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Categorical Imperative Conventional Morality
1,105 wordsNietzsche: morality; How ought I to be? Nietzsche abhorred all morality; he felt it is fodder for the mindless masses (the herd). It deadens and destroys the individual, condemns creativity, and gives man no credit to make choices. It assumes man can not know what to do, so it lays down pre-made decisions for him to mindlessly follow. It ignores the nature of human instinct and stifles the growth of mankind. Moralists and philosophers both sought an order for the universe and a basis on which to...
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Telling The Truth Categorical Imperative
1,544 wordsKant: Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative Immanuel Kant's philosophy frames the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative as a procedure for determining morality of actions. This method contains two vital components. First, one creates a maxim and decides whether or not the maxim can be used as a universal law for all rational beings. Then one determines whether all rational beings would want it to be the universal law. There are no exceptions if the maxim passes bo...
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Categorical Imperative Cultural Relativism
978 words"Morality differs in every society, and it is a convenient term of socially approved habits. " Ruth Benedict, Patterns of Culture (1934) Human morals and morality have been pondered for hundreds of years by some of the most enlightened people in human existence. Morals are defined by the culture in which you are born. People's way of life, their cultural customs, and social norms differ greatly across the earth. People's morals are different in every society because cultures are all something th...
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Art And Science Works Of Art
1,145 words... e hard pressed to explain memory away. Memory is a physical effect ( = electrochemical activity of the brain) within a physical system ( = the Brain). It can be preserved and shipped across time and space in capsules called books or articles (or art). These containers of triggers of physical effects (in recipient brains) defy Death. The physical system which produced the memory capsule will surely cease to exist - but it will continue to physically impact other physical systems long after it...
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The Existence Of God Approaches Criticisms
1,227 wordsThere are three major arguments that attempt to explain the existence of God. Firstly, it is important to establish a definition of God. According to philosophers God is an infinitely perfect being that upholds a divine unity of ultimate goodness and of ultimate power. God is referred to as Omniscient, Omnipotent and Eternal. God has unlimited knowledge and intelligence, so basically God is the ultimate model of perfectionism. Though all Philosophers agree with this definition of God, it does no...
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Ethical Implications Of Human Cloning
1,549 wordsCloning has been going on in the natural world for thousands of years. A clone is simply one living thing made from another, leading to two organisms with the same set of genes. In that sense, identical twins are clones, because they have identical DNA. Sometimes, plants are self-pollinated, producing seeds and eventually more plants with the same genetic code. When earthworms are cut in half, they regenerate the missing parts of their bodies, leading to two worms with the same set of genes. Any...
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Number Of People Greatest Good For The Greatest
682 wordsIn Kantianism reason is the sole authority for determining what is ethical and what is ethical must be based on a principle or rule that that must apply to every human being universally, without exception. The rule is based on what Kant calls the Categorical Imperative- they base morality on universal laws or rules and not on individual interests or desires. Universal Law is any personal moral rule that can be applied to all human beings without exception. Kant feels that a person should be prai...
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John Stuart Mill Point Of View
1,414 wordsJustice. While discussing the justice it is important to distinguish the categories of justice itself and the morality. Could law be just or unjust? Any social group should follow some rules which are the laws themselves. The law is a domain of the state which is according to Hobbes is the sovereign, i. e. the structure that consolidates the society and makes it able to resist the laws of nature. According to Hobbes man transfers his rights to the sovereign and these rights should not contradict...
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Goods And Services Guilt And Shame
1,534 wordsThe general issue in the case is that a high school student was given a free copy of the answers to a college entrance exam. He did use the answers while taking the exam, and is now left feeling with a guilty conscience. The man the student turned to for advice, is slightly older than him, and will offer his honest opinion, but the question before us, is what should he say? Is there a way to teach the student a lesson over his wrongful activity, or should he be told that it is really not a big d...
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Telling The Truth Categorical Imperative
1,543 wordsKant: the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. This formula is a two part test. First, one creates a maxim and considers whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rational beings. Second, one determines whether rational beings would will it to be a universal law. Once it is clear that the maxim passes both prongs of the test, there are n...
