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As a child of an immigrant couple, Carl Sandburg was barely American himself, yet the life, which he had lived, has defined key aspects of our great country, and touched the hearts and minds of her people. Sandburg grew up in the American Midwest, yet spent the majority of his life traveling throughout the states. The country, which would define his style of poetry and his views of society, government, and culture, would equally be defined by his writing, lecturing, and the American dream he lived: The dream of becoming successful with only an idea and the will to use it. Historically, Sandburg's most defining poetic element is his free verse style.
His open views towards American democracy, labor, and war earned him great respect, and even greater criticism. He was considered one of Americas finest poets during his lifetime; moreover, he is now renowned as one of Americas greatest poets of all time (Niven 388 - 406). August, his father, on a typical hard labor job expected from an immigrant male raising a family in the early nineteen hundreds. Odd jobs helped Carl support his family when he was forced to work at the young age of thirteen. Although raised poor, Carl aspired to travel the country and its cities.
He accomplished this goal with great help from the American rail system (Niven 388 - 392). Sandburg went on to become a great and successful writer for several newspapers as well as author to many books of poetry. After brief political success, Carl left office to write for Milwaukee's paper, " The Social Democratic Herald" in 1911. Then, just a few years later, Sandburg starts work at the " Chicago Daily News" (Niven 392 - 393). After a friend, Alfred Harcourt, risked his job to get Sandburg published for the first time, Sandburg's career took off.
Even despite massive criticism based only on his political views, Sandburg sold thousands of books and became highly acclaimed (Lowell, 3012 - 3014). On January 12, 1920, Untemeyer, a writer for New Yorks " New Republic" claims that Sandburg is one of the two greatest living poets of the times (Macleigh 3018). Sandburg wrote a landmark six-volume biography of Abraham Lincoln. A consummate platform performer, he roamed the United States for nearly a half century, guitar in hand, collecting and singing American folk songs. For his own children and children everywhere he wrote Rootabaga Stories, and Rootabaga Pigeons, some of the first authentic American fairy tales.
He was a journalist by trade; his newspaper reportage and commentary documented labor, racial, and economic strife and other key events of his times. But Carl Sandburg was first and foremost a poet, writing poems about America in the American idiom for the American people. The titles of his volumes of poetry testify to his major themes: Chicago Poems, Cornhuskers, Smoke and Steel, Good Morning, America, The People, Yes. (Niven 399 - 400) Sandburg's vision of the American experience was shaped in the American Midwest during the complicated events that brought the nineteenth century to a close. His parents were Swedish immigrants who met in Illinois, where they had settled in search of a share of American democracy and prosperity (Macleigh, 3016 - 3018). August Sandburg helped to build the first cross-continental railroad, and in the twentieth century his son Carl was an honored guest on the first cross-continental jet flight.
August Sandburg was a blacksmiths helper for the Chicago Burlington and Quincy Railroad in Galesburg, Illinois, when his son was born on 6 January 1878 in a small cottage a few steps away from the roundhouse and railroad yards. Carl August Sandburg was the second child first son of the hardworking Sandburg's. He grew up speaking Swedish and English, and, eager to be assimilated into American society, he Americanized his name. In 1884 or 1885, " somewhere in the first year or two of school, " he began to call himself Charles rather than the Swedish Carl because he had said " the name Carl would mean one more Poor Swede Boy while the name Charles filled the mouth and had em guessing? (Niven 401 - 405) There were seven children in the Sandburg family, and the two youngest sons died of diphtheria on the same day in 1892. Charles Sandburg had to leave school at age thirteen to work at a variety of odd jobs to supplement the family income. As a teenager he was restless and impulsive, hungry for experience in the world beyond the staid, introverted prairie town, which had always been his.
At age eighteen, he borrowed his fathers railroad pass and had his first look at Chicago, the city of his destiny. In 1897 Sandburg joined the corps of more than 60, 000 hoboes who found the American railroads an exhilarating if illicit free ride from one corner of the United States to another. For three and a half months of his nineteenth year he traveled through Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, and Colorado, working on farms, steamboats, and railroads, blacking stoves, washing dishes, and listening to the American vernacular, the idiom that would permeate his poetry (Niven 404 - 405). The journey left Sandburg with a permanent wanderlust. He volunteered for the Spanish-American War in 1898 and served in Puerto Rico from until late August. As a veteran, he received free tuition for a year at Lombard College in Galesburg and enrolled there in October 1898.
