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From Rags to Riches. The Stock Market Almost everyone in this world, has the same dream of never having to go to work, to just be extremely wealthy. I am not an exception to that, the only problem with this dream is people don t know how to obtain this goal. There are many different ways to go about this, but my choice is taking the money I already have and investing in the stock market.
I am not at all an expert on the stock market, the only involvement with the stock market was in 6 th grade, with the Stock Market Game. I have heard the stories of people investing in companies and becoming extremely wealthy. In my I-Search Paper I will investigate how to get started investing in the stock market and how to learn to make the most money of your money in the stock market. I am only 19 years old and have people already talking to me about saving for my retirement. From my parents, all the way to the Presidential candidates, and I can t believe it. I want to spend like crazy, I am young and retirement in my eyes is a long way away.
But, I also know that if I do act foolish at a young age with my money, that later on in life I will regret it. My Father is 68 years old and is still working, I don t want to be working at 68. The stock market to me seems like the safest way to earn money for retirement. As I see it, this will allow me to save a little less because I will be getting back a larger return than just a savings account with the bank. As I see people drive past me in there new fancy car, I wonder if I will ever be able to afford one and how did they get the money to afford it.
I don t want to wonder I want to know that I will be financially able to buy what I want. I think that this seems very materialistic, but in the world we live in today, everyone wants to have the best. The stock market seems to challenge people in it s complexity, I am hoping that in my research that I find it easier than assumed. In the Sacramento Bee there is an article that is published every week written by the Motley Fools, which gives advice to the non-professional or new investors.
They take all the technical stock market terms and put them in Laymen s terms. I found out that these Motley Fools have a book out called The Motley Fool Investment Guide, I am going to use that book for information. I also plan to talk to my mothers friend who is an Investment Consultant for Fidelity. The Internet will also play a big role in obtaining information for my report.
The Internet can connect me to so many resources, that I think it will be the biggest factor in my research. I can search the New York Stock Exchange to editorial columns from the Sacramento Bee. Which will let me get different perspectives from all different types of sources. The main reason I choose this topic is that, this is something I know little about. I feel that it is something that should be known very well.
I actually thought of just choosing a topic where I knew a lot, but figured that this was a great opportunity to learn the stock market. I know that the stock market is not a sure thing, but I do know that if I don t figure out how it works soon, I will be behind in my financial goals. The stock market is not the lottery, but it does almost seem to me that it s a higher form of gambling. I am ready to take the risk of the stock market, at least after this paper I will feel a little safer with my decisions in the future. Section Two: My Research In my own thinking, I thought finding information about the stock market would be easy. I brainstormed a certain path I would take.
I would start with the newspaper, then the Internet, and then move on to the library. All of this while reading The Motley Fool Investment Guide and preparing for my interview. I figured that I should have some knowledge of the stock market before interviewing a stock market analyst from Fidelity. I start with the newspaper, going directly to the Business section every morning.
The newspaper has all the abbreviations of the stock market identified and also some other useful definitions. The Sacramento Bee newspaper gave me the bear essentials to learning the how to read stock market page. Also, once a week, there is a section written by The Motley Fools, whose book I am reading, that has small up to the date useful investment tips for the new investor. While still watching the newspaper, I move on to the Internet. Where I will log on to America Online to surf the World Wide Web to find information. One tip that the Motley Fools suggested was to visit the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) web site.
Following there advice that was my first step on the Internet. This site was set up perfectly for the beginner to the everyday investor. The information I received from this one site was tremendous in the history of the stock market, totally over exceeding my expectations. Yet, I still wanted to search through the web to see if I could find any other useful facts I may not have received from the NYSE.
That search takes me through all kinds of sites, from business sites to personal home pages. Most of the business sites had the same information as the NYSE and the personal web pages were just not trustworthy. I also sent out some e-mails to a few friends to get there opinion on the stock market. But, for the most part the Internet had jump-started my research.
