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Example research essay topic: Effects Of Global Warming Greenhouse Gases - 2,268 words

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... the Kyoto Protocol I already had some information from my college library. But that source provided facts and I need some more information about that protocol. The Wikipedia is a good source of any possible information. The one I found about Kyoto Protocol was very useful for me because it contains all necessary definitions and references, which I also used. Discover the scientific facts on global warming effects.

Retrieved May 17, 2005 from web This source of information I found accidentally. It contains many interesting and useful facts about my chosen topic. And the most valuable thing is that exactly this source provides me information about the experiments, which take part in the field of global warming. John Were, Global Warming, April 8, 2002. Retrieved May 17, 2005 from web This article I retrieved from the site of NASA earth observatory.

The article specially outlines the attention, which is now given to the problem of global warming. It describes the possible effects of global warming such as the inundation of low-lying islands due to rising sea levels, increased frequency of severe storms, and the retreat of glaciers and icecaps. Exactly this article helped me to find a right style of writing and Ive tried to write my paper in similar friendly but firm fashion Kristin Leutwyler, No global warming? Scientific American, February 1994 And the last source from my bibliography. Kristin Leutwyler takes a great interest in the problem of global warming. And it is well shown in her book.

She also takes a great interest in all the hypothesis and myths about global warming. The book provides detailed information on the possibilities and the effects of global warming. This source became a basis for the paragraph in my paper and Im eternally grateful Kristin Leutwyler for such good source of information. Task 6 Organizing Your Research Paper The purpose of an outline or diagram is to put your ideas about the topic on paper. An outline is the organizational plan for your paper. You know your starting point: your introduction and thesis / research question.

You know your destination: some sort of summative and thoughtful conclusion. However, how are you going to get from one to the other? What's your vehicle? An outline helps you articulate what you plan to say and how you " re going to move from supporting paragraph to supporting paragraph.

At this point you can also give your essay a working title. Directions: Create an outline, tree map, mind map, or other organizational structure for your paper. Insert your outline in the space below and attach additional sheets if needed. Introduction Historical part The definition for greenhouse effect The definition for global warming Thesis What causes global warming? What is the influence of it on the Earth? Ecology Economy How to prevent it?

Kyoto Protocol Task 7 Eight-Page Research Paper Write and submit a research paper: Write an eight-page research paper, excluding the annotated bibliography page for works actually cited in the paper. Remember to cite your sources using in-text citations following APA style (parenthetical citations). Be sure to label your document FINAL PAPER. Provide a copy of an earlier draft with an explanation of revisions: Submit at least one earlier draft that shows revisions you " ve made. Include a maximum one page explanation of revisions you made to the earlier draft, explain how the final draft is an improvement over your earlier draft, and describe the strengths and weaknesses of your writing. Be sure to label your document DRAFT.

Global Warming Somewhere in 1827 French physicist Joseph Fourier assumed that the earth atmosphere carry out a function of greenhouse glass: the air let pass in the sun warmth and doesnt allow it to vanish. And he was right. Such effect is achieving thanks to the some minor atmospheric gases (carbonic acid, water vapor) These gases let pass in visible and lower beam infra-red light and absorb remote infra-red light. If that process of warmth absorbing doesnt exist than the average temperature on the Earth would be on the 30 degrees lower and all living processes would stiffen. The process of warmth circulating and the natural greenhouse effect are a well balanced processes every change in the concentration of greenhouse gases leads to the aggravation of greenhouse effect which in turn leads to the aggravation of global warming.

In atmosphere increases steadily the amount of CO 2 because of the world using of fossil fuel (coal and oil). According to The Effects of Global Warming Since 1945 petroleum consumption has increased dramatically, due in large part to increased usage of automobiles worldwide, and the substitution of mechanized farm machinery for animal power. Mankind is in the process of conducting a major, unintentional experiment, that of feeding back into the atmosphere in a short space of geological time the fossils fuels that have slowly accumulated over the past 500 million years. Many other different gases as CFCs, methane, nitrous oxide, and tropospheric ozone also influence greatly on the warmth absorbing process on the Earth. Today scientists do not challenge the destructive force of human activity. Now, they are deeply convinced that the slightest change in the ability of Earth to absorb warmth, including the use of greenhouse gases and aerosols, will change the atmosphere and world oceans temperature and will destroy the steady types of circulation and weather.

According to one worst-case scenario, the temperature would rise by 5. 8 C, which could lead to irreversible changes in ecosystems, a negative impact on the global environment, and a significant sea-level rise causing floods and widespread damage to human society through destruction of human settlements and infrastructures, as well as economic instability and massive food insecurity. (The Kyoto Protocol: Universal Concern for Climate Change, UN Chronicle 41 no 3 40 - 1, 48 S/N 2004) Many scientists debates now on the question of whether the global warming is happening or no. Such polemics are based on the statement that the growth of temperature varies within the limits of natural temperature oscillations. The uncertainty in the question of global warming causes skeptical viewing of imminent danger. The problem consists in the danger of confirmation of anthropological factors.

They may be confirmed too late and there will be no time for changing the situation. So the global warming is the process of increasing the Earth temperature, which is tightly connected with, the greenhouse effect and which may lead to the disastrous changes. In other words the greenhouse effect is the main reason of global warming. What causes global warming, what is the influence of it on the Earth and how to prevent it in this paper I will try to give answers to all these questions.

