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Clean Air Act Environmental Protection Agency
1,285 words1990, the federal Clean Air Act was passed to improve air quality in the United States. President Bush's proposed amendments to the Clean Air Act initially would have led to the introduction of alternative, non-petroleum fuels. The petroleum and oxygenate industries responded by offering a reformulated gasoline program as a substitute for most of the alternate fuel proposals. As a result, the amendments to the federal Clean Air Act adopted in 1990 required steps to achieve lower vehicle emission...
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Electromagnetic Radiation Infrared Radiation
1,377 wordsYou might remember the heroic role that newly-invented radar played in the Second World War. People hailed it then as "Our Miracle Ally." But even in its earliest years, as it was helping win the war, radar proved to be more than an expert enemy locator. Radar technicians, doodling away in their idle moments, found that they could focus a radar beam on a marshmallow and toast it. They also popped popcorn with it. Such was the beginning of microwave cooking. The very same energy that warned the B...
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Shown In Figure Surface Of The Earth
1,655 wordsThe oceans are said to be the source of life. The enormous, blue, calm oceans are the signatures of the planet earth. They cover nearly three-fourths of the surface of the earth. This is equal to 71 percent of the earths entire surface or about 361 million sq km (140 million sq mi). Its average depth is 5000 m (16, 000 ft), and its total volume is about 1, 347, 000, 000 cu km (322, 300, 000 cu mi). This includes the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. These oceans are bordered by the continent...
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Positive And Negative Conduct Electricity
595 wordsElectrolytes are liquids that conduct electricity. Most need to be dissolved into water or another solvent. Battery's have an electrolyte in them, either as a liquid or as a paste. Liquid electrolytes are used in electrolysis, electroplating, and other chemical processes. When electrolytes dissolve they release positive and negative ions. The released ions carry electric charges between electrodes, in the solution. Cations (a positively charged ion that migrates to the cathode, a negative electr...
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Source Of Energy Amino Acids
2,062 words-man is high 50 's to 60 % water -distribution in body divided into 3 compartments: 2) intercellular / interstitial fluid - 11 litres - 80 % -water's properties result from its structure and molecular interactions -polar covalent bonds and asymmetrical shape give it opposite charges on -electrons spend more time around O giving H a slight positive charge -hydrogen bonds form between the oxygen of one molecule and the -cohesion: substance being held together by hydrogen bonds -hydrogen bonds are ...
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Johannes Van Der Waals
1,122 words... slightly negative and the other end of it is slightly positive. The Dispersion forces exist between non-polar molecules. Dispersion forces are another of van der Waals' three forces. They exist between non-polar molecules. It is important to remember that within a bond, electrons are constantly MOVING. They zoom around the atoms really quickly. As a result, there may be a tiny instant in that time span where the electrons happen to dominant on one side, rather than the other. However, this t...
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Concentration And Reaction Rate
1,776 wordster> How concentration affects reaction rate. The aim of this investigation is to see how the concentration of a reactant in ratio to the reactor affects the rate of a reaction. When hydrochloric acid and Thiosulphate react together sulphur is liberated this means that as the reaction goes on the solution will become yellow and will change from being transparent to translucent to opaque. The sulphur is formed as a solid but not in the usual precipitation way. Na 2 + S 2 + 2 HCL 2 NaCl+...
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Life On Earth H 2 O
726 wordsThe first thing water reminds us of is the clear liquid in our water bottles. However, water is more than a normal substance. Water is the beginning and the continual of life on earth. Because of its many unique properties, water was able to start life on our planet. The simple structure of H 2 O is the source of all water's properties. With two hydrogen atoms sticking to an oxygen atom in a tetrahedron shape, water is considered as a polar molecule. Because oxygen is very electronegative, it pu...
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Plasma Membrane Passive Transport
834 wordsBeing one of the most important components of a cell, the plasma membrane, or cell membrane plays a huge role in regulating how things get in and out of cells. The plasma membranes unique structure enables it to let only certain molecules pass through the cell. This ability is called selective permeability. Most of the plasma membrane in most cells is made up of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins either embedded into it or sticking out from either side of the membrane. The heads of the phospho...
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The Biological Importance Of Water
1,055 wordsGenerally, the main biological importance of water is that life cannot exist without it. In fact on a percentage basis, the majority of any organism is comprised of water. Additionally, it is believed that life first originated in the bodies of water on the earth. The importance of water is seen in such third world countries as Kenya. Where the inhabitants are forced to drink water so dirty and contaminated that they know it might kill them. However they still drink it because its essential for ...
