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Example research essay topic: Red Blood Cells High Blood Pressure - 2,274 words

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Most people know that good nutrition is important for good health. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) are the daily amounts of essential nutrients that will prevent deficiencies in most healthy people. But not many people realize the importance a healthy diet can have on their health for years to come. To help us stay healthy a person should eat a variety of foods, maintain ideal weight, avoid too much fat, and eat foods with enough starch and fiber.

A good diet helps children grow, develop, and do well in school. It also helps young and older adults to work productively and feel their best. A healthy diet can also lessen the risk factors for obesity and high blood pressure. For our benefit, the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and the U.

S. Department of Agriculture has issued Dietary Guidelines. These guidelines are designed to help Americans choose the recommended number of daily servings from each of the five different food groups; Bread, Meat, Vegetable, Fruit, and Dairy. The Nutrition Facts Label is made to help you buy foods that will meet the Dietary Guidelines. Most processed foods now carry nutrition information.

People need energy and essential nutrients. These nutrients are essential because the body cannot make them and has to get them from food. Energy needs vary by age. Adults need less food than younger and more active individuals.

People who are less active or are trying to lose weight will eat less food and have problems meeting their nutrient needs. Almost all Americans need to be more active, because an inactive lifestyle is unhealthy. In order to stay at the same body weight, people need to balance the amount of energy in food with the amount of energy the body uses. People need to put more energy into daily activities. The pattern of eating is also important. Snacks provide a large amount of calories for many Americans.

Unless nutritious snacks are part of the daily diet, snacking will cause weight gain. Also binge eating and fasting will add to weight problems. Maintaining weight in older people is important because they usually lose weight as there. Some of that weight is muscle. People need to exercise regularly to maintain muscle, to feel better and to reduce the risk of falls and broken bones. The quality and variety of food in the United States allow almost everyone to have a nutritious diet.

Nutrients are divided into five major groups; proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals. Each of these food components have a special function in the body, and all of them together are needed for overall health. The body uses energy to function and keep itself at a constant temperature. Scientists have been able to find out that the body gets its fuel from carbohydrates, fats, and protein. Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are the most available foods in the world. Carbohydrates in foods, like whole grain breads and cereals, provide calories and nutrients and also increase dietary fiber.

Dietary fiber, like lettuce, if eaten daily, can decrease the risk of colon cancer. If there isnt enough carbohydrates in the body during exercise, the body tires faster. Research has proven that a daily diet high in carbohydrates is helpful. Most sports nutritionists recommend a meal high in carbohydrates 3 or 4 hours before an event.

Carbohydrates provide most of the energy in almost all peoples diets. The best sources for carbohydrates are grains, potatoes, vegetables, and fruits. Fats Everyone thinks that fat in the diet is bad, but really the body needs it. Fat provides energy by giving calories to the body.

They are the most concentrated source of energy in the diet. People need to watch how much fat they eat, not do without it entirely. Because fat sources have little water in them, they take up less room, so we eat more fat without getting full. So thats why it is easy to get fat on a high-fat diet. Obesity increases the risk for high blood pressure and eventually for stroke.

It is also associated with heart disease. There is evidence that certain kinds of cancer like colon, lung, and bladder cancer run ipeople who have high-fat diets. It is also known that breast and uterine cancer are more common in obese women. Best sources of fat are margarine, vegetable / plant oils, nuts, meats, cheese, and cream. Protein The main purpose of protein in the body is to build and repair tissues. Most of the bodys protein is located in the muscle tissue.

Every cell in the body is partly made of proteins. As a child grows, his muscles are built from proteins. A person with burns or open sores need protein to heal these wounds. Also, if carbohydrates, starches, or fats are unavailable, protein can be used to supply energy. Everyone needs some protein everyday. How much is needed depends on body size, rate of growth, and each persons healing requirements.

The best sources of protein are eggs, milk, fish, meat, poultry, and nuts. Vitamins Vitamins help your body use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. In most cases, vitamins cannot be made by the body and must be taken from food. Vitamins are necessary for growth, healthy skin, teeth and eyes, and cell formation. They are also important in digestion, mental alertness, and resistance to bacterial infections.

All natural vitamins are found only in living things, plants and animals. Good sources of vitamins are meat, fish, poultry, milk, fruit, breads, and cereals. There are 13 known vitamins, 4 fat-soluble and 9 water-soluble vitamins. Fat-soluble vitamins include vitamins A, D, E, and K.

The water- soluble vitamins include vitamin C and the B-vitamin complex. A lot of people think vitamins can replace food. They cannot. If you eat a variety of nutritious foods, you shouldnt need vitamin supplements.

Taking more nutrients than your body needs wont give you any more energy, but will prevent nutritional deficiency diseases like scurvy, beriberi, and rickets, although these diseases are rare in the Unite States. Taking vitamin and mineral supplements to prevent or give you more protection against cancer has not been proven effective. It has been found that smoking slightly increases the bodys need for vitamin C, but not for nutrients over the 100 % of the Recommended Dietary Allowances. High-potency vitamin / mineral combinations could be dangerous if taken in large amounts. Some side effects are fatigue, diarrhea, and hair loss. More serious effects are kidney stones, liver or nerve damage, or even death.

If supplements are dangerous, why are they being sold? Our laws do not allow the United States Food and Drug Administration to limit the amount of nutrients that go into a single pill. Water You wont find water listed on nutrient charts, but everyone knows that we cant live without it. While we can survive for long periods of time without many vitamins and minerals, it takes only a few days without water to lead to death. Water is a colorless compound of hydrogen and oxygen that almost every cell in the body needs to survive, it contains no calories. Even tissues that are not thought of as watery contain large amounts of water.

