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Example research essay topic: Sun Also Rises Haven Yale University - 2,010 words

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Ernest Hemingway is a renowned American author of the Twentieth century who centres his novels around personal experiences and affections. He is one of the authors named "The Lost Generation. " Hemingway was a novelist and a short story writer. His stories reflect on how he viewed American society of the twenties and the values it held, for example: pain, disillusion, violence, suffering, and death. His style was very different to that of most writers in his time. Instead of using more drawn out or overly descriptive writing, his stories were more of a "get to the point" style, which means, brings up the stories to a conclusion. In all of Hemingway stories, we can observe that he combines emotional relations of the characters.

He is demonstrating the dominance of men over the woman. Hemingway has his own style of writing and he writes down his own biography. Also, Hemingway brings a lot of dialogue to his stories; he tries to bring the scene of people conversations. Ernest Hemingway has been dead for over thirty years, but the amount of criticism on him and on his work only increases. Readers remain intrigued with this modernist who was the apparent contradiction of the dedicated and isolated artist-at-work. Yet Hemingway the writer outlives the countless other personalities the man adopted throughout his life and in his finely written stories and novels, Hemingway brought the essence of the disillusioned yet enduring modern vision to millions of readers around the world.

The Sun Also Rises takes place in France following the First World War. The novel depicts vividly the desire of the American Dream. Former American journalists that now were living in Paris had been trying to find and realize their dreams in America. But they didnt manage to do that and realized that they hoped indeed failed in their own country. For many years America was the country that lots of immigrants were coming to. All they as well as native citizens were searching to find their American dream.

They were dreaming of getting a highly paid job and that would help them to be accepted in American society. Indeed the idea of American dream is a hard work in present that will bring future happiness, wealth and power. In order for a person to reach this American dream he / she had to sacrifice the present joy for the future welfare. Theme is also an important element in the story. In the novel The Sun Also Rises, we are presented a setting of a post-war era.

The post war generation is very important in all aspects of the novel. The wars impact is present throughout the novel. In Stanley Cooperman's Monarch Notes he says of the wars impact, "But although it is only mentioned a few times in the novel, it is ever-present in the power of its effect upon the individuals in the book. All the characters are suffering because of the war, directly or indirectly. " Jake Barnes has been made sexually impotent because of the war, Brett Ashley has lost her true love, and Cohn is unable to relate to those who have passed through the conflict. Each of their lives has been significantly affected by the war. One of the techniques that Hemingway uses in the novel The Sun Also Rises is characterization.

The novel is filled with characters uniquely individual. Scott Donaldson says of the novel, "Yet The Sun Also Rises is much more a novel of character than of event, and the action would seem empty were it not for the rich texture of personalities that interact throughout the book. " Among these personalities include the narrator Jake Barnes. The main character Jake Barnes is a newspaper reporter and war veteran. His life corresponds directly to that of the Lost Generation, for he is the Lost Generation. Jake lives a very simple life, he gets up and eats, goes to work, goes out with someone for lunch, goes back to work, than goes out with friends to eat supper and drink the night away. Jake's life is very similar to all others of that time; he is not an exception.

But Jake Barnes is a man who bears the wounds of the war in a profoundly personal way yet combines his disillusionment with traditional American values of hard work and just compensation. His betrayal and his failure to adhere to his own ethical standards demonstrate that Jake is flawed and indeed a very human male, despite his wound and despite his attempt to remake himself into a gentle stoic. Second is the character of Brett Ashley, Hemingway sets up a woman that is way ahead of her era. The book takes place in the early 1900 's, and Brett seems to be what is known as a "New Woman" in nineteenth-century fiction.

She is portrayed by Hemingway as sexually liberated and freethinking, much more common in our day and age. Another character in The Sun Also Rises that is of great importance is Robert Cohn. In a way, he seems to represent the non-Hemingway man. He receives many of his experiences by reading and by vicarious means rather than by confronting life directly. His wounds are both superficial and self-inflicted; he refuses to pay the price of self-knowledge because he has become an expert in the illusion-creating art of self-deception. Cohn is the last chivalric hero, the last defender of an outworn faith, and his function is to illustrate its present folly-to show us, through the absurdity of his behaviour, that romantic love is dead, that one of the great guiding codes of the past no longer operates.

The main moiety of this story occurs in Spain. Jake and his friends travel to Pamplona for the running of the bulls and than the bull-fighting events. Jake brings along his friends, Brett, Bill, Michael, and Robert. These people are identical to Jake in the since that they lost their purpose in life.

