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Example research essay topic: Latin American Countries Costa Rica - 1,618 words

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Costa Rica Costa Rica, a mountainous Central American republic located north of Panama, has coasts on the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. The country has an area of 19, 575 square miles and, in 1997, had a population of 3. 6 million inhabitants. Most Costa Ricans live in a central valley where the capital of the country (San Jose) is situated. Temperatures average 15 C in the central valley and 27 C in the coastal areas. Costa Rica is notable among Latin American countries for its longstanding democratic form of government, its high literacy rate, and the fact that its citizens have had almost universal access to health care for over half a century. The San Jose metropolitan area boasts many historic sites, including the National Theater, the National Museum, the Post Office, the Atlantic Railway Station, the Cathedral, the Central Park, the Metallic Building, the Central Market, the CENAC (Arts and Culture Center), the National and Morgan Parks, the Mexico Salazar Theater and the Children's Museum.

In the outlying areas, sites of interest are the Osi Church and the ruins of the Ujarras Church, both in Cargo Province. Costa Rica has only two different seasons: a rainy season that runs from May to November and a dry season that begins in December and ends in April. It's often said that there's no place in the world like Costa Rica: active volcano's, carefully protected rain forests, secluded beaches and undersea coral reefs. A small mountainous country on the narrow Central American isthmus, Costa Rica enjoys an immense diversity of climates, environmental regions and plant and animal life.

Costa Ricans have preserved their nation's invaluable biodiversity in protected areas covering fully one-quarter of the country. Costa Rica is often cited as a model for conservation in harmony with community development and economic growth. At the same time, access to nature is easy: In one day, a visitor can drive to the very edge of a volcanic crater, hike through the heart of a mountain jungle, take an aerial tram ride in the rainforest canopy and soak up sun on a deserted beach. Although Ara antigua, the great green macaw -- also known as Buffon's macaw -- is a magnificent bird by any standards, until recently this species has been a stepchild of Costa Rican conservation.

A model among Latin American countries for its strong environmental policies, Costa Rica is home to an impressive system of national parks and reserves. But a look at a map of protected areas reveals that the land set aside -- about 24 percent of the entire country -- is primarily high mountain cloud forest and secondarily the beachy Pacific coast. Virtually none of the lowland tropical rainforests of northern Costa Rica near the Caribbean coast have received protection. Characterized by evergreens and broad-leaved trees, some reaching up as high as 200 feet, this disappearing wet lowland forest is the prime habitat of the great green macaw. Costa Rica's nine active volcano's vividly remind of the awesome power contained in the earth's thin mantle. The forests on the upper slopes of Costa Rica's mountains and volcano's are frequently draped in mist and clouds.

Mosses and lichens get a foothold on the constantly wet surfaces, providing a home for orchids, bromeliad's, ferns and innumerable other plants. The cloud forest captures the imagination, emanating a sense of ancient and enduring life. Costa Rica has an estimated 850 bird species, including hawks, ducks, toucans and tanagers, plus the noisy parrots and macaws. Monkeys, coatimundi's, peccaries, agoutis, armadillos, sloths, deer, squirrels and bats are commonly seen mammals.

Also frequently found are iguanas, crocodiles and many species of lizards. But it is also gaining in importance as a strategic business center, with easy access to world markets and friendly investment policies. Many democracies have been initiated, but relatively few have survived over long periods. In Latin America, only Costa Rica has avoided breakdown, while once promising cases, such as Chile and Uruguay, each succumbed to authoritarian assaults. The resilience of its democracy, in a region characterized by instability, revolution, coups, and brutally authoritarian regimes, has puzzled social scientists for many years. Costa Rica's strategic position in the heart of the western hemisphere, the government's positive attitude toward new business transactions, the infrastructure, access to international markets and the quality and cost of its labor make this country an ideal place to establish commercial operations.

