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Example research essay topic: Fall Of Communism War And Peace - 1,704 words

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International Relations To start with I want to say that international relations are a complex set of ideas, policies, regulations, believes and ways of communications. In order to define what does international relations mean indeed we need to look closely at the factors that influence their formation and development. First of all I believe that idealism played and plays a great role in formation of the international relations. I will prove the relevance of idealism in international relations in the world today.

But let me first explain what it is and what its core principles. Idealism has six key principles according to Kegley, a neo idealist scholar. The first one states that human nature is essentially good or altruistic, and people are therefore capable of mutual aid and collaboration. The second principle says that the fundamental human concern for the welfare of others makes progress possible. The third principle claims that bad human behavior is the product not of evil people but of evil institutions and structural arrangements that motivate people to behave selfishly and to harm others, including making war.

In the fourth principle it is stated that war is not inevitable and its frequency can be reduced by eradicating the anarchical conditions that encourage it. The fifth key element of idealism says that war and injustice are international problems that require collective rather than national efforts to eliminate them. The final principle by Kegley says that international society must reorganize itself institutionally to eliminate the anarchy that makes problems such as war likely. Idealism can be greatly seen during the after- WWII years. It also remains till nowadays and can be traced in various conflicts between eth countries. It gives the people reasons for a conflict or impure communication.

It also gives the idea of how this international conflict can be terminated through international institutions and the spreading of democracy. On the whole, idealism gives me some faith in this world and mankind by proving that cooperation between nations is possible in this world of anarchy. Another thing that influences the formation and development of international relations is religion. Religion is arguably the most influential component in the lives of people, world wide. It often determines their daily schedules and practices. It is hard then to imagine how anyone could believe that religion does not instrumentally effect international relations.

Besides being a key component and catalyst for war, religion is a tool that unites people across national boundaries. Taking as an example the Catholic Church I can say that it specifically has used this power to make an international impact. This impact can be seen not only in the Catholic churches domestic impact of individual countries, but also in its international impact in times of both war and peace. This tie of shared values and customs across national boundaries is a clear example of the international powers of religion. The Catholic Church possesses a truly strong international power.

It also has a strong stand against nuclear war and what impact this has had on the use or non use of nuclear weapons. Besides the influence that the Church has in the domestic affairs of countries throughout the world is very big. Religion is a component that most neo-realist scholars do not consider when they are looking at the cause and effect of war and or peace. However, with the power of international non - governmental regimes such as the Catholic Church, it is obvious that religion and specifically Catholicism has a profound effect on international happenings. The Catholic Church had a tremendous impact on the cold war and the fall of communism.

It did this partly through a human rights campaign. This campaign had a tremendous effect on the fall of communism. What is the Catholic Churches anti-nuclear weapons stance? According to the Vatican II council "the arms race is an utterly treacherous trap for humanity, and on which ensnares the poor to an intolerable degree. " The reason for this fear is the mass amounts of money and resources directed toward the arms race. The Catholic Church was well aware that the first to lose out on programs or governmental support would be the poor.

For this reason they saw the arms race not only as immoral for its possible human destruction but also immoral for diverting funds from those who needed them most. There is also the question of the morality of using and or stockpiling nuclear weapons. The church has many problems with these weapons that kill indiscriminately. "It [Neutron bomb] would leave property, but not people, intact." These weapons of mass destruction are clearly immoral for use. Not to mention the clear numbers of deaths that would result from a nuclear exchange. The church argued heavily that any sort of nuclear battle is inherently immoral. Some believe that the Catholic Church helped to create what we know now as the Nuclear Taboo.

Some may be surprised by the Catholic churches strong stance against deterrence as a way to prevent war. Michael Walzer states clearly the churches position on deterrence. "What we condemn in our government is the commitment to murder. " What the church means by this statement is the deterrence or the threat of using nuclear weapons is clearly a threat and commitment to murder. In order for deterrence to work the party must be committed to carrying out their threats. In the case of nuclear deterrence both the U. S.

and the Soviet Union were essentially committed to completely destroying one another. It is this commitment to mass destruction that the Church is opposed to. The Church believes that the commitment and readiness to kill is almost as immoral as actually killing. It is not clear yet what sort of impact the Catholic Church has had on the use of deterrence however, the writings and preaching of Church leaders has definitely influenced thousands of Catholics across the globe. But why is the Catholic Church so powerful in formation and development of international relations? The Catholic Church is grass roots organizing at its best.

The structure of the Church is set up in a way that allow for the easy dissemination of information. This structural system allows for the easy dissemination of information to the masses. If the Vatican City wants to make something happen, within the next Sunday they can assure that all parishes throughout the world convey a message to their congregations. This easy way of sending information to the people allows the Catholic Church to be a very strong political force.

Information can even flow in the opposite direction with the people giving information to their priests and the priests to the bishops and all the way up to the Pope. This structure was used during the Cold War for Catholic officials to find out information about what was going on behind the Iron Curtain. This information was often shared with the United States. This was a key tool in the Cold War. This information that was given to the U. S.

gave them a much better understanding of how life was behind the iron curtain. This power of information spreading has been one of the Catholic churches key advantages in International power. Also, the Catholic Church as a religious body is able to better convince its people of its message and purpose. Many Catholics across the globe are greatly influenced by anything they are told in church on Sunday.

This power of God is a major component that sets the Catholic Church apart from other multi-national non-governmental organizations. Probably the element of the Catholic Church that makes it the most powerful is its ability to wage domestic international war on issues. By domestic international war I am referring to the ability of the Catholic Church to take an issue and work for that issue domestically around the world. As a domestic influence in countries throughout the world, the Catholic Church is able to influence all sorts of international issues.

An example of this is Abortion. The Catholic Church is a strong world wide stance against abortion. It is now able to lobby in each individual country for domestic change to prohibit abortion. In this way the Catholic Church is able to have international power through domestic politics. "If religion, in this case Catholicism, exerts any influence on politics, this influence and the way it exerted should surly be discernible in and examination of the abortion issue. " It is clear that abortion is an issue that the Catholic Church has had a tremendous impact on.

Concluding what I said about the role of church in international affairs I want to say that the power of the Catholic Church is a clear demonstration that International affairs are not simply shaped by a structural system of self preservation. By this I support Bruce Russet and his stating that: democratic peace is not just a result of wishful thinking on the part of utopians, as usually claimed by realists, but an empirically established fact. The outside force of the church in both the domestic and international affairs of the world shows that international relations can be shaped by outside forces. The Catholic Church has been an institution that has played a key role in the fall of Communism. Along with a very active Pope the Church continues to combat communism and other world issues.

This is done most effectively through the Catholic churches unique ability to reach thousands on a personal level. This with the help of local priests and congregations can cause world change. It would be simply ignorant to discount the effects that multinational non- governmental organizations like the Catholic Church can have on international relations. Also, through the leadership of Pope John Paul II the Catholic Church has demonstrated with out a doubt its ability to influence not only the domestic sphere of countries but also the international affairs of countries. This has been seen through the Churches dealings with communism as well as nuclear war. Also, it has great ability to influence international domestic issues.

All of this leads to the unmistakable conclusion that organizations such as this can not be discounted when thinking of international policies and war and peace making.


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Research essay sample on Fall Of Communism War And Peace

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