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... cept at the North American International Auto Show in January, 2000. 1994: The Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies (CERES) and GM mutually endorse each others' Environmental Principles. GM is the first Fortune 50 Company to endorse the CERES Principles. That same year, GM is the first automobile manufacturer to join CERES. 1994: GM and The Nature Conservancy sign commitment to work together on sustainability programs and initiatives. 1994: GM joins the President's Council for Sustainable Development 1997: GM forms a Supplier Environmental Advisory Council to ensure environmental awareness, pollution prevention and compliance from its suppliers 1999: GM & Toyota announce a 5 -year collaboration to speed development of advanced technology vehicles Manufacturing and assembling modular ization Modularization is a systematical integration of automobiles' accessories or sub-system according to its structural organization. Manufacturing & assembling modular ization is that automotive accessories manufactures produce modularized systematical products, and then the car producers will finalize automobiles by simply assembling those modularized products.
M & A modular ization will lead to a great transform in car producing mode, this also includes discarding the traditional assembling lines and equipments, so as to reducing the amount of car accessories, cutting down the cost of management and operation, and improve the reliability of the products. Car companies nowadays have many possibilities for sourcing raw materials, parts, and components, and assembling them into final goods to serve world-wide markets. GM parts and accessories are sold under the GM, GM Goodwrench and ACDelco brands through GM Service and Parts Operations. GM vehicle engines and transmissions are marketed through GM Powertrain.
Environmental Auto-products Protecting environment and developing persistently are being realized and taken into account by more and more countries. The 21 st century products will try for present a harmony between automobiles and our environment by developing new power, choosing raw materials, producing modularized accessories, and finalizing a whole car. In order to reach the standard and to save natural resources, new type of cars that are using electric, hydrogen and mixed power in the future will be well concerned. Meanwhile, some advanced designing concepts such as green design and whole life design are widely used. Almost 10 years ago, GM reaffirmed their long commitment to the environment with the adoption by the GM Board of Directors of environmental principles. These apply to their operations worldwide.
They cover a number of areas: Environmental preservation and restoration Reducing waste and pollutants Conserving resources Working with governmental entities for development of sound environmental regulations And assessing the impact of plants and products in the communities in which we live and work. GM is committed to environmental preservation and restoration. However, GM believes both the economy and the environment can flourish. And that belief is being embraced more widely.
GM Environmental Principles General Motors Board of Directors adopted the Environmental Principles on March 4, 1991. They are intended to serve as a guide for all GM employees worldwide, encouraging environmental consciousness in both daily conduct and in the planning of future products and programs. As a responsible corporate citizen, General Motors is dedicated to protecting human health, natural resources, and the global environment. This dedication reaches further than compliance with the law to encompass the integration of sound environmental practices into our business decisions. The following environmental principles provide guidance to General Motors personnel worldwide in the conduct of their daily business practices. 1. We are committed to actions to restore and preserve the environment. 2.
We are committed to reducing waste and pollutants, conserving resources, and recycling materials at every stage of the product life cycle. 3. We will continue to participate actively in educating the public regarding environmental conservation. 4. We will continue to pursue vigorously the development and implementation of technologies for minimizing pollutant emissions. 5. We will continue to work with all governmental entities for the development of technically sound and financially responsible environmental laws and regulations. 6. We will continually assess the impact of our plants and products on the environment and the communities in which we live and operate with a goal of continuous improvement. GM Research Leadership: In 1955, GM became the first auto company to begin conducting atmospheric research.
In 1962, GM became the first auto company to construct a smog chamber for analyzing the content and effects of smog. Also in 1962, GM became the first auto company to build a mobile laboratory to sample air pollutants. 1967: GM developed the industry's first sealed enclosure (SHED) test technique for measuring evaporative emissions. This technology was later adopted by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (U. S.
EPA) as its official test for evaporative emissions. GM was the first auto company to set up emission research laboratories in the two areas of the U. S. with the most severe pollution problems (at the time): Los Angeles and Denver. Unleaded Gasoline: In 1970, GM became the first auto company to announce that it would manufacture all of its passenger cars and light trucks in the U. S.
to run on unleaded fuel. Reformulated Gasoline: GM proposed the idea of reformulated gasoline, which burns cleaner than traditional unleaded gasoline, in 1989. 1989: GM leads the formation of the Auto-Oil Air Quality improvement research program which led to cleaner reformulated gasoline In March 1991, GM endorsed the use of reformulated gasoline in all of its vehicles. Electric-powered Vehicles: In 1990, GM announced the development of the Impact (EV 1), the first zero-emissions vehicle to be developed for commercial production in the U. S. In 1996, GM was first to market an electric vehicle, the EV 1, available for lease in selected markets. Variable-fueled Vehicles (Ffv's): 1991: The Chevrolet Lumina flexible fuel vehicle (FFV) is the first methanol FFV certified by the U.
S. EPA FFV's operate on 85 percent methanol, ethanol, or gasoline, or any mixture of them. Elimination of Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): GM spearheaded the auto industry's efforts to phase out the use of CFCs, which have been proven to damage the earth's ozone layer. In 1990, all GM dealerships, assembly plants, and fleet garages in the U. S.
and all dealers in Europe which service conditioning units were equipped with machines that recover AND recycle CFCs used in air conditioning. Waste Reduction (Plants): In 1991, GM and the United Auto Workers (UAW) jointly implemented a program called "WE CARE" (Waste Elimination and Cost Awareness Rewards Everyone), with focus on prevention and elimination of potential waste before it becomes a matter of recycling, treatment, or disposal. GM's vehicle manufacturing and assembly complex in Ramos Arise, Mexico, was the first plant in the world to use a system of microbiological filtering to treat both industrial and sanitary wastewater. Recycling: In 1970, GM conducted the industry's first pilot test program for the collection and recycling of abandoned cars in rural areas and small communities. In 1979, GM Europe's Opel subsidiary became the first auto manufacturer in Europe to mark all its plastic parts with internationally standardized material codes. In 1990, GM became the first auto manufacturer to enter the engine remanufacturing business.
In this venture, recycled used engines are remanufactured for sale through the GM Service Parts Operations (SPO) unit. In 1990, GM's Saturn division was the first to employ the lost-foam casting process for engine manufacturing, a process which results in a significant reduction in the amount of contaminated waste sand generated in the molding process. The lost-foam casting process is also used on the new L 850 twin-cam four cylinder engine that is standard on the new Saturn L-series midsize sedan and wagon (create link). In 1990, GM Europe's Opel subsidiary was the first German manufacturer to use recycled plastics in its Calibra model.
In 1991, Opel announced that the 1992 Astra sold in Germany would be the first vehicle on the market with a guarantee that the vehicle will be taken back free of charge for recycling at the end of its life cycle. 1995: GM publishes first industry paper on calculating recycle ability of automobiles Automotive technology digitization Automotive industry is adapting the future demand of digitization and intelligent zing. Multimedia system, auto intellectual security system, comfort management system, phonetic identify system and multi-digital technology will be applied. Digitization technology will change automobiles design, development and manufacturing methods, for example, computer virtual design technology conducts new model testing under a virtual environment; new facilities and assembling lines will be created under the virtual technology, consequently, producing process will become controllable and precise, target cost will be rigidly navigated. GM to offer XM satellite radio in most 2004 model lines General Motors is to widen the number of vehicles on which it offers XM Satellite Radio as a factory-installed option from 25 in the 2003 model year to 44 for the 2004 model...
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Research essay sample on Reformulated Gasoline Raw Materials
