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... 30 %. A dependent of HRD scientists and technicians remained stationed at NHC to compile catalogs of output from a new storm surge model, the Sea, Lake Overland Surges from Hurricanes (SLOSH). These catalogs mapped possible hurricane flooding and required that each basin be meticulously, numerically rendered. These catalogs were then given to emergency personnel in the target cities to aid in evacuation planning. Computer modeling during the early 1980 's involved work on a 12 level nested grid model as well as quasi-spectral and non-hydrostatic models. On going studies at this time included hurricane forecast track errors, rainfall estimates from land based radars near land-falling storms, and air-sea interactions under hurricanes.
HRD and AOC used films taken during hurricane flights to update the long out-of-date sea surface catalog used to estimate surface wind speeds by flight. The dramatic El Nio of 1982 / 83 spurred research into the relationship of ENSO and Atlantic hurricane frequency, and also renewed interest in hurricane climatology. The mid- 1980 's was a period when research concentrated on the new Doppler radar and cloud physics data. Papers were published on heat budgets, storm structure, wind fields, and drop spectra. HRD's micro physicists and radar specialist participated in the preliminary STORM (pre STORM) experiment in the spring of 1985. Pre STORM studied mesoscale convective complexes in the vicinity of Oklahoma to better understand their structure, dynamics, and predictability.
in 1986. The experiment was designed to examine winter storms off the east coast of the United States, with an emphasis on explosively developing storms. Of value in itself, it was also hoped the knowledge gained from GALE would give new insights into rapidly intensifying hurricanes. In 1991 the USAF tried to end its hurricane reconnaissance duties, but under public pressure opted instead to transfer responsibilities to a Reserve squadron. In 1993 they were again designated the 53 rd Weather Reconnaissance Squadron (USAFR).
Hurricane Andrew had a major impact on south Florida and on HRD in August of 1992 HRD will continue on into the 21 st Century as NOAA's focus for hurricane research, with extensive co-operation with NHC, AOC, USAF, USN, other government agencies, the academic community. Now, this is just the history of how long people have had a fascination with hurricanes. Now I'm going to answer all or some of your questions. Q: What is a hurricane and how does it form? A: A hurricane is a powerful storm that measures several hundred miles in diameter. Hurricanes have two main parts.
The first is the eye of the hurricane, which is a calm area in the center of the storm. Usually, the eye of a hurricane measures about 20 miles in diameter, and has very few clouds. The second part is the wall of clouds that surrounds the calm eye. This is where the hurricane's strongest winds and heaviest rain occur.
Hurricanes are born over warm, tropical oceans. Hurricanes are fueled by water vapor that is pushed up from the warm ocean surface, so they can last longer and sometimes move much further over water than over land. The combination of heat and moisture, along with the right wind conditions, can create a new hurricane. A: Hurricane season officially kicks of on June 30 and it ends on November 30, the Atlantic basin shows it's peak of the season with 78 % of the tropical storms, 87 % of them minor and 96 % of them major hurricanes.
The Northeast Pacific basin has a broader peak with activity beginning in late May or early June and going on until late October, early November with it's peak in late August, early September. The Northwest Pacific basin has tropical cyclones all year round regularly though. But in February and the first half of March it's rather quiet with it's peak season in late in April to June and late September to early December. Globally, September is the most active month and May is the least active month. A: Experience shows that the use of short, distinctive given names in written as well as spoken communications is quicker and less subject to error than the older more cumbersome latitude-longitude identification methods.
The practice of naming hurricanes solely after women came to an end in 1978 when men's and women's names were included in the Eastern North Pacific storm lists. In 1979, male and female names were included in lists for the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico. These advantages are especially important in exchanging detailed storm information between hundreds of widely scattered stations, airports, coastal bases, and ships at sea. The use of easily remembered names greatly reduces confusion when two or more tropical storms occur at the same time.
For example, one hurricane can be moving slowly westward in the Gulf of Mexico, while at exactly the same time another hurricane can be moving rapidly northward along the Atlantic coast. In the past, confusion and false rumors have arisen when storm advisories broadcast from one radio station were mistaken for warnings concerning an entirely different storm located hundreds of miles away. Below is a chart of the six-year list of names for Atlantic storms Arlene Alberto Allison Arthur Ana Alex Cindy Chris Chantal Cristobal Claudette Charley Dennis Debby Dean Dolly Danny Danielle Emily Ernesto Erin Edouard Erika Earl Floyd Florence's Felix Fay Fabian Frances Gert Gordon Gabrielle Gustav Grace Gaston Harvey Helene Humberto Hanna Henri Hermine Irene Isaac Iris Isidore Isabel Ivan Jose Joyce Jerry Josephine Juan Jeanne Lenny Leslie Lorenzo Lili Larry Lisa Maria Michael Michelle Marco Mindy Matthew Nate Nadine Noel Nana Nicholas Nicole Philippe Patty Pablo Paloma Peter Paula Rita Rafael Rebekah Rene Rose Richard Stan Sandy Sebastien Sally Sam Share Vince Valerie Van Vicky Victor Virginie Wilma William Wendy Wilfred Wanda Walter A: Hurricanes are categorized just like tornadoes. Tornadoes are categorized by how much they "eat" meaning how much they destroyed. Hurricanes are categorized by wind speed, damage, and storm surge. Below are the listing of the categories in which hurricanes are categorized in.
the categories are used to decipher how powerful or intense the hurricane really was. Light damage: some coastal flooding Moderate damage: roofs, doors, windows, flooding Extensive damage: to buildings, flooding washes away small coastal structures Extreme damage: Total destruction to doors, windows, roof failure, some walls Devastating damage: buildings, roofs, structures destroyed. Below are the deadliest hurricanes that ever hit the U. S. # +Moving more than 30 miles per hour; @ Some 345 of these lost on ships at sea; # More than 500 of these lost on ships at sea; 600 - 900 estimated deaths. In conclusion, hurricanes are I think a wonder of God. There is so much more to the wonders of hurricanes.
This is just the tip of the iceberg of what exactly is a hurricane and how do you track it. I hope my report gave you a more of a better idea of how hurricanes are tracked and how they form. Bibliography: Bibliography Author Unknown. "History of Hurricane Naming" April. 1998 (last updated) online. U. S. Today available: web Author Unknown. "When, Where Hurricanes Hit" Dec. 1998 (last updated) online.
available: http: //www. uas today. com / weather /hurricane / whc limo . htm
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Research essay sample on Gulf Of Mexico Tropical Storms
