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Example research essay topic: Religion Christianity And Islam - 1,889 words

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Religion: Christianity and Islam Nowadays there are many religions in the world. Christianity and Islam are the most wide spread religions in the world. Some Christianity thinks that it is Christs teachings which were spread throughout the Roman Empire after Christs death and became the state religion of it. Over the centuries it spread to the most countries in Europe and the world.

The central figure of Christianity is Jesus Christ Anointed King or the Messiah. Muslims think that Islam is Gods teachings and Mohammed is his final prophet sent to guide all the mankind with the message of Islam. Non Muslims generally consider Mohammed the founder of Islam. To compare these two figures Jesus and Mohammed, their lives and their deeds we can see the distinct differences between them.

To establish a reliable date of Jesus birth is very difficult. Many scholars tried to do it. The majority of them think that Christ was born in spring or summer as this of year was depicted in the gospels. However as early as 354 Roman Christians began to celebrate it following the December solstice.

Before then they generally celebrated Jesus birth on January 6 to commemorate not only his birth but also his baptism by John in the Jordan River and possibly following events in Jesus life. In the 248 th year of the Discretion Era, Dionysius Exiguus tried to point the number of years since Jesus birth, beginning with 735 year after the founding of Rom. Dionysius decided that Jesus birth had been December 25, 1 before the birth of Christ and assigned AD 1 to the following year. From that time the system BC ("before the birth of Christ") AD (Anno Domini "in the year of the Lord") was established.

Two centuries later the system became the established calendar in Western civilization. The Gospels is the main book testifying Jesus life and deeds. According to the book, Jesus was born in Bethlehem and also was known as Jesus the Nazarene. His mother Mary was a virgin. She was chosen to give a birth to the son of God and the angel Gabriel told her about her mission. Jesus father appeared only in stories about Jesus childhood.

Probably, he had died by the time of Jesus' ministry. All his childhood Jesus spent in Nazareth in Galilee and all other events happened in ancient Israel. Jesus was not an ordinary child. He grew up very quickly and was wise though he was only a child. Most of all he was interested in everything that told about God. But only after his baptizing by John the Baptist he stared his way of public ministry.

At that time he was about thirty. Jesus taught people telling them parables. There were stories with metaphorical meaning. The most famous were the Good Samaritan and the Prodigal Son. Jesus parables attracted huge crowds of listeners. He taught them in the areas of Galilee (modern northern Israel) and Per (today's western Jordan).

During those years Jesus met twelve disciples, his students, who became the Apostles. As the Gospels testifying, Jesus performed various miracles: walking on water, turning water into wine, and raising several people including Lazarus from the dead etc. He became popular very quickly though his deeds were not always considered as ones with the sake of God. Many people, especially authority, thought that he was a son of Satan because his teachings and deeds were in opposition to the Jewish religious authorities. Most of all Jesus was a social reformer. In those times of revelry and cruelty he preached the concept of "Christian love." It was a teaching about faith, service and humility.

He told that people should repent and their sins were forgiven by God. He introduced attaining everlasting life in "The Kingdom of God. " Jesus taught for a period of three years but the influence of his teachings was powerful and influential. Jesus was betrayed by one of his disciples Judas Iscariot who was given thirty silver coins for pointing Jesus in the Garden of Gethsemane. Jesus was arrested and was sentenced guilty for claiming to be King of the Jews as it was said. However, the Roman governor Pontius Pilate proposed the crowed to free one of the prisoners because he was sure that Jesus did not do any crime. But the crowed did not choose Jesus and he was sentenced to death by crucifixion.

Jesus was hung upon the cross and died with the words "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me? . But after his crucifixion, on the third day Jesus was raised from the dead and the day is celebrated as Resurrection of Jesus Christ. The fact of resurrection is one of the most important in Christian faith. It became one of the most honored holidays. It is the evidence of Gods mercy. Jesus death was the perfect example to show Gods humanity and to prove that God will save people from their sins.

The main idea of Jesus teachings was in repentance, forgiveness of sin, grace, and the coming of the kingdom of God. His ideas were interpreted and spread by his disciples and were distinguished from Judaism. For a long time Christians were oppressed. They considered being criminals. They were sentenced to death or were driven out. However, Christians always bore privations with the words of God.

They had a strong belief that God is forgiving, that He saw their privations and they believed in an afterlife and in the resurrection of the dead. Jesus has been drawn, painted, sculpted, and portrayed on stage in many different ways. The works became a pert of Western civilization. The image of Jesus is always canonical. Christian religion had many branches. The most powerful are the Catholic, the Orthodox and the Greek-Catholic churches.