The next step in my research was going to the library. The library was full of beginner investment guides to the history of the stock market. These books I am sure would have been more useful, but, it is to late to start reading another book this late. I had to instead just take exerts of information, instead of getting all the information that these books had. I should have realized this would have happened earlier on and gone to the library first. My library visit was probably the least helpful of all my research.
I am nearly finished with the book The Motley Fool Investment Guide, I have gained tons of information from this book. I have gone from talking about how to read the stock exchange to talking about what the Vanguards Index Trust 500 Portfolio is. This book has totally exceeded expectations and has made my research a lot easier to understand. This book has not just been easy to understand, but fun to read with comedy mixed into it. My last step in my research was to interview Alan of Fidelity who is a Stock Market Analyst. Our meeting date was on December 1, because of conflicting schedules.
I had been writing questions for him throughout all of my research. Some questions I have been able to answer myself, but I still have around 35 questions for him. After my interview with Alan Marcum, I felt like a beginner even more. My questions almost seemed so elementary for Mr.
Marcum that I felt like I was just wasting his time. He was very helpful though, even if my questions did not challenge him. I am now ready to get started on the final section of my paper to see all my research come together. From Rags to Riches? Who doesnt want to make the most of their money? Most people want to turn their hard earned money into millions just like me.
How to do that is the biggest question. I think that the best answer is, investing in the stock market. Many people fear that investing is too difficult to understand. But, thats why I am here to teach you the basics of investing in the stock market. When youre ready to invest, you have to start somewhere. The question is where?
How do you comfortably enter a world filled with nonsense and mystery? First, you do it carefully. If you think youre ready to invest but dont know the first thing about it, this is your investment guide. Understanding what you want from investing, and then determining what investments will help you achieve those goals is an important first step.
Begin with an understanding of yourself. What is it you want from your investments? Are you looking for growth, income or some of both? No one investment will give you everything you want so think about your objectives. Another important thing is dont think short term, this is not an automatic thing. You have to leave your investments in the markets for a long time to get the most from your investment dollar.
Put money in the market that you wont need for at least five years, and preferably, ten. You need to make sure that you will have enough money for now. Are you comfortable with taking risks? Stocks go up and down. If you buy a stock and the next day bad news is out and its down 10 %, how will you react? This is the hardest part, were not talking about simple savings accounts anymore.
That s like investing $ 1000 and the next day having it worth $ 900. Is your first reaction to sell and run away? I know I would be really tempted to just get out of it, would you? But a good investor will look at why the stock went down and determine if this is a buying opportunity or whether the company is truly done. If its the former, then an investor will look to buy more stock.
If its the latter, the investor will sell. But for good reasons, not from an emotional reaction. The worst thing you can do is let your reactions take over, you have to be patient. Remember that all stocks are volatile, but they also represent one of the best investing options. Over the last 77 years, the larger stocks have returned about 12 % to investors (Marcum). Thats an average, so some years those stocks went down, but the last few years those stocks have had good performances.
So its easy to get very positive on stocks and point to the great records theyve produced. But those numbers dont tell the whole story because they are averages and include all stocks. If you think about buying stocks, you wont buy all of them. Youll buy individual ones. If you decide you can stand the sudden drops the market will sometimes deliver and want to go into stocks, you might want to consider your first purchase to be a mutual fund. This will give you professional management of your money and good diversification over many industries.
As I see it, mutual funds make you feel safe about your money. If you dont want the volatility of stocks or simply want income, when I interviewed Alan Marcum of Fidelity he said: Then youll want to consider buying fixed income investments. These come in many different varieties, starting with the best first investment you can make: buy a money market fund. You can do this by simply opening a brokerage account, and depositing the minimum required by the broker.
Whatever your initial dollar amount is to invest, youll automatically have the money put into a money market fund at your brokerage firm. This is how you weasel out of taking the risk of the stock market. But, its a good way to earn interest on your money while you learn more about investing. To a seasoned investor, buying a stock seems so obvious. But one of the most basic aspects of buying a stock, actually paying for it, is a question many new investors have. Can you use credit card?