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Investigating Osmosis In Potato Cells
1,036 wordsApparatus: The apparatus used in this experiment were: 1) 5 beakers, 2) 3 large potatoes (same type), 3) 15 pieces of potato without skin (roughly the same size), 4) 10 pins, 5) 50 ml of distilled water, 6) 50 ml salt solution 0. 50, 7) 50 ml salt solution 1. 00, 8) 50 ml salt solution 1. 50, 9) 50 ml salt solution 2. 00 10) Scales, 11) Knife, 12) chopping board, 13) cork borer, Prediction & Theory: When the potato pieces are put in to the water there are more water molecules in the water th...
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Al 2000 P Oxygen Molecules
2,956 wordsMembrane Processes Human exposure to pollutants in the air, water, soil and food-whether in the form of short-term, high-level, or long-term, low-level exposure-is a main cause of increased morbidity and death. However, the disease burden attributable to these exposures is not known with any degree of certainty because levels of general environmental pollution fluctuate greatly, methods for analyzing the relationships are incompletely developed, and the quality of available data is generally poo...
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Hydrogen Bonds Hydrogen Ions
1,205 wordsProperties of Water Water is essential for life as we know it on earth. It is used by plants and animals for basic biological processes which would be impossible without the use of water. The origin of all life can be traced back to the water in the Earths precambrian seas. Water is also the universal solvent. It reacts with more elements and compounds than any other substance known to man. Water is a polar molecule made up of on atom of hydrogen and two atoms of oxygen. It is attracted to itsel...
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Amount Of Water Important To Understand
2,002 wordsMeteorology classically defined as the science that deals with the phenomena of the atmosphere, especially weather and weather conditions, is a fairly new science that is practiced by Meteorologists. They are people who interpret weather information from local weather observers, balloons, satellites, and weather stations around the world. In more common vernacular, a Meteorologist reads weather maps, predicts and records weather from atmospheric occurrence. The part of Meteorology that will be d...
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Test Tube Aluminum Foil
2,055 wordsOsmosis Lab Purpose The purpose of this lab is to determine the concentration of solutes inside of a potato s cell. We also want to know the composition of potato water and stuff. Also the scientific Phenomenon studied of diffusion/ Osmosis. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. Osmosis is process by which water molecules diffuse across a cell membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. ...
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Surface Of The Water Hydrogen Bonds
984 wordsWater is the most important substance in our evolution and our daily lives. Without water, life as we know it would not have been possible. This essay will examine the water molecule in order to ascertain how it brought about Earths thriving ecosystem and how important it is to us today. Each water molecule consists of one oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms. The oxygen atom (or the apex of the water molecule) bears a slight electronegative charge while hydrogen possesses a more positive one 1 (f...
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Hydrogen Atoms Fossil Fuels
2,994 wordsHYDROGEN THE POWER SURCE OF THE FUTURE Since the beginning of the scientific revolution in the early nineties the mankind looks for an energy source that is clean and renewable; solution of this problem would be probably the most common thing in our life WATER. Water consists of two chemical elements, hydrogen and oxygen. Each molecule of water consists of two hydrogen (H 2) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. Chemical binding between these three atoms is very stable and strong. Therefore, the reacti...
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H 2 O Mass Spectrometer
531 wordsAMass Spectrometer Mass Spectrometer A mass spectrometer produces charged particles (ions) from the chemical substances that are to be analyzed. The mass spectrometer then uses electric and magnetic fields to measure the mass (weight) of the charged particles. There are many different kinds of mass spectrometers, but all use magnetic and / or electric fields to exert forces on the charged particles produced from the chemicals to be analyzed. A basic mass spectrometer consists of three parts: 1. ...
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Sodium Chloride Permeable Membrane
2,568 wordsScenario Plants in the soil have their roots in a dilute solution of mineral ions. When they are suddenly flooded with seawater, concentration of which is 0. 3 molar Sodium Chloride, they are observed to wilt and become flaccid. Aim The aim of this experiment is to investigate the movement of water into and out of plant cells by osmosis. The cells chosen for study will be taken from potato tubers as they provide a ready supply of uniform material. Background Information Any substance dissolved i...
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Permeable Membrane Water Molecules
218 wordsOsmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region high water concentration to low water concentration. A partially permeable membrane is a membrane with tiny holes in so small that only water molecules can pass through. ? I aim to see if the difference in concentration of the sugar solution effects the weight of the potato. ? The key variables: in this experiment are, the temperatures of the solution, size / weight of potato, concentration of the solu...
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