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Example research essay topic: Needle Exchange Programs Spread Of Hiv - 676 words

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Needle Exchange Programs Th spread of AIDS and HIV has bcom a major concern in th health community and in political policy. Many issus on how to hand th spread hav could much conflict and date. On such is is not xchange programs also known as harm reduction organizations. Th ida being this is to provid clan news and collect usd ons for thos drug usr's who do not wish to stop using drugs.

This ida cam about at th connection btwn dirty news and th spread of HIV was discover. Some took it upon themselves with little resources to go into communities where drug use was heavy and handed out clean needles and collected used ones to get them out of circulation. They also handed out condoms to prevent the spread of HIV by sexual means and medical volunteers to provide on site treatment of immediate medical problems (The Legality of Saving Lives). Many believe this to be a way of reducing the rapid spread of AIDS and HIV.

Those that are for needle exchange programs argue that by making needles scarce they are forcing those that will not stop using intravenous drugs to share infected needles. Another argument for needle exchange programs is that they actually reduce drug use and not increase it. Case studies of legal syringe-exchange initiatives that receive state and local funding in Massachusetts and Washington, outlines how communities have mainstreamed this once-underground concept into the official array of AIDS prevention services. Needle exchange programs have even been supported by the Secretary of Health and Human Services under President Clintons administration who called them life saving intervention. (Loconte 1). However, there are many that believe that needles exchange programs cause more harm than good. Those against needle exchange programs believe that instead of preventing drug use one is promoting or endorsing it and attracting new users and so instead they try to make needles scarce.

Another argument against the programs is that most intravenous drug users die from other health problems, overdoses, or homicide and not HIV tainted needles and the only effective help that can be given to drug users is enrollment in tough-minded treatment programs enforced by drug courts (Loconte 2). Those anti needle exchange programs say that the studies that supposedly prove that needle exchange programs reduce HIV infection such as one published in the American Journal of Medicine and states that HIV infection was reduced by a third are not accurate. Researchers tested needles from anonymous users not addicts themselves to see if they contained HIV but they never measured the portion of participants who became HIV positive during the study (Loconte 3). The possibility of negative results from needle exchange program operations also demands attention. One possible negative outcome is an increase in the number of improperly discarded used needles. Another possibility is that the issuance of injection equipment, condoned by government, will "send a message" undercutting efforts at combatting illegal drug use and will promote more drug use (with more attendant HIV incidence).

A third possible negative outcome is that needle exchanges will lower the perception of risk of injection drug use and thus attract more users to inject drugs and to other forms of illegal drug use. Appraisal of the success of a needle exchange program, then, should also attend to measures of these possible negative outcomes. An observed pattern of negative outcomes would weigh against the idea that needle exchange programs are beneficial. Assessment of the effects of needle exchanges involves the simultaneous consideration of a number of intended positive and unintended negative outcomes.

Ideally, a successful exchange program would reduce the risk of new infection among injection drug users without increasing drug use and health risks to the public. Bibliography: Cost effectiveness: Saving lives and saving billions of dollars web Princeton NJ Day, Dawn. Health Emergency 2001 web Princeton NJ. 2001 The Legality of Saving Lives web Princeton NJ Loconte, Joe Killing Them Softly web Heritage Foundation. 1998 Response of Governor George W. Bush to the AIDS Foundation of Chicago.

Fall 2000


Free research essays on topics related to: spread of aids, hiv infection, negative outcomes, spread of hiv, needle exchange programs

Research essay sample on Needle Exchange Programs Spread Of Hiv

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