Water makes up about three-fourths of the brain and muscles, and bone is more than one-fifth water. In all, water accounts for about one-half to two-thirds of the bodys makeup. One of waters many important jobs is to carry nutrients and oxygen to all parts of the body through the blood and lymphatic systems. Also, it plays an important role in regulating body temperature; the heat released when we lose water through perspiration helps keep us cool. We cannot rely on thirst as the only indicator of water requirements. It is possible to quench your thirst without putting back into your body the amount of water you need.

Thats the reason youre advised to drink 6 to 8 glassed of fluid every day, whether your thirsty or not. This recommendation has special meaning for the elderly, they are less likely to get thirst signals when their bodies need water. Drinking water past the point of thirst also lessens the risk of dehydration for people who live in really hot climates, or athletes and laborers who sweat all the time. Its almost impossible to take in too much water, since the body is very efficient at getting rid of what it doesnt need. Most of the water we drink comes from beverages, including juice, milk, and soft drinks. Coffee and tea also supply water, but these sources are taken daily and they increase loss of water through the kidneys.

Solid foods also add a lot to our daily water intake. Most fruits are more than 80 percent water, and even foods that dont seem juicy or moist supply us with large amounts of water. Minerals Minerals are necessary for good health and growth. Certain amounts of minerals are needed to keep our bodies working properly. The two important body functions that mineral elements do are building and regulating. The building functions have to do with the skeleton and all soft tissues, including the blood.

The regulating functions include heartbeat, blood clotting, maintenance of blood pressure, water balance, nerve responses, and carrier of oxygen from the lungs to tissues. Large amounts of some minerals are needed in the diet because they are present in large amounts in the body. These minerals calcium, phosphorus, sodium, chloride, potassium, magnesium and sulphur are known as macro minerals. More than 100 milligrams of these minerals are needed everyday. Others, called trace minerals, are needed in small amounts.

These are iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride, and selenium. Some mineral elements are considered harmful, such as lead, mercury and cadmium. Phosphorus helps strengthen bones and teeth and is also a part of every body tissue. Ihas more functions than any other mineral element.

Antacids can interfere with phosphorus absorption. If used for a long time antacids could cause severe bone demineralization. Good sources of phosphorus are meat, fish, poultry and eggs. Fruits and vegetables are usually low in phosphorus and are not good sources. Potassium is necessary for the fluid inside body cells. It helps control muscle action and transfer of nerve impulses.

Prolonged vomiting and kidney disease will cause potassium deficiencies. The best sources of potassium are fruits and vegetables. Sodium is found mainly in the blood and fluids outside body cells. It maintains water balance inside and outside the cells. The sending of nerve impulses also depends on the proper amounts of sodium. Doctors will often advise patients to reduce the amount of salt in their diet in cases of high blood pressure, kidney disease, cirrhosis of the liver and congestive heart disease.

A decrease in salt can reduce water holding, which usually is associated with these health problems. Magnesium is important to the normal functioning of nerves and muscles. When there is not enough magnesium in the body, people could have symptoms like muscle spasms, weakness, irregular heart beat, and leg cramps. In malnourished people, a lack of magnesium will cause tremors and convulsions. Since there are too many vitamins and minerals to research in full, I have listed below the essential ones and what each one does for the body. Vitamin A: Promotes good eyesight and helps keep the skin and mucous membranes resistant to infection.

Vitamin B 1: (thiamine) Prevents beriberi. Important to carbohydrate energy and health of nervous system. Vitamin B 2: (riboflavin) Protects skin, mouth, eyes, eyelids, and mucous membranes. Vitamin B 6: (pride xine) Important in the regulation of the central nervous system Vitamin B 12: (coba lamin) Needed to form red blood cells.

Niacin: Maintains the health of skin, tongue, and digestive system. Folic acid: (folacin) Required for normal blood cell formation, growth, and reproduction. Other B Vitamins: biotin, pantothenic acid. Vitamin C: (ascorbic acid) Maintains collagen, a protein necessary for the formation of skin, ligaments, and bones. It helps heal wounds, and mend fractures and aids in resisting some types of viral and bacterial infections. Vitamin D: Important for bone development.

Vitamin E: (tocopherol) Helps protect red blood cells. Vitamin K: Necessary for formation of prothrombin, which helps blood to clot. Vegetarians Some Americans eat vegetarian diets for reason of culture, religious beliefs, health, dislike of meat, compassion for animals, and belief in non-violence. Most vegetarians eat dairy products and eggs, and have excellent health. Vegetarian diets meet with the Dietary Guidelines and can meet all known nutrient needs. The key to a healthy vegetarian diet is to eat a wide variety of foods including fruits, plenty of green leafy vegetables, whole grain products, nuts, and seeds.

Because animal products are the only sources of vitamin B- 12, vegetarians must supplement their diet with this vitamin. Also vegetarian diets, especially for children, need to have the right amount of vitamin D and calcium, which comes from dairy products. In the eighteenth century, scientists learned more about how food helped the body work. And in the twentieth century, vitamins were discovered as essential elements in the human diet. So much is known about nutrition today its hard to believe that 100 years ago rickets was a common disease for young people, lack of iron for the wealthy, and cavitiewere a part of life for children. Two hundred years ago, the average life expectancy was 35 years.

One hundred years ago, it was 40 years. Today, with all our medical advances and knowledge of nutrition the life expectancy could be 75 years. But even with this knowledge Americans still continue to eat too much food that is too high in fat, cholesterol, sugar, and salt! 319


Free research essays on topics related to: red blood cells, vitamin b 12, high blood pressure, hundred years ago, u s department

Research essay sample on Red Blood Cells High Blood Pressure

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