How long before you have to pay for it? Do I need money in the account first? Here are some answers. There are no specific rules that apply to each brokerage firm. Many brokers have very strict and conservative ones while others are more lenient. Youll need to ask your broker what its rules are when youre opening your account so you wont be surprised when youre trying to buy a stock.
In general, the following is most typical for new accounts. When you first open an account, it will most likely be a cash account. That means you settle trades in cash. A stock trade settles three days after the trade date, or the day you actually enter the order and buy a stock. But you may not be able to enter an order to buy a stock without having money in your account first.
Thats because you dont have a track record of paying for stock with the broker. If your credit is outstanding and can be demonstrated through a credit check, youll probably be allowed to buy up to a certain amount of stock, say up to $ 2500 or so. But most people will have to deposit the amount of money theyd like to invest before they enter an order to buy a stock. That means you have to send a check (the most common way of paying for stock) to your broker or deliver it in person if there is a branch nearby and have that check clear before you can buy a stock. Youll earn interest on your deposit on the day you hand over the check so you wont lose any interest income on your funds. Once the check is cleared and the money is free and clear in your brokerage account, you can enter an order to buy a stock for up to the amount of money youve deposited.
You may find a broker who isnt this cautious and will allow you to enter an order with no money in your account, but that is the exception. Again, you are not known to the broker so you must establish a pattern of payment for your stocks. Thats why its important to make sure you have the funds in your account before you do the trade. Then, as you do more trades and you have some securities in your account, youll be able to enter buy orders without putting money in your account first.
Then its important that you pay the future purchases on time. This part cant be emphasized strongly enough. Make sure your payments for your trades, usually checks, are made by the third business day after you purchase a stock. Dont mail the check on the settlement day or even the day before. The check has to be in the brokers hands by settlement date. Thats because someone has sold the stock to you, and that party is looking for its money, just as you would if you sold a stock.
So if the broker doesnt have your money to give to the selling broker, it has to pay the money from its own account. Brokers hate to do that (just as you and I do when we have to cover for someone elses commitments). Thats why you have to have the money in your account by settlement date. Brokers dont want to have to write a check from their own account for you. They want your money because you entered the order and are now responsible for the trade. Conversely, when you sell a stock, and you want your money on settlement date, you will receive it, whether or not the broker has received it from the person to whom the stock was sold.
It works both ways. If you dont pay for your purchases on time, your account becomes restricted. That means you can only buy securities if the money is in the account before you enter the trade (208 Gardener). A restricted account can be a real pain, especially if you want to take advantage of a market dip.
By making sure your checks are in by settlement date, you wont have to worry about having your account restricted. And once in a while, an investor will not respond to a brokers calls to pay for stock. By the way, thats why youre not allowed to use a P. O Box in your application (NYSE). The broker has to be able to reach you. You have to give an address and a phone number.
When the broker is ignored after repeated tries to the client, the stock is sold out of the account. If there is a loss, the client is responsible for it. If there is a profit, the client must first pay for the stock before receiving the profit. And then the account is closed. Theres been some talk of using a credit card to buy stock, and some firms have offered this to highly credit worthy investors.
But in general, it has not been widely used. Even if you have the opportunity, dont use your credit card to pay for stock. The interest on the borrowed money is at least 18 % and if you make that in a year on a stock, youre doing very, very well. Also, there is always a fee for taking a cash advance which is what buying a stock is. And finally, youre borrowing money to buy something that might go down. Imagine owing the credit card and having a stock thats worth less than the debt.
If this option is available, dont use it. Buying stock is easy. You just have to keep certain dates in mind and develop a good pattern of paying for them. It makes buying and selling stocks in the future much easier.
I hope you found this informative and taught you the begging of how to invest. Good Luck! ! 10 Works Cited Gardner, David and Tom. The Motley Fool Investment Guide. New York: Simon &# 038; Schuster, 1997. Marcum, Alan. Fidelity Investment Advisor.
Personal Interview. 1 December 2000. New York Stock Exchange URL: web (28 Dec. 2000)
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Research essay sample on York Stock Exchange Stock Market
