 wordsThe cosmological argument was first introduced by Aristotle and later refined in western Europe by the celebrated Christian theologian, Thomas Aquinas (d. 1274 CE). In the Islamic tradition, it was adopted by Al-Kindi, and Ibn Rush (Averroes). The argument has several forms, the basic first-cause argument runs as follows. Every event must have a cause, and each cause must in turn have its own cause, and so forth. Hence, there must either be an infinite regress of causes or there must be a starti...
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Clear And Distinct Level Of Reality
1,373 wordsIn Descartes Meditations on First Philosophy, he offers two main arguments from which he concludes the existence of God. In the Third Meditation, Descartes proposes his metaphysical argument, which states that God must exist, because his real existence is the only cause, which could have produced Descartes own idea of God. In the Fifth Meditation, Descartes contends that existence is contained in Gods essence, so a non-existent God is by definition, a contradiction. This paper will analyze the s...
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Mind And Body Existence Of God
1,140 wordsIn the Sixth Meditation, Descartes makes a point that there is a distinction between mind and body. It is in Meditation Two when Descartes believes he has shown the mind to be better known than the body. In Meditation Six, however, he goes on to claim that, as he knows his mind and knows clearly and distinctly that its essence consists purely of thought. Also, that bodies' essences consist purely of extension, and that he can conceive of his mind and body as existing separately. By the power of ...
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Existence Of God Unmoved Mover
2,503 words... oma's Aquinas' First Two Ways in Proving the Existence of God It is my view that God exists, and I think that Aquinas' first two ways presents a successful argument for the existence of God. No doubt, the arguments have weak points which are subjected to criticism but nonetheless, in my opinion, these propositions by Aquinas do indeed accomplish their purpose in establishing the existence of a Greatest Conceivable Being that is the unmoved mover and uncaused cause. I believe that this ultima...
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Mind And Body Formal Reality
2,608 words... (alleged) human characteristics onto the divine being. In fact, will is only a mode, not an attribute of substance. In Part II, Spinoza maintains that there is nothing more to will than individual acts of volition. Thus will is not a "faculty" of God (and this holds for "intellect" as well). It might be objected that without choice, God is not free. Because they follow necessarily from God's essence, things cannot be otherwise than what they are, and this is a limitation of God's power. Spin...
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Game Theory Decision Making
1,964 words... (the value of a coalition which is comprised of two sub-coalitions equals, at least, the sum of the values of the two sub-coalitions). Coalitions can be epiphenomena l: their value can be higher than the combined values of their constituents. The amounts paid to the players equal the value of the coalition and each player stands to get an amount no smaller than any amount that he would have made on his own. A set of payments to the players, describing the division of the coalitions value amo...
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Flying Saucer Mutually Exclusive
1,363 wordster>Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Thought experiments (Gedankenexperimenten) are facts in the sense they have a real life correlate in the form of electrochemical activity in the brain. But it is quite obvious that they do not relate to facts. They are not a true statement. A question can be posed: do they lack truth because they do not relate to a fact or are the two facts disjointed? How are Truth and Fact interrelat...
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Real Numbers Starting Point
1,939 wordster> Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Finiteness has to do with the existence of boundaries. Intuitively, we feel that where there is a separation, a border, a threshold there is bound to be at least one thing finite out of a minimum of two. This, of course, is not true. Two infinite things can share a boundary. Infinity does not imply symmetry, let alone isotropy. An entity can be infinite to its left and bounded on its...
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Set Of Rules Lower Level
1,626 words... f Quantum Mechanics is an important member of this species. The law of parsimony must apply both to the theory entities AND to observable results, both part of a coherent, internally and externally consistent, logical (in short: scientific) theory. It is divergent-convergent: it diverges from strict correspondence to reality while theorizing, only to converge with it when testing the predictions yielded by the theory. Quarks may or may not exist but their effects do, and these effects are ob...
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Quantum Mechanics Truth Value
1,656 wordster>Sam Vaknin's Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites In 1936 an American (Alonzo Church) and a Briton (Alan M. Turing) published independently (as is often the coincidence in science) the basics of a new branch in Mathematics (and logic): computability or recursive functions (later to be developed into Automata Theory). The authors confined themselves to dealing with computations which involved effective or mechanical methods for finding...
