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18 Th Century Age Of Enlightenment
1,030 wordsThe 1755 Lisbon Earthquake and Candide In 1755, an earthquake measuring 9. 0 on the Richter scale occurred in Lisbon, Portugal, changing European history and philosophy. But how does one geologic event trigger a paradigm shift from naturalism to liberalism Naturalism unites with rationalism during the Age of Enlightenment, a philosophical movement during the 18 th century, which rejects traditional social, religious and political ideas with an emphasis on rationalism. People believe in a world, ...
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Candide And His Friends Heavily Damaged Earthquake
1,115 wordsThe earthquake began at 9: 30 on November 1 st, 1755, and was centered in the Atlantic Ocean, about 200 km WSW of Cape St. Vincent. The total duration of shaking lasted ten minutes and was comprised of three distinct jolts. Effects from the earthquake were far reaching. The worst damage occurred in the south-west of Portugal. Lisbon, the Portuguese capital, was the largest and the most important of the cities damaged. Severe shaking was felt in North Africa and there was heavy loss of life in Fe...
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Grolier Electronic Publishing Rio De Janeiro
1,732 wordsThroughout history, man has made many advancements. These advancements have been made to make life easier. The one thing man can't do is to control Mother Nature. Mother Nature can cause many things such as earthquakes. The causes of earthquakes have been theorized in many ways. According to the book Predicting Earthquakes by Gregory Vogt, the Greeks, "blamed the earthquakes on Poseidon, god of the sea" (25). The Hindu believed that "the earth was a platform that rested on the back of eight grea...
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Oceanic Crust Mid Ocean
1,629 wordster> Describe the frequency, origin and distribution of earthquakes at mid-ocean ridges, ocean basins, subduction zones and continental shields. Earthquakes are happening almost everyday all over the world. Most of the time earthquakes are not strong enough to be felt by people, but the shaking caused by an earthquake is recorded by a seismogram. These are located all over the world at different points. Only occasionally will a larger magnitude earthquake strike and cause damage to the...
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Number Of Buildings Million Population Earthquake
785 wordsAn earthquake struck on the 17 th January at 5: 46 am in the south-central part of Japan. This earthquake was 7. 2 on the richter scale and caused mass destruction. It was called The Great Hanshin Earthquake. Its focus was only 30 km below ground. Shock waves travelled to the surface and splintered buildings, roads and mains supplies of gas water and electricity. The Japanese were in a hard to live state. This also hit Osaka and Kyoto. Kobe has a 1. 5 million population its self. All children ex...
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Earthquake Loads Resistant Design Of Buildings
2,074 words... Spectra are developed by calculating the of response a single mass oscillator (usually with 5 % critical damping present) to the design level earthquake motion. Engineers traditionally have shown a preference for acceleration spectra, since the resulting coefficient, when multiplied by the seismic mass, results in the lateral base shear for the building. In Australia [ 7 ] and the Uniformed Building Code used in the western USA [ 9 ] these spectra are presented as a simple uniform coefficien...
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Earthquake Loads Resistant Design Of Buildings
2,121 words... on from each mode using an appropriate modal combination technique. 11) Scale the elastic deformation obtained from the analysis to allow for post-elastic deformations and check that the overall deformation of the structure and that the inter-storey drift limits are within acceptable limits. (Note: The overall building deformation checks usually control boundary edge clearance requirements to avert blocks pounding each other. The inter-storey drift limits control the onset of non-structural ...
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Earthquake Loads Resistant Design Of Buildings
2,097 words... se dynamic response may also introduce twisting and torsional effects into the response, either directly as a function of the input ground motion, or because of variations in the spatial distribution of seismic mass, or because of the structure being irregular in plan. Measures employed to counter these effects typically involve distributing the lateral load resisting systems about the building plan and attempting to limit the plan profile to being reasonably regular and compact. Most modern...
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Millions Of Dollars Plate Tectonics
1,068 wordsEARTHQUAKE REFERENCE FILES Earthquake, shaking of the earth's surface caused by rapid movement of the earth's rocky outer layer. Earthquakes occur when energy stored within the earth, usually in the form of strain in rocks, suddenly releases. This energy is transmitted to the surface of the earth by earthquake waves. The study of earthquakes and the waves they create is called seismology. Scientists who study earthquakes are called seismologists. (Webster's p. 423) The destruction an earthquake ...
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Encyclop Dia Britannica Prime Minister
2,635 wordsJapans viability When we think of Japan, the first things that come in mind are the red circle of Japans national flag, an ancient civilization with its own traditions, samurai and The Last Samurai with Tom Cruise, yen and Japanese economy, one of the most powerful in the world, Pearl Harbor, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, destroyed with the first atom bombs, Tokyo and the Kyoto treaty, Emperor and Prime Minister of Japan. The list could be long. Therefore, we understand that Japan is very old and inte...