Each has a queer way of expressing it though, Mike would usually become drunk and slur mean comments to people, Bill would become drunk and reside within himself, and Brett would fill the void by acting promiscuous with men. Robert was the only one that stood out from the rest. He actually had dreams and aspirations unlike the others. Because of this, the others usually resented Robert. Hemingway used Robert as a model of example for the others; he seemed to be the only true gentlemen left. Hemingway marked Robert as different also, by not having him drink, this showed his strong will and hopes for a better life, "Mike was a mean drunk, and Robert was never drunk. " Hemingway uses the bullfights as a motif within the story.

The bull and the bullfighter are constantly talked about during the seven-day fiesta. Hemingway uses these symbols as an outlook on life. He uses a young bullfighter named Pedro Romero to demonstrate his point, "Romero never made any contortions, always it was straight and pure and natural in line. The others twisted themselves like corkscrews, their elbows raised, and leaned against the flanks of the bull after his horns has passed, to give a faked look of danger. Afterward, all that was faked turned bad and gave an unpleasant feeling. Romero's bull fighting gave real emotion, because he kept the absolute purity of line in his movements and always quietly and calmly let the horns pass him close each time.

He did not have to emphasize their closeness. " Hemingway uses this to show that if one is to do something it should be all out, not just the motions, and not just a "faked look of danger." Hemingway wants the reader to see that to come out of this lifelessness one needs to participate in it, for that is the only escape from the dullness and disillusions. The remarkable thing about the book The Sun Also Rises was its liberal use of dialogue and how Hemingway used it to carry the reader through the book. There was no plot in the book in the sense that there was no twists, intrigue, or goals for any of the characters and the dialogue was the only thing that moved the reader through the book. Hemingway used so much dialogue that it was difficult at times to follow who was saying what, but I believe this didn't matter because any of the characters, except for maybe Jake, could have been carrying on those conversations. Another area of setting that Hemingway uses effectively is how he is able to shift settings in order to make the novel flow more smoothly. Arthur Waldhorn says of Hemingway's ability to do this, "When on occasion, the emotional strain becomes too great, Hemingway shifts the setting to the privacy of Jakes bedroom and lets him release his subjective feelings through an interior monologue. " This monologue is necessary to get inside his mind and also break from the emotional strain of the previous passages.

Setting is very important throughout The Sun Also Rises. Plot structure is also a technique that Hemingway used in The Sun Also Rises. In the novel, Hemingway displayed an unusual plot structure that was not of the norm. Michael Reynolds says of the this structure, "Any graph of The Sun Also Rises structure will reveal that it is not, in the nineteenth-century sense, a well-made novel with an introduction, conflict, rising action, turning point, falling action, and denouement. Traditionally, the reader expects to recognize the central character and understand the conflict or action surrounding that character. However, in The Sun Also Rises, we open with an introduction of Robert Cohn: Robert Cohn was once middleweight boxing champion of Princeton.

Do not think that I am very much impressed by that as a boxing title, but it meant a lot to Cohn. He cared nothing for boxing, in fact he disliked it, but he learned it painfully and thoroughly to counteract the feeling of inferiority and shyness he had felt on being treated as a Jew at Princeton. At first glance, it seems as though the novel is going off in one direction, when in fact, it is going off in another. As a result of Hemingway's style in the novel, we do not see clearly the central issue of Jake Barnes until well into the book. Next, Hemingway uses a number of devices to create harmony throughout the book. One way he does this is his use of repetition.

An example of this is the bar scene early in the book. Jake tells details to Cohn about Brett's previous marriage and Cohn tells Jake not to insult her, and Jake replies, "Oh, go to hell. " Next, Cohn tells Jake "You " ve got to take that back", thinking he means the remarks about Brett. Jake responds to this "Oh, don't go to hell. " Later in the novel we see this phrase come up again when Jake says that Cohn is insufferable and "can go to hell. " Overall Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises gave a solution to the people of the Lost Generation but showed that it was a lost cause in reality, ' "Oh, Jake, " Brett said, "we could have had such a damned good time together. ""Yes, " I said. "Isn't it pretty to think so?" Hemingway enlightened an age that had turned its backs on the world and shot its eyes to the light of the sun, for it had set on them at the end of the war. However, Hemingway showed them that the sun also rises.

References Wagner, James. Criticism of Ernest Hemingway's works. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1987. Donaldson, Scott. The Sun Also Rises. New York.

Harper & Row, 1978. Silk, John. Characters in The Sun Also Rises. New Haven: Yale University Press. 1987 Reynolds, Michael. The Sun Also Rises: plot, theme and structure. New York: Harcourt Brace & Company, 1987.

Cooperman, Stanley. Monarch Notes. New York: Praeger, 1975. Waldhorn, Arthur. Hemingway's writing style. London: Pahidon, 1976.


Free research essays on topics related to: brett ashley, sun also rises, ernest hemingway, haven yale university, jake barnes

Research essay sample on Sun Also Rises Haven Yale University

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