Political and economic stability made Costa Rica's highly favorable climate for international investments. Another difference to neighboring countries laid in extremely high percent of educated people. Today more than ninety five percent of population is literate and almost sixty percent speaks English fluently and possesses computer skills enough for business communication. The more than seventy five percent of second line managers in international companies is among Costa Rica's population. These factors attract investments not only from USA but also from European countries. The excellent export capabilities includes developed air ways and cargo transportations enterprises the combination of these two capacities makes Costa Rica transportation system the best in Central America.

The government of Costa Rica places no limits on repatriation of profits and of original investment. There is a tax of a 15 % on dividend remittances, but this does not apply to companies established in free zone areas. Positive business environment fosters long-term planning for multinational corporations that seek to establish or expand operations in a country that has consistently been rated as having one of the lowest risk ratings for investment. With its high level of education and telecommunications system, Costa Rica has attracted multinational technology investments from companies like Intel Corporation, Laser Sight Technology, Siemens, Procter & Gamble and many others. As for me the OSI project is best evidence of business friendly environment of the county and I would like to dwell on it to prove my point of view about transparency of national government policies. The pickup truck bounced and rocked its way down the rutted path that the locals, or Ticos, call a road. "Obviously, when we build the project, we " ll have to fix this up, " said Alvaro Valverde, the manager of corporate affairs for OSI Proyectos Costa Rica, as the truck rattled past a couple of Ticos on horseback, the preferred method of transportation on this seaside path.

The Caribbean surf thundered to the east on a nearly deserted coast that flashed by in glimpses through the palm trees - blue water, blue sky and an empty horizon. But Valverde and his company envision a lot of green - and a horizon packed with freighters, cruise ships and more cargo than this part of the world has ever seen before. "What we are proposing, we will be able to handle ships that no other port in Latin America will be able to handle, " said Pablo Barquero, OSI director and general manager. "We will be able to handle ships that even ports in the United States are not able to handle. " (3) The OSI project would take up 50 square miles, the size of a small city. That doesn't even include some of the extras being bandied about, such as a gas pipeline and a fiber optics "pipeline" that can be developed on a parallel track next to the proposed high-speed cargo rail line to make the whole project even more attractive and financially feasible. Different patrons have been proposing and backing these separate projects for years.

The OSI project could put them all under the same umbrella for the first time. For all of these reasons, the government here is taking a serious interest in the progress of the project. President Miguel Rodriquez has four advisors - and one of them, Rafael Sequeira, meets regularly with Barquero and other OSI officials. "If you commit yourself to only a port hub, it's a good project, " he said at one of these meetings in October. "If you do a land corridor, it brings up a whole lot of new issues. It's complicated politically. But these individual different ideas (such as the pipelines) have to be brought all together. " This, he said, was his opinion, not necessarily the government's stance. The project would be more than just a boon for Costa Rica.

It could revolutionize shipping in this hemisphere. For decades, as the ships have become too big for the Panama Canal and the waterway has started to become too costly, shippers and shipping lines have been looking for some kind of alternative. Just about every Central American country, and Mexico, has weighed in with some kind of "dry canal" plan; even Panama has its own railroad plan. So far, though, no country has been able to come through and the shipping industry remains skeptical. "We " ll wait and see and if this is for real, " said Mark Miller, a spokesman for Crowley American Transport, one of the leading ocean carriers in the Latin American trades. On the other hand, Crowley officials have made it clear they are willing to look at alternatives to the Panama Canal. And the OSI dry canal plan would go after one of the biggest cargo lanes on the globe, the transpacific to and from Asia and the transatlantic into Europe.

It would try to connect the east-west trades more than the north-south ones. After years and more than $ 6 million invested so far, after scores of meetings with scores of companies from the transportation, construction and financial fields, and after jumping through more government hoops than a circus dog, people at 051 feel that they and their plan are, indeed, for real. The project is far from being signed, sealed and delivered solely for OSI. The company...


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Research essay sample on Latin American Countries Costa Rica

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