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Down Syndrome: An Informative Essay Down Syndrome is the name for babies born with a disorder related to their chromosomes. It is caused when meiosis occurs and an error occurs in the cells development. The reason for this defect is often because the parent is over 40 or for some other reason their meiosis is not Up to par. The actual defect is an extra chromosome is developed during cell development.
The abnormal development results in 47 chromosomes rather than the usual 46 (23 from each parent). This extra gene causes problems in the childs physical and mental development. There are an estimated 5000 babies with Down Syndrome born in America every single year. While the chances of having a Down Syndrome baby are slim, (1 in 1000) it is still an issue that to-be parents should discuss and prepare for.
People with Down Syndrome are identified by many physical characteristics. Some of these are: larger or almond shaped eyes (sometimes Brush field spots on the irises), smaller than normal features, such as smaller ears or a smaller nose, short stubby fingers, a single palmar crease on their hands, and having exceptional social intelligence. Because Down Syndrome is cause by a cell abnormality during meiosis, it can not really be proven that Down Syndrome is hereditary. A perfectly healthy mother could have a Down Syndrome baby even though there was never any sign of the disorder in her pedigree. There are however, three different kinds of Down Syndrome. 95 % of Down Syndrome babies have Trisomy 21.
This is the presence of extra genetic material on the 21 st pair of chromosomes. Around 4 % have what is called Translocation. This is where the extra chromosome 21 decided to break away and attach itself to another chromosome. The last 1 % is made up of those with Mosaicism. This is where some cells have Trisomy 21 while others do not. There is no cure for Down Syndrome.
There is also not way to prevent it. Once faced with the fact you have a Down Syndrome baby however, the baby will need various kinds of checks and treatment to help it live. Down Syndrome babies have a very high rate of congenital heart defects. In fact 30 % to 50 % have these defects. An echocardiogram is a way to check babies for any signs of defect and start the child on treatment. Down Syndrome babies also require more effort and time in teaching them things because they learn at a much slower rate.
In the case that I find out I am going to be the father of a Down Syndrome child, I would keep the child even though it would be very hard on me and my wife. Even though our child would not be the next Einstein or even close, a life is a life regardless of its intelligence and I would do my best to guide my new-born child through life.
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Research essay sample on Extra Chromosome Trisomy 21
