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Drug Addiction Addictive Drugs
4,264 wordsThe emphasis is on biological mechanisms underlying addiction, although some other factors influencing drug addiction will also be discussed. The presentation is limited primarily to psychomotor stimulants (e. g. , amphetamine, cocaine) and opiates (e. g. , heroin, morphine) for two reasons. First, considerable knowledge has been gained during the past 15 years regarding the neurobiological mechanisms mediating their addictive properties. Second, these two pharmacological classes represent the b...
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Drug Addiction Negative Reinforcement
4,209 words... ve drugs. The Addiction Research Center Inventory, an empirically derived test designed to measure the subjective effects of addictive drugs, detects the mood-elevating effects of psychomotor stimulants and opiates on the same scale (see Haertzen and Hickey 1987). On the other hand, the subjective-effects of these two drug classes can be easily distinguished. This is not surprising considering that ex-addicts report a preference for heroin over morphine (Martin and Fraser 1961), even though ...
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Times A Week Symptoms Occur
1,235 wordsAsthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease among children and young adults. There are numerous triggers of asthma. In the physical education field (EIA) exercise induced asthma is a very important disease to understand and help maintain stability. Asthma is a chronic lung disease that makes breathing difficult. During an attack, the linings of the bronchial tubes become inflamed and irritated causing mucus production and the constriction of surrounding muscles. These three factors cau...
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Sympathetic Nervous System W B Saunders
1,494 wordsRhinitis is defined as an inflammation of the nasal mucosa and it is characterized by nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea, sneezing, and pruritus. The etiologies of rhinitis can be broadly classified into 4 main categories: allergic, infectious, and non-allergic, non-infectious (vasomotor rhinitis). Allergic rhinitis is a mediated reaction to certain environmental agents, often a type of pollen. As the name describes, some type of pathogen is evident in infectious rhinitis. Most commonly, viruses are ...
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Autoimmune Diseases Organ Transplantation
2,135 wordsINTRODUCTION In order to provide a detailed analysis of recent pharmacological developments involving the human immune system, it is firstly necessary to introduce the innate and adaptive immune responses. Immunosuppressants and immuno modulators will be differentiated between and a selection of new and often experimental drugs belonging to each category will be provided. Specific drugs will be described including the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic's involved with each type. The possible c...
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Electro Convulsive Therapy American Journal Of Psychiatry
1,253 wordsSince its introduction to the world in the mid 1930 s, electro convulsive shock therapy, or ECT, has been one of the most effective and least understood treatments in psychiatry. The technique itself has changed in many ways since its conception and is now considered a safe and effective treatment of patients with major depressive disorder, manic episodes, schizophrenia, and other serious mental disturbances. However, the neurobiological changes critical to the therapeutic success of ECT have no...
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Obsessive Compulsive Amp Amp
1,109 wordsCase Study: Mrs A is a 71 year old widow with CCF and osteoarthritis who has recently been exhibiting quite unusual behaviour. Her daughter is concerned about her mother's ability to remain independent and wishes to pursue nursing home admission arrangements. She fears the development of a depending illness. Over the last two to three months Mrs A has become confused, easily fatigued and very irritable. She has developed disturbing obsessive / compulsive behaviour constantly complaining that her...
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Running Head Diagnosing Alzheimer Disease Parkinson Als Huntington
2,473 wordsRunning head: DIAGNOSING ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE, PARKINSON'S DISEASE, ALS, & HUNTINGTON'S DISEASE Diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, ALS, & Huntington's Disease June 06, 2009 Diagnosing Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, ALS, & Huntington's Disease Introduction With the emergence of new technologies in medicine, treatment has become more effective. However, the amount of time required to identify the causes and symptoms of diseases remains a major challenge for modern medic...
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Gaining On Fat By W Gibbs
1,057 words"Gaining on Fat" by W. Way Gibbs. The mankind defeated such serious diseases having been mortal some 100 years ago like plague, cholera, smallpox and others. Modern times bring more challenges to the human health. The problem of obesity in the richest countries is bringing real threat to the mankind. Thus, in The United States 59 % of the adult population are defined as people with obesity 1. There is no need to discuss the hazard of obesity. It is well known both for the scientists, and ordinar...
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Value Of Human Life Fertilized Egg
2,589 wordsIs Abortion Ethical? In the modern world, abortion is one of the most controversial issues that our society ever faced. With a number of abortions made increasing every year, this matter generates a great concern among the public. Almost every mature person has an opinion on this subject and most of these opinions fall into two general groups pro-choice and pro-life (Ward). Individuals that oppose abortions argue that abortion is an unethical thing and that governments should either establish a ...
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Drug Addiction Addictive Drugs
8,497 wordsDrug Addiction as a Psychobiological Process The emphasis is on biological mechanisms underlying addiction, although some other factors influencing drug addiction will also be discussed. The presentation is limited primarily to psychomotor stimulants (e. g. , amphetamine, cocaine) and opiates (e. g. , heroin, morphine) for two reasons. First, considerable knowledge has been gained during the past 15 years regarding the neurobiological mechanisms mediating their addictive properties. Second, thes...
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Heroin And Morphine Drugs
322 wordsPeyote taken by American Indians in a ceremony participated in by adherents of the Native American Church is legal and legitimate even holy. Yet the same substance, taken by college students even for the same purposes is suddenly, magically, labeled a dangerous drug, debilitating and damaging to the user and a threat to society and quite illegal. Another example: heroin and morphine. These two drugs are not very different pharmacological and biochemically, except that pure heroin is several time...
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Target Heart Rate Blood Vessels
2,314 wordsAsthma is a pulmonary disease with the following characteristics: 1) airway obstruction that is reversible in most patients either spontaneously or with treatment; 2) airway inflammation; and 3) increased airway responsiveness to a variety of stimuli (Enright, 1996, p. 375). There presently exist many varieties of asthma that differ in the severity, means of induction, and methods of treatment. One type is exercise-induced asthma. Exercise-induced asthma (EIA) is a temporary increase in airway r...
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Medicinal Marijuana Consumer Reports
1,429 wordsMedical Marijuana Marijuana (cannabis) is a mixture of leaves, stems, and flowering tops of the Indian hemp plant Cannabis sativa. [ 4 ] Marijuana is thought by many to be harmful, but it has been proven in fact to be helpful for some people with certain illnesses. [ 4 ] When I first started looking into medical marijuana as my research subject, I was curious to see what people my age actually thought about marijuana. I asked twenty of my peers, ranging in age from seventeen to twenty-two, What ...
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