Jesus played an important role in two religions, Christianity and Islam. In Islam, he is known as Isa and is one of God's most-beloved and important prophets. The Qur " an says the same as to the birth and the early years of Jesus life. But he is not the main figure for Muslims. The Qur " an states that Jesus did not die.

It was only an illusion made by God to deceive his enemies. The other difference is that the rest of his life Jesus lived his natural life and struggled against the Dajjal or "Deceiver." The rest of his days he lived a calm life with kindness to humans and without material possessions; and died as a prophet named You As. The most important and powerful figure for Muslims is Muhammad. He was a final prophet. Muhammad was sent by God to guide all of mankind with the words of Islam. He is also named "The Prophet" or "The Messenger"; and the name Muhammad means "the praised one" in Arabic.

There is a certain date of Muhammad's birth and death. He was born in 570 in Mecca and died on June 8, 632 in Medina. Muhammad was born in a rather rich and well-to-do family. Muhammad's father, Abdullah, had died before Muhammad's birth; thats why the boy was brought up by his grandfather Abd al-Muttalib. Muhammad lost his mother when he was six and later his grandfather.

From that time the boy was under the care of his uncle Abu Talib who was a leader of the Hashim clan, the most powerful in Mecca. At that time Mecca was a great commercial centre and Muhammad helped his uncle on trading journeys when he became a teenager. Those journeys played an important role in his life. Muhammad became an excellent traveler and got knowledge about foreign countries. For a long period in his life Muhammad was a merchant. At the age of twenty-five he married his employer Khadijah who gave birth to five children.

All the events happened before the first revelation of Muhammad. Getting older, Muhammad felt a need in meditation and thought. He went to a cave (Hira) near Mecca where he spent nights thinking and praying. Muhammad received revelations until his death. At the age of forty, in 610, Muhammad was praying in Hira while the Angel Gabriel visited him. The Angel ordered him to learn by heart and recite the verses sent by God.

Later those verses became a part of the Qur " an. Muhammad was told that he was chosen as the last prophet to mankind. Judaism and Christianity were not rejected but it was pointed that Muhammad should complete and perfect their teachings. Muhammad's teaching was not accepted and were ignored at first. He and his followers were persecuted. Muslims patiently bore years of hunger and persecution.

Muhammad had to go to Yathrib (now known as Medina) where he organized the first Muslim community. Muhammad broke the link with his own tribe and showed that the bonds of Islam are more important than tribal and family fidelity. He proclaimed a revolutionary idea of uniting Arabia. The time when Muhammad went to Yathrib is known as Hijra or emigration; and it was the beginning of the Islamic calendar. Muslim dates have the suffix AH (After Hijra) because they are counted from the Hijra.

Muhammad came to Medina as a mediator whose task was to unite the Arab and spread Islam throughout the Arabian Peninsula. As it was said Muhammad established the first Muslim community and the non-Muslim settlements within Muslim territories were taxed. Muhammad worked out the Constitution of Medina for non-Muslims which was tolerant to other religions. The tension between Mecca and Medina rose.

In March of 624, there was a battle near Badr. The victory became the beginning of Muslim military achievement. By 628, the Muslim position was strong enough. They expended their territories captured neighboring cities and tribes. Till 630 a great territory was under Muhammad's authority.

Most of the tribes and states were converted to Islam. Muhammad lived a long life. He started his life as a merchant, and then he became a prophet. At the end of his life he was a warrior struggling against infidels.

Muslims have always felt a great love and veneration for Muhammad. There are a lot of ways Muslims show their respect. They always say the title "Prophet", speaking or writing Muhammad's name. A person who criticizes Muhammad must be punished, even sentenced to death. Muhammad should be represented only in an iconic way.

Modern caricatures of Muhammad are greatly criticized. In 2005 there was an accident with the Dutch journalist who published a caricature of Muhammad in a newspaper. There was a wave of indignation among Muslim world. Christianity and Islam are considered to be the most wide spread religions. They differ greatly. The main controversy is in the idea they proclaim.

Christianity emphasizes the way to God lies through suffering and patience; while Muslims think that it is necessary to fight and defend your faith. It is a common point of view that believers seldom make a compromise. The difference in the main aspects of the religions often causes military conflicts between Muslims and Christians. Bibliography: Armstrong, Karen. Muhammad: A Biography of the Prophet, San Francisco: Harper, 1993.

Robinson, John A. T. Rating the New Testament, With & Stock, 1977. Sanders, E. P.

The Historical Figure of Jesus, Penguin, 1996. Warren, Ibn. The Quest for the Historical Muhammad. Prometheus Books, 2000. web


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Research essay sample on Religion Christianity And Islam

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