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Art And Science Works Of Art
2,302 wordsSam Vaknins Psychology, Philosophy, Economics and Foreign Affairs Web Sites A classical point of departure in defining Death, seems to be Life itself. Death is perceived either as a cessation of Life or as a transit zone, on the way to a continuation of Life by other means. While the former presents a disjunction, the latter is a continuum, Death being nothing but a corridor into another plane of existence (the hereafter). Another, logically more rigorous approach, would be to ask Who is Dead wh...
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16 Th Century 20 Th Century
917 wordsEnlightenment s Faith in Human Progress The intellectual movement that swept across Europe and its colonies in the mid and late 18 th century is called Enlightenment. It is known as the Age of Discovery, because many advance in both science and global exploration greatly expanded human knowledge and confidence. Not everyone had confidence in progressing, but for the most part those involved in the process of gaining human progress had no doubt that it would be successful. Many philosophers and m...
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Clone A Human Number Of People
1,297 wordsPhilosophy: The Ethics of Human Cloning In order to make a fully justified decision on whether human cloning is ethical or not, one must be exposed to the background of the subject. To start, a clone is an exact replica of an organism, cell, or gene. The process itself is done asexually with the use of a cell from the original human. It is then placed inside a female capable of bearing a child and is then born as a clone. Along with this comes questions of whether or not it is right to clone a h...
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Genetic Engineering Aristotle Believed
1,912 wordsGenetic Engineering Future Harmony or Future Harm The world of science has experienced many profound breakthroughs and advances in the twentieth century, but none perhaps as great as that of genetic engineering. However, the twentieth century society is not prepared or even willing at times to accept the moral and ethical controversies genetic engineering is creating. Genetic engineering, defined as? the use or manipulation of an individuals genetic material in order to produce desired character...
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Human Rights Act Person Or Group
3,629 wordsI disapprove of what you say and Ill do my best to see that saying it is made a criminal offence. (John Mortimer, English playwright, commentator and creator of the Rumpole series on TV) If we dont believe in freedom of expression for people we despise, we dont believe in it at all. (Noam Chomsky) Freedom Bound The boundaries of hate and freedom are a contested terrain. When we negotiate the boundary of hate we are not only threading our way through a maze of malaise and venom, we are weaving th...
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Science Of Logic Hegel Absolute
443 wordsGeorg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 1770 - 1831 German Idealist Hegel was born in Stuttgart on August 27, 1770, which is now part of Germany. Hegel was the son of a revenue officer with the civil service. He studied the Greek and Roman classics while attending the Stuttgart preparatory school. His father wanted and encouraged him to join the clergy, however while attending a university seminar Hegel became friends with the poet H lder lin and the philosopher Friedrich von Schelling. After their influe...
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Means Of Production Marx Believed
861 wordsHuman freedom is what Marx described it as: absolute knowledge derived from the realization that you are a part of everything and the lack of dependency on material goods. Marx s technique of the and antithesis coming together to form the next incantation of society is in my mind the most reasonable. Where Hegel said history changed as a result of geist, or mind, Marx believed it changed thanks to economic shifts. Marx believed human freedom would come at the realization of absolute knowledge, w...
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Post War Period Immanuel Kant
3,025 wordsThe main objectives of this paper is, by looking at other federations to find out what makes a federation and compare the position of the European Union in regard to these concepts. But first, I will start with an introduction on the integration of Europe, in which federalists had an important say. Federation the ultimate peace treaty Proposals for a federalist unification of Europe came already in the 18 th century. For Immanuel Kant, the federation was a means of achieving a perpetual peace. H...
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Quot I Quot Categorical Imperative
1,553 wordsKant: the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative Kantian philosophy outlines the Universal Law Formation of the Categorical Imperative as a method for determining morality of actions. This formula is a two part test. First, one creates a maxim and considers whether the maxim could be a universal law for all rational beings. Second, one determines whether rational beings would will it to be a universal law. Once it is clear that the maxim passes both prongs of the test, there are n...
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Late Eighteenth Century Prejudice And Superstition Enlightenment
846 wordsThe The Enlightenment The Enlightenment The eighteenth century s most exciting intellectual movement is called the Enlightenment. It s powerful dedication to reason and rational thought that until quite recently the era was sometimes characterized as the Age of Reason. The turn toward what became known by 1750 as the Enlightenment began in the late seventeenth century. Three factors were critically important in this new intellectual ferment. One, was a revulsion against monarchical and clerical ...
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