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Example research essay topic: The Effects Of Music Therapy On Mentally Handicapped - 1,153 words

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... rapist based on his or her knowledge of the musics effect on behavior, the clients strengths and weaknesses, and the therapeutic goals. Music therapists choose from a large amount of music activities and interventions. For example, the therapist and client might compose songs for the purpose of expression of feelings; one client might learn how to play the piano for the purpose of improving fine motor skills, while another client might use instruments to improvise unspoken emotions. Each client has to determine his or her own needs, strengths, and interests. Sessions are then designed to meet the specific needs of each client.

Progress is evaluated in consultation with the client or the family of the client. This helps to maximize the emotional, physical and cognitive potential of each client. The sessions include a variety of musical experiences. For example, a person who is terminally ill might benefit from song writing to express inner feeling. A troubled adolescent might benefit from listening and discussing the lyrics.

Improvisation might be the preferred activity for a person with autism while learning to play a simple instrument could enhance the self-esteem of a mentally retarded adult. For a geriatric client, a music therapist might use familiar songs to reveal past memories, and for a child with Downs Syndrome, singing might be used to improve auditory discrimination. These are only a few examples of music therapy techniques. The possibilities are endless and are focused on the responses of the client and the creativity of the therapist. Back in the 1960 s, a physician was called to investigate a strange disease that had taken over a monastery of Benedictine monks in the south of France. Out of the blue, the brothers had become tired and depressed.

Once other medical authorities had ruled out physical causes, the physician began to search for changes in their diet or work conditions but discovered none. After a long discussion with the monks, he learned that before they became sick, the monks used to gather eight or nine times a day and chant for 10 to 20 minutes. But thanks to the reforms of Vatican II, their daily chanting had been reduced by several hours a day. It dawned on the physician that the physiological benefits of their chanting, slowing down their breathing and lowering their blood pressure, were the cause of the monks tiredness. His solution was restoring their habit of chants.

The effects were dramatic. Within six months, the monks were back to their old vigorous and healthy selves. A sixty-year-old physician, Pete, was driving to work when he recognized the symptoms of a stroke. He pulled into a gas station, leaned on his horn and asked the attendant to call an ambulance to take him to a hospital. The only movement he had was his eyelids, and his only means of communication was blinking once for yes, twice for no. A few weeks later, Petes wife called in a guy who was a composer, music researcher, teacher, and healer.

He suggested they play as much Mozart as possible in the household. For the next few weeks the healer would come to the house and sit at the side of Petes bed and tap syllables of words into Petes hand in a rhythmic like beat. This is called an integrated auditory pattern, which enabled Pete to begin to reconnect with the outside world. Three years after participating in Pete's rehabilitation, the healer learned that he had a potentially fatal blood clot in an artery just below his brain.

The healer, who had spent ten years investigating the effects of sound on the body, knew much about therapeutic uses of music. The men decided to wait a while to see any changes before any surgery would take place. They simply hummed, fearful that a more powerful sound might bring on a stroke. He did this for three weeks, and while humming he meditated on healing images. When he went back for his second brain scan, the results showed that the blood clot had shrunk incredibly from its original size and Pete was said to be out of danger. In 1996, researchers tried giving ten stroke victims thirty minutes of rhythmic stimulation each day for three weeks.

Compared with untreated patients, they showed significant improvements in their ability to walk steadily. Moods rose and depression fell for twenty women and men who listened to familiar music they selected while practicing various stress-reduction techniques. Classical and New Age music helped twenty-four of twenty-five people with sleeping problems get to sleep faster, sleep for longer periods of time, and get back to sleep more easily after waking in the middle of the night. The best kind of music for sleep deprivation is songs with slow movements from classical music of all periods.

Don Campbell, a music therapist, offers some simple exercises you can try on your own. If youre tired and need some sonic caffeine, hum a long e sound for three minutes. For a relaxation make a long o or ah sound. Most of us even practice our own version of music therapy instinctively. A mother naturally sings to soothe her baby. When were depressed, we play or make our favorite music, either to lift us out of our gloom, or to intensify it, and when were happy we play joyous music to liven the mood even more.

The following suggestions are more experiments to try on your own. Raise your sound awareness by noticing the sounds around you in everyday life. This enhances your communication skills by improving your listening skills. Play your favorite music when you do housework.

Not only will it distract you, but it will also motivate you and create pleasant feelings for that activity. When youre angry or frustrated, play an energetic piece of music. Move your body for five to seven minutes, letting the music release your emotions. Then your mind can look at the situation with a brighter outlook. If you want a deep relaxation but have problems with formal meditation, sit somewhere quiet, hum or chant different vowel sounds and direct them to various parts of your body. When we create and focus on sound, we begin to stop the constant thoughts in our minds, which is the first step to deep relaxation.

Even though you have inquired all this information, you might still be wondering how such simple things like music and rhythm could work all this magic. Well, no one really knows. It is a mystery. But researchers have known for a long time that listening to music can directly influence pulse, blood pressure, and the electrical activity of muscles. Neuroscientists now suspect that music can actually help build and strengthen connections among nerve cells.

Although many people will not agree with or even believe all the wonderful acts that music can do, it can be a highly effective form of rehabilitation for anyone.


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Research essay sample on The Effects Of Music Therapy On Mentally Handicapped

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