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Lodz Lodz Ghetto LODZ GHETTO Lodz Ghetto, the second largest ghetto in Europe, and was often referred to as the garrett. It was considered the central ghetto in the Wartheland, Poland area. Lodz was unique in one aspect. The Jews of the Lodz Ghetto were privileged to see the Jewish nation crumble before them. From Lodz they found out about many of their fellow Jews being killed in the concentration camps and others being killed right in thier own homes. They were one of the last ghettos still standing.
The Jews were told that these reports were false, and they believed that at the end of the long train rides was a life of happiness. Before the German invasion, there was at least 25, 000 Jews in Lodz Ghetto. The rest of the population was occupied by 90, 000 Germans. This was the largest amount of Germans outside of Germany. The Jews of Lodz were the ones who were responsible for the citys development. Lodz was second in size to Warsaw, the capital of Poland.
Textile factories employed thousands of workers and clothed much of Eastern Europe. Lodz had over twelve hundred businesses. This is why the ghetto lasted for four years. The Germans needed the Jews productivity and therefore didnt destroy the Jews in it for awhile. On February 8 th, 1940, the leader of the SS brigade in Lodz issued an order establishing the Ghetto. At that time, there were about 200, 000 Jews in Lodz.
Between February 8 th and April 30 th all non-Jews living in Beauty, the area were the ghetto was to be established, were ordered to move out while the Jews from other parts of Lodz were ordered to move in. The Jews were not allowed to take anything in with them. The ghetto was closed and surrounded by a wall that was six feet high and over ten miles long. 9 The only outsiders who were permitted to enter and exit the ghetto were German guards and officials. The Jews of the ghetto knew little of the Nazis plan for them. They planned to go about their daily lives normally. The Germans realized that it would be very hard to evacuate so many Jews at once and so, they established the ghetto for the Jews of Lodz.
The Germans made the Jews work for the German industry. Lodz's Gettoverwaltung (German administration) was the supreme boss of all of the ghettos industrial export. It gave orders for work and was the only group permitted to accept the finished products of the ghetto. The Nazis agreed to this and then went right back to pulling Jews off the streets and then pulled them from their homes. They killed them if they refused. The Nazis lied to the Jews and told them that they were being moved to better conditions, only to later kill them on death marches and in concentration camps.
They offered a better life outside of the ghetto, on Polish farms or at work camps in Germany. They cut off the ghetto from the rest of the world. The Jews were separated under threat of death. Even before the ghetto was set up, the Nazis made a demand for 25, 000 people.
But a group of the Lodz Jews were able to bring that number down to 5, 000. About a year after the ghetto was sealed, the deportations really began. Volunteering was tried, but failed. The Nazis then seized the 57 mentally ill people of the ghetto. Anyone who was outspoken about their views would be the next one to be deported. When Jews began to be transported into Lodz, the Germans demanded 1, 00 Jews to be deported everyday to keep the ghetto from becoming too overcrowded.
The Jews of the ghetto tried to keep ther cool. There were Orthodox Jews who would not eat non-kosher food. Hundreds of people kept hidden radios and passed news along even if it was usually met with death. It was through these radios that they heard of the mass executions of the Jews of Cracow, Lublin and Warsaw. They heard of the deportations of their families who lived in other cities and who were killed in Kolo, Chelmno and other places. They listened to these radio broadcasts all the time in hopes of bing set free.
Right before the ghetto was to be liquidated, a traitor led the Gestapo to the secret radios. One of the owners of a radio, Nathan Widavsky, who was part of the Zionist underground, committed suicide by painful poisoning. He was afraid that he might choke under the pressure of the Nazis and reveal the names of other radio owners. The Jews did not believe the stories that they were told. They believed that the Germans would spare Lodz and its inhabitants-otherwise why would the Germans be pouring Jews into Lodz? In the fall of 1941, about eighteen thousand Jews arrived in Lodz from nearby towns.
In April 1942, the final deportations began. First the unemployed and poor were ordered to sign up for work, and they did not realize that they were signing for death... Germans enter the ghetto and grabbed all of the elderly, young and weak who hadnt complied with the order. Those final weeks, 15, 000 people were deported. The population of the ghetto had dropped to about 70, 000. The war was not going well for the Germans.
They were being beaten by the Allies and the Russians on both fronts. The order then came to liquidate the remainder of the Jews and destroy the ghetto. Trains left the Lodz railroad station with the remaining 76, 701 (an exact number) Jews of the Lodz ghetto headed for extermination camps, mostly for Auschwitz as the Russian troops advanced. The majority of the Jews were killed instantly as they entered the camp.
A few hundred men were left to burn the ghetto and gather the remaining valuables for the Germans. Another few hundred people managed to hide themselves underground. The Russian army marched in as the Germans fled. Most of those in hiding ran out of their hiding spots and greeted the Russians with smiles.
For most it was the first time they smiled in almost 4 years. About 10, 000 Jews survived the Lodz Ghetto. Some had the good fortune to be sent to work camps. The rest were sent to Auschwitz. More Jews survived from the Lodz Ghetto than from any other ghetto. The number of people that were lost, though, is unbelievable.
Over 60, 000 were killed. It reminds me of the movie? Shindler? s List? , in which Oskar Shindler is found crying near the end about how he wishes he could have saved? just one more Jew? .
The Nazis Final Solution didn? t really work out. The Jews outsmarted them by their will and determination. The Lodz Ghetto was where the Jews showed their strength. The thing that mainly disturbs me is that the Germans killed as many Jews as they could when they found out they were not going to win the war.
That shows their true self, the coward. What we need to do is be careful who we trust, to prevent an atrocity like this from happening again.
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