Customer center

We are a boutique essay service, not a mass production custom writing factory. Let us create a perfect paper for you today!

