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Example research essay topic: Nerve Cells Withdrawal Symptoms - 606 words

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If you have ever seen "The Wizard of Oz" then you " ve seen the poppy plant. This plant is the source of a group of drugs called opiates. The Latin name for this poppy, Paper Somniferum, literally means "the poppy that makes you sleepy. " This class of drugs has many legitimate medical uses, but it is often abused. Many people find the effects of the opiate narcotics very desirable, and it for this reason that the opiates are often abused.

Opiates are made from opium, a white liquid in the poppy plant. If you have ever heard of heroin, morphine or codeine, you should know that they all are all derived from opium. There are also Opiates produce a quick, intense feeling of pleasure followed by a sense of well-being and a calm drowsiness. But they can also become an addiction.

If someone uses opiates again and again, his or her brain is likely to become dependent on them. Nerve Cells Experience Addiction & Withdrawal What happens to make a person and his or her brain become addicted to an opiate? Long term opiate use changes the way nerve cells in the brain work. These cells grow so used to having the opiate around that they actually need it to work normally.

If opiates are taken away from dependent nerve cells, many cells become overactive. Eventually, these cells will work normally again, but in the meantime, they cause a wide range of symptoms in the brain and body. These are known as withdrawal symptoms. Have you ever had the flu? You probably experienced symptoms such as aching, fever, sweating, shaking or chills. These are similar to withdrawal symptoms, but withdrawal symptoms are much worse.

Yuck! Within the limbic system, brainstem and spinal cord, there are places on certain nerve cells that recognize opiates. When stimulated by opiates, these sites -- called opiate receptors -- trigger responses in the brain and body. Scientists have identified three types of opiate receptors: delta, mu and kappa (named after letters in the Greek alphabet: Delta, Mu, Kappa).

Each of these receptors is involved in different brain functions. For example, mu is responsible for the pain-relieving effects of the drug morphine. After years of experiments, scientists have discovered how to copy ("clone") the genes that control the production of opiate receptors. Now it will be easier for researchers to make opiate receptors and study how opiates affect nerve cells.

This discovery may lead to other exciting developments, such as better treatments for opiate addiction. Did you know that some opiates can have important medical uses? They " re powerful pain killers, and doctors sometimes prescribe them to control severe diarrhea. If you look on a cough medicine label, you might find that codeine is one of the ingredients. When used properly for medical purposes, opiates don't produce an intense feeling of pleasure, and patients have very little chance of becoming addicted. Your brain produces its own versions of opiates, called endogenous opioids.

These chemicals act just like opiates, binding to opiate receptors. Endogenous opioids are your body's way of controlling pain. If you " ve ever felt pleasantly relaxed after exercising a lot, that feeling was probably caused by the release of this natural chemical in your brain. There's still a lot that scientists don't know about the effects of opiates on the brain. Maybe someday you will make the next big discovery.

Bibliography: 8, 1 ' 11 = 15. , 4 #Planet Vegeta 15, . 11 = 8 ' National Institute on Drug Abuse National Institutes of Health http: // 165. 112. 78. 61 /MOM/MOM Index. html web


Free research essays on topics related to: opiate, opiates, receptors, withdrawal symptoms, nerve cells

Research essay sample on Nerve Cells Withdrawal Symptoms

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