He was offered a conditional appointment to the U. S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, on the basis of his Spanish-American War service, but in June 1899 failed entrance examinations in arithmetic and grammar. He returned to Lombard, where he studied until May of 1902, when he left college without enough credits for graduation (Niven, 398 - 400). From 1910 until 1912 Carl and Paula Sandburg lived in Milwaukee, where Sandburg was instrumental in the Milwaukee Socialists unprecedented political in 1910.
When Emil Seidel was elected Milwaukee's first Socialist mayor in that year, Sandburg, then thirty-two, was appointed his secretary. Sandburg left city hall in 1911 to write for Victor Berger's Social Democratic Herald in Milwaukee. In June 1911 the Sandburg? s first child, Margaret, was born. A daughter died at birth in 1913; Janet was born in 1916, and Helga was born in 1918.
In 1912 the Sandburg's moved to Chicago, where Sandburg joined the staff of the Socialist Chicago Evening World, which had expanded in the wake of a pressman's strike that closed most other Chicago newspapers. Once the strike was settled, the World went out of business, and Sandburg work with small periodicals such as the business magazine System and Day Book, an addles daily newspaper owned by W. E. Scripps. He contributed occasional articles to the International Socialist Review, often using the Jack Phillips.
Sandburg struggled to find an outlet for his poetry and enough income to support his young family. His fortunes turned in 1914 when Harriet Monroe of Poetry published six of his radical, muscular poems in the March issue of her forward-looking journal. This first significant recognition of his work brought him into the Chicago literary circle (Lowell, 3013 - 3015) Carl Sandburg found his subject in the American people and the American landscape; he found his voice, after a long, lonely search and struggle, in the vivid, candid economy of the American vernacular. (Niven 406) He worked his way to an individual free-verse style, which spoke clearly, directly, and often crudely to the audience which was also his subject. His poetry celebrated and consoled people in their environments the crush of the city, the enduring solace the prairie. In his work for the Day Book, the Chicago Daily News, and the Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA), Sandburg had become a skilled investigative reporter with passionate social concerns. He covered war, racial, lynching, mob violence, and the inequities of the industrial society, such as child labor, and disease and injury induced in the workplace.
These concerns were transmuted into poetry. Chicago Poems offered bold, realistic portraits of working men, women, and children; of the " inexplicable fate" of the vulnerable struggling human victims of war, progress, and business. " Great men, pageants of war and labor, soldiers and workers, mothers lifting their children these all I, and felt the solemn thrill of them, " Sandburg wrote in " Masses. " (Sherwood, 3022 - 3024) Sandburg's themes in Chicago Poems reflect his Socialistic idealism and pragmatism, but they also contain a wider humanism, a profound affirmation of common man, the common destiny, the common tragedies and joys of life. Just as Sandburg's subject matter transcended that of conventional poetry, his free verse form was unique, original, and controversial. Some critics found his forms " shapeless" and questioned whether Sandburg's work was poetry at all. (Sherwood, 3022) Sandburg transmuted the harsh reality of his times into poetry, and the emerging volume, Smoke and Steel (1920), was dedicated to his brother-in-law, Edward Steichen.
As in preceding volumes, Sandburg vividly depicts the daily toil of the workingman and woman, " the people who must sing or die. " The smoke of spring fields, autumn leaves, steel mills, and battleship is the emblem and extension of " the blood of a man, " the life force which under girds the industrial society and the larger human brotherhood: " Deep down are the cinders we came from/ You and I and our heads of smoke, " he wrote in the title poem. Sandburg's American landscape broadens in Smoke and Steel from Chicago and the prairie to specific scenes in places such as Gary, Indiana; Omaha; Cleveland; Kalamazoo; Far Rockaway; the Blue Ridge; New York. In all of these places Sandburg found a common theme, the struggle of the common man, the quest of the " finders in the dark. " " I hear America, I hear, what do I hear? " he wrote in " The Sins of Kalamazoo. " (Lowell 3012 - 3014) Throughout his life, Carl Sandburg influenced the lives of many Americans. He didnt just define American poetry; he defined America through his views on the worlds culture and society. Although growing up as a child of immigrants, Carl was very successful and proved that the ever-present " American Dream" can happen and has happened before.
The poetry that made him famous was unique and original on its own, yet this did not make him an American influence. His views on politics were different than most peoples views, yet his beliefs and his understanding of the democratic system allowed him to express his doubts and express his concerns for the American people. This allowed others to take an honest look at the American way of life and its flaws. Sandburg was, put simply, An American Influence.
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Research essay sample on Spanish American War Carl Sandburg
