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The United States of America is a country that was founded on the basic principles of freedom and liberty. This often leaves it with a reputation as a land full of hope, where anything is possible as long as one is willing to work hard for it. Unfortunately, this idea is not always true. Frederick Douglas, who was born a slave, did not have the privilege of this aforementioned freedom, liberty, and social mobility. Even though he was an exceptionally bright man, he was enslaved and persecuted because of his skin color. His life represents both the failure and success of the American dream, with the failure being the extremely more dominant, because of the color of his skin.
The most fundamental of aspect of the American dream is that of freedom and liberty. Relative to other countries, America was going above and beyond the call of duty to give its citizens these freedoms and rights. The country was founded with a main focus on freedom from Tyranny. This is shown by the following excerpt from the Declaration of Independence: The history of the present King of Great Britian is a history of repeated injuries and ununsurpations, all having direct object the establishment of Tyranny over these states. When the Constitution was written the first ten amendments were a bill of rights. The amendment the was most powerful was the ninth.
The enumeration in the Constitution of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people. This amendment means that any rights that were not mentioned in the constitution are still held by the people. This includes any god given rights that all human beings are given. All of these rights to freedom and liberty that are clearly spelled out hold a lot of weight in the American Dream.
This leads to the first reason why Frederick Douglass life represented the failure of the American dream. Being born a free man is no doubt a god given right. And in a country that goes to great troubles to make sure each specific right is spelled out, it would seem obvious that the freedom to belong to yourself was one of those rights. This is why it is so outlandish and hypocritical that slavery existed in America. Frederick Douglas was born a slave and shipped around the country just as a piece of property. From the time he was a young boy he had a notion of what being free was and that that is what he should be, even though all he was seeing was the ownership of his people. (Quote where he says he felt freedom) Feeling this yearning from freedom at such a young age shows that being free was a god given right or Law of nature, as Jefferson so eloquently stated in the Declaration of Independence.
With all of this is mind it is very clear Douglass being born in to slavery was a definite failure of the American Dream. In the Declaration of Independence one of the most famous portions goes as follows: We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed to certain unreliable rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness. This pursuit of happiness is a very important part of the American dream, for it is the result of all the rights that were layed out. By being allowed these rights a person is free to pursue happiness in their life, whatever happiness may be to them. It is very ironic that when Douglass finally got his first taste of freedom he had to be deceptive in sneaking away from his owner, just as the writers of the constitution were deceptive in their definition of man. Once Douglass escaped from slavery he was surprised to find that the north also a very racist place.
Not only did the majority of northern whites still feel that blacks were interior, New York was full of people looking to turn in fugitive slaves. Frederick also found that his abolitionist friends were not free from this prejudice. At gatherings they often asked Frederick to tell the same stories about when he was a slave, instead of letting him express opinions and philosophies on slavery. Some even went so far as to tell Frederick to talk more like a slave so the audience could the full effect. So, though Douglas had finally escaped to a free state, he was still unable to fully pursue the happiness that is such an integral part of the American dream. The final and more specific part of the American Dream is that of having equal opportunity to move up in the world.
This can be looked upon as ones ability and oppurtunity to make an upward move concerning their life. This idea comes back to the reasoning that, if someone is willing to work hard enough, they can achieve anything in America. Andrew Carnegie conveys this idea in his speech given at the University of Pittsburgh called A Talk to Young Men. In this speech he talks about how to be a self made man and rise up in the upper ranks of an industrialized company...
aim high... I would not give a fig for a young man who does not already see himself the partner or the head of an important firm. Carnegie was looking at the dream from more of an economic stand point, but it reaches deeper than that. One can work hard achieve something good in many different aspects of life. It does not always have to be looked upon as only personal gain. This embodies the one part of the American Dream Fredrick Douglas was able to achieve.
Once Frederick had been in the abolitionist movement for a while he became very active in writing for the anti-slavery newspaper, The Liberator. Though he was writing, and traveling around to do speeches with abolitionists, Frederick was beginning to have different views than the people he was with. Instead of just going along with the flow Frederick took the initiative to start his own anti-slavery journal, with his own philosophy and views as its base. Though he found much oppositions and discouraging words he still stuck with his goal. Frederick knew that starting this paper was a daunting task.
It is not concealed however that the maintenance of such a journal under the circumstances has been a work of much difficulty... But in the spirit of the American dream Douglass simply worked hard to achieve what he wanted. He was obviously successful because the paper three thousand subscribers. This fit the idea in the American dream that states, if one is willing to work hard enough they can achieve anything in America, and Frederick worked very hard on that paper. So, Frederick did experience a success of the American dream in this aspect.
But one must feel it was a bit tainted, since he was doing this to try to get justice for his people. Frederick Douglasss life did not represent the success of the American dream. He was born a slave and witnessed all of the harsh brutalities that come with slavery. He experience no freedom as a slave, and was just a piece of property. His strong yearning for freedom led him to flee his master, only to find he was now looked upon by most as a free inferior black man. This strongly lessened his ability to pursue happiness.
He did find a slight success in the American dream through his paper, but it was tainted because he was trying to get justice for his oppressed people. In Douglass life the failures of the American dream far outweigh the successes, and one will find the reason for this imbalance is simply the color of Douglass skin. 32 a
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