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I) I. O Psychology-study of human behavior in the workplace. I. O Psychologist-They dont do therapy with people who work.
They watch job interviews, they look at stress, anything that has to do with behavior at the job. a) The Hawthorne Project 1937 -in Chicago at an electric company, this company mad telephones and other equipment. The hawthorne affect-the finding that workers who were observed increased their productivity regardless of what actual changes were made in the work state. II) Economic Decision-Making The escalation affect-the tendency for investors to remain commited to a losing course of action. -To minimize the escalation affect you remove who made the initial investment and get other people to asset the data. The sunk cost principle-the economic rule of the thumb that only future costs and benefits not past commitments should be considered in making a decision. III) Approaches to leadership -unite others to the pursuit of a common goal.
The classic trait program-the identification of traits that characterize great leaders from the past. 8 Traits For Great Leadership 1) strong cognitive ability-basically meaning your intelligent 2) drive, high-energy level, ambition, need for achievement 3) Able to motivate 4) they had technical expertise 5) creative-generate original ideas 6) self confidence 7) Integrity-they are open, reliable, honest 8) Flexible-able to adapt different situations The contingiousy model of leadership-that the theory of leadership affectiveness is determined both of personal characteristics of leader and the control afforded by the situation. Task oriented leaders-these people are single mindedly focused on the job, get the job done! ! ! Relations oriented leaders-these people lead for their concern for their employees. Transactional leadership-its a leader who gains compliance and support from followers primarily through goal setting and the use of reports. This is a two exchange between the worker and the management.
Transformational Leadership-this is a leader who inspires followers to transcend their own needs in the interest of a common cause.
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