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Example research essay topic: Hudson Bay Company Rocky Mountains - 781 words

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John McLoughlin was one of the most influential figures of the fur trade and settlement periods of Pacific Northwest history. Chief Factor of the Columbia District of the British Hudson's Bay Company, he reigned as a benevolent autocrat, befriended Americans, and eventually became an American citizen at Oregon City. He was born in Quebec in 1784 and trained as a physician near Montreal. He became a physician and traveled to the Northwest region in 1824 as a representative of the Hudson Bay Company.

Here he occupied the position of Chief Factor from 1825, when the regional headquarters of the company was moved from old Fort Astoria to Fort Vancouver, until his retirement in 1845. During his reign as Chief Factor, Dr. John McLoughlin directed the operations of the fur trade in all the country west of the Rocky Mountains and north of the California line, as well as the more localized activities of agriculture, livestock raising, saw milling, flour milling, dairying, and salmon fishing. From 1825 to 1843, when the provisional government was first established by the settlers in the Willamette Valley, he was the undisputed governor of the vast area bounded by the Rocky Mountains on the east, Mexican territory (California) on the south, the Pacific Ocean on the west and the Russian settlements on the north. Dr. John McLoughlin exercised control over the Indians of the region, welcomed and provisioned missionaries and settlers, encouraged schools and church instruction and for a number of years was the only medical practitioner in the region.

His contributions to the development of the Northwest region in general and the Oregon country in particular make him truly deserving of the title by which he is often referred to, ? Father of the Oregon? In 1857, the man who had ruled an empire two and a half times the size of Texas, died broken and bitter. He was 75 at the time. Five years later, in an act of penitence, the legislature of the new State of Oregon restored his land to his heirs. Time Line 1784 John McLoughlin was born in Riviere du Loup, St.

Lawrence, Canada. 1798 Begins medical apprenticeship. 1803 Begins the practice of medicine in Montreal. After a few months attaches himself to the North West Company as resident physician at Fort William, on Lake Superior. 1812 McLoughlin marries Marguerite When McKay, by whom he had four children. 1821 North West Company merges with Hudson's Bay Company. McLoughlin is put in charge of Hudson's Bay Companys Fort William on Lake Superior. 1824 The Hudson's Bay Company sends McLoughlin west to become Chief Factor of the Columbia District with headquarters then at Fort George, at the mouth of the Columbia River. 1825 The headquarters are transferred to Ft. Vancouver. 1827 McLoughlin oversees the building of the first lumber mill in the Pacific Northwest. 1829 The Hudson's Bay Company, under Dr. McLoughlin, takes a land claim at The Falls and encourages former trappers to settle nearby in French Prairie. 1834 Jason Lee is welcomed and aided by Dr.

McLoughlin. 1836 Marcus and Narcissa Whitman are welcomed to Fort Vancouver by Dr. McLoughlin. 1842 McLoughlin surveys and lays out the town site of Oregon City, replacing the commonly used name of Willamette Falls. 1842 John McLoughlin, Jr. (the doctors second son) is shot and killed. 1842 Doctor McLoughlin becomes a Roman Catholic. 1842 The first four American migrations (1842 1845) are protected, aided and supplied by Dr. McLoughlin. 1843 Hudson's Bay Company opens a store in Oregon City. 1844 Oregon City is incorporated by the Provisional Government. 1846 McLoughlin leaves service of Hudson's Bay Company and takes up residence at Oregon City. 1848 Joseph McLoughlin (oldest child of Dr. McLoughlin) dies near Champoeg, Oregon. 1849 John McLoughlin and Robert Moore make application to the county court to keep a ferry across the Willamette River to and from Oregon and Linn counties. 1849 McLoughlin makes Declaration of Intention to become an American citizen. 1850 A clause is inserted into the Oregon donation land law which strips McLoughlin of his land claim near Willamette Falls. 1851 McLoughlin becomes an American citizen. 1851 - Doctor McLoughlin is elected mayor of Oregon City. 1857 Doctor John McLoughlin dies. 1889 A portrait of John McLoughlin is accepted by Governor Pennoyer and placed in the Oregon Senate chamber. 1941 The McLoughlin house is designated as a National Historic Site by the United States Department of the Interior. 1953 A statue of Dr. John McLoughlin is unveiled in the National Statuary Hall in Washington D. C. 1957 Dr.

John McLoughlin given title Father of Oregon by Oregon Legislative Assembly. 1970 Dr. and Mrs. John Mcloughlin's graves are moved to Oregon City.


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Research essay sample on Hudson Bay Company Rocky Mountains

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