Global warming effects has and will always vary for natural reasons. However, human activities are increasing significantly the concentrations of some gases in the atmosphere, such as greenhouse gases (mainly CO 2), which tend to warm the earth surface, and anthropogenic aerosols, which mostly tend to cool it. (Discover the scientific facts on global warming effects) I have already written about emissions of carbon dioxide and other gases and their influence on the atmosphere. These gases blanket the world, trapping heat. With the increasing growth of average temperature the scientific prognosis for the future are rather depressing. For predicting the future global warming effects several greenhouse emissions scenarios were processed as computer models.

Here are the results: global mean temperature should increase by between 1. 4 and 5. 8 C (2. 5 to 10 F); the Northern Hemisphere cover should decrease further, but the Antarctic ice sheet should increase; the sea level should rise by between 9 and 88 cm (3. 5 " to 35 "). There also will be some other changes such as extreme weather events. Scientists state threat after 2100, the global warming effects caused by human will projected to persist for many centuries. After the stabilizing of climate the sea level will continue to rise for thousands of years. So what are the future and present consequences of global warming? The global warming has great influence on the crops and weather.

Northern hemisphere contains more land area than the southern hemisphere, and conversely, a lower percentage of the world's oceans. Since oceans absorb more heat than land areas, it is not surprising that most climate models predict faster heating over the northern hemisphere than the global average. In addition, models predict faster temperature increases at higher latitudes. If global warming trends continue, high temperatures everywhere in the US may reduce US agricultural productivity. (The Effects of Global Warming) The soil and the rivers are very vulnerable when the deal concerns global warming. Drastic changes of weather conditions will lead to the flood in some parts of Earth and to the droughts in other. Scientists predict that best agriculture conditions will be in Russia and that in Northern Africa establish rainy weather.

The other significant problem is the possible rise of sea levels. According to The Effects of Global Warming exist two major causes for rising of sea levels. First, extra water is produced when ice melts. Secondly, the natural expansion of seawater as it becomes warmer. The range of sea ice around both poles continues to shrink, as it melts. Even with the level of greenhouse gases present today, the earth may warm enough in the next 50 years or so to completely melt the sea ice located on the poles.

Damage from this is terrible. All buildings and roads, which are situated close to, the water will be flooded. They also can suffer from hurricanes and tropical storms. There is the physically proven statement that global warming causes intense storms and hurricanes. The warmer oceans cause more intense storms. Experts believe that global warming could increase the intensity of hurricanes by over 50 percent.

Hurricane Andrew's devastation in 1992 set new records. According to the National Hurricane Center in Miami, the 1990 season was the most active year on their records for combined Atlantic and Pacific hurricanes. Damage caused by future hurricanes to populated areas will be more severe since higher sea levels are predicted for the next century. (The Effects of Global Warming) Also we must consider the possibility of beach erosion, particularly on steep banks. And do not forget about the danger of salt water intruding into underground fresh water reserves in coastal areas. The United Nations published report in 1992, which proposes, If CO 2 and other greenhouse gas emissions continue with present trends (which is the case), the coastal plains of Bangladesh and the Netherlands will flood by the year 2100. The islands of the Maldives will disappear completely and this all will happen only after the increasing the seat level fro two feet.

As for the agriculture it is an entirely different question. In the economy global warming is a hot issue. Some economists think that climate changing will benefit certain crops and the farming communities. However, property insurers are predicting that worsening storms caused by global warming could eventually bankrupt the insurance industry. Insurance companies are now trying to form strategic alliances, and pool resources which could cover severe economic loss from climatic changes. (Economic Aspects of Global Warming) And if we will cut the production of CO 2 and other gases that will cost approximately 3 percent of the World's total GDP. But even this is not the major problem.

We must realize that some third world countries are unable to prevent the increasing amount of CO 2 and more of that they have no intentions to do so. Sometimes they appeal to those scientists who think that global warming has positive effects. For example, Roger Highfield's reports on how global warming has allowed plants to flourish where climatic conditions previously limited growth. There are many theories, which are trying to give some natural explanation to the global warming. Some scientists imply that the planet is essentially cooling off. Others are deeply convinced that the trend is a false alarm and that it is not a sign of a fore coming global disaster, etc.

I think that global warming is the real threat to our future. It can destroy ecology and the whole life on the Earth and we must take prevention measures while it is not late. So how can we prevent the global warming and all that troubles which it causes. The first and major prevention measure is the limiting of CO 2 production. According to this question I want to talk about Kyoto Protocol. According to the Wikipedia The Kyoto Protocol is an amendment to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), an international treaty on global warming.

It also reaffirms sections of the UNFCCC. Those countries, which ratify Kyoto Protocol, commit to reduce their emissions of CO 2 and five others dangerous gases or limit the emissions trading if they maintain or increase emissions of these gases. This protocol was ratified by 141 countries. Some current estimates indicate that even if successfully and completely implemented, the Kyoto Protocol is predicted to reduce the average global temperature by somewhere between 0. 02 C and 0. 28 C by the year 2050 (source: Nature, October 2003), compared to the increase of 1. 4 C to 5. 8 C between 1990 and 2100 predicted by the IPCC. (Kyoto Protocol, May 17, 2005) There were some clashes between some countries according to the limitation of emissions but the protocol was signed and I sincerely hope that even if it will not put a stopper to the global warming it will reduce it influence somehow.


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Research essay sample on Effects Of Global Warming Greenhouse Gases

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