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Earthquake Studies For Southern California
615 wordsEarthquake Studies For Southern California Earthquake Country. info claims that earthquakes are as Southern Californian as waves at the beach and traffic on the freeways. Lets dwell on earthquakes in Southern California as well as the faults associated with our area. The San Andreas fault is one of the most significant faults affecting our area. We know that the San Andreas fault produces large earthquakes and that many other faults are also hazardous (Earthquake Country. info n. p. ). So, lets ...
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Earths Surface Ground Motion
851 wordsAn earthquake, one of the most destructive natural phenomena, consists of rapid vibrations of rock near the surface of the earth. It is the most terrifying of all natural phenomena and has brought fear since ancient times because of its sudden unpredictable occurrence and enormous capacity of destruction. A single shock usually last no more than a few seconds, although several quakes may last for as much as a couple of minutes. The quake as felt on the surface is always the result never the caus...
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San Andreas Fault San Francisco
1,028 wordsThe San Francisco Earthquake Earthquake The San Francisco Earthquake of 1906 was ranks as one of the most significant earthquakes of all times. The quake occurred on April 18, 1906 at approximately 5: 12 a. m. (local time. ) Rupturing the northernmost 430 kilometres of the San Andreas fault from northwest of San Juan Baptists to the triple junction at Cape Mendocino. The foreshore, a minor shock before the earthquake occurred with enough force to be felt throughout the San Francisco Bay area, th...
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Earths Crust Seismic Waves
535 wordsEarthquakes can simply be defined as a naturally induced shaking of the ground caused by the fracture and sliding of rock within the earths crust. There are at least 6, 000 earthquakes detected throughout the world each year. Many people have heard about or experienced first hand the effects that an earthquake can have. But many people dont understand what causes them and what exactly is happening during an earthquake. In the following paper I will be explaining the causes and effects of earthqu...
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San Francisco Bay Earths Crust
1,221 wordsA Discussion On Earthquakes Perhaps Mother Nature offers no greater force than that of the earthquake. Across the span of time, earthquakes have been recorded for their incredible destructive forces, and their abilities to awe mankind with their unparalleled force. Earthquakes can often strike without any notice, leveling large cities and killing scores of innocent people. Not only can earthquakes bring harm to society through these methods of destruction, but they can also cause millions of dol...
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Earths Crust San Francisco
1,193 wordsAn earthquake is shaking or trembling of the earth that is volcanic or tectonic in origin. A broadly satisfying explanation of the majority of earthquakes can be given in terms of what is called plate tectonics. The basic idea is that the Earths outermost part also called the lithosphere consists of several large and fairly stable slabs of solid and relatively rigid rock called plates (Bravely 154). These plates continuously move pushing and rubbing against each other. Since the earliest of time...
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Buried Under Rubble Hit Many Places Earthquake
431 wordsRecently, earthquakes Fear FEAR Recently, earthquakes have hit many places like, Kobe, Greece, Turkey and Taiwan. Moreover, some scientists predict that a huge earthquake will hit the Tokai area and it will have enough power to destroy the Tokyo area. I fear earthquakes for 3 reasons: anticipation of disaster, being on the point of death in the rubble, and becoming injured or sick. First, when any size earthquake hits, even a small one, I feel fear because my mind says, Someday there will be hug...
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Centered Beneath Widespread Damage Earthquake
485 wordsMany geographic and environmental hazards constantly affect and alter the world in which we live. One of the most unpredictable natural disasters to occur is an earthquake. According to Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary, an earthquake is a shaking or trembling of the earth that is volcanic or tectonic in origin. However, the physical causes, economic and social effects, and costs go far beyond just that dictionary definition. A phenomenon known as tectonic forces is generally what causes an ...
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Heavy Tile Roofs Suffered Extensive Damage Earthquake
1,095 wordsAn earthquake is defined as a shaking or trembling of the earth that is volcanic or tectonic in origin. In the case of the Great Hyogo (Hanshin) earthquake of Kobe, Japan it is tectonic in origin. This devastating earthquake which occurred on the 17 th of January at 5: 46 a. m measured at a whopping 7 (7. 2) on the Richter scale. This was the largest recorded earthquake to ever hit Japan. According to the Japan Meteorological its epicentre was in 34. 6? north and 135. 0? east in the northern tip...
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Charleston S C Volcanic Eruptions
2,884 wordstrembling or Natural Disasters earthquake, trembling or shaking movement of the earths surface. Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force called aftershocks. The subterranean point of origin of an earthquake is called its focus; the point on the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. The magnitude and intensity of an earthquake i...
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