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Work Of Art Art Work
1,142 words... e case of water) - which cannot be predicted from a complete knowledge of the constituent parts (single gas molecules or hydrogen and oxygen). Can the thinking process be surmised from the study of a single neurone - or is the Whole brain under observation the precondition? We can never be sure that the essence of the Whole is, indeed, resident in the part. Holograms and fractals are one case: the shape of the Whole is absolutely discernible in the tiniest part. Still shape is only one param...
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United States Foreign Policy Perception Of Reality
1,551 wordsPsychology Psychology is by far one of the most useful classes I have taken so far. It helps me a lot in my everyday life, especially when it comes to interpreting something, for instance my own behavior and attitudes, or behavior and attitudes of others. There are a lot of fields in which psychology helps me, and one of them is perception of various things. Now that I am taking this class I am able to analyze my own perception as well as perceptions of others, whether we are talking about a mov...
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Boys And Girls Lets Examine
2,652 wordsThe First Mathematical Problem of David Hilbert: Continuum Hypothesis Continuum Hypothesis, also known as the first Hilbert's problem is one of the most interesting mathematical problems. It is often spoken within the context of the basic mathematical tasks and multitude theory. Continuum Hypothesis is closely related to such simple and natural questions like how much? , More or less? , How many? , etc. Even the smallest child is able to understand the formulation of this problem. Nevertheless, ...
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Clear And Distinct Level Of Reality
1,379 wordsIn Descartes? Meditations on First Philosophy, he offers two main arguments from which he concludes the existence of God. In the Third Meditation, Descartes proposes his metaphysical argument, which states that God must exist, because his real existence is the only cause, which could have produced Descartes? own idea of God. In the Fifth Meditation, Descartes contends that existence is contained in God? s essence, so a non-existent God is by definition, a contradiction. This paper will analyze t...
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Mystic Margery Kempe Margery Kempe Discusses God
2,180 wordsIn Finding Truth Finding Truth In almost all major religions, there abounds the undertone of the spiritual battle that takes place inside someone regarding the succumb ation to sin or earthly desires and the like. Also ever present in the souls journey through life is the search for a prize; an ultimate Truth, especially in the early Middle Ages when religions where beginning to mature and take power in society. Though the doctrine theoretically differs greatly, Christian and Islamic faith as on...
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Real Numbers N 1
1,080 wordsMost everyone is familiar with the infinity symbol, the one that looks like the number eight tipped over on its side. Infinity sometimes crops up in everyday speech as a superlative form of the word many. But how many is infinitely many? How big is infinity? Does infinity really exist? You cant count to infinity. Yet we are comfortable with the idea that there are infinitely many numbers to count with; no matter how big a number you might come up with, someone else can come up with a bigger one;...
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Good And Evil Number Of Times
2,695 wordsPhilosophy and Life of Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche Nietzsche was born in Rocken (Saxony), Germany, on October 15, 1844. At age four, he lost his father, a Lutheran minister. Nietzsche spent his childhood in Naumburg surrounded by five females: a sister, mother, paternal grandmother, and two maiden aunts. After attending the prestigious boarding school at Port, Nietzsche studied classical philology at Bonn and Liepzig. In May 1869, at the age of 24, the brilliant scholar was awarded his doctorate...
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Secondary Qualities Primary Qualities
1,991 wordsPhilosophy Philosophy Berkeley Due, mozilla Philosophy The initial groundwork for Berkeley's position is the truism that the materialist is a skeptic. In the writing of his three dialogues, Berkeley develops two characters: Hylas (the materialist) and Philonous (Berkeley himself). Philonous draws upon one central supposition of the materialist to formulate his argument of skepticism against him; this idea is that one can never perceive the real essence of anything. In short, the materialist feel...
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Set Of Rules Scientific Theory
3,265 wordsSam Vaknins Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites Occasionalism is a variation upon Cartesian metaphysics. The latter is the most notorious case of dualism (mind and body, for instance). The mind is a? mental substance? . The body? a? material substance? . What permits the complex interactions which happen between these two disparate? substances? ? The? unexpended mind? and the? extended body? surely cannot interact without a mediating agency, God. The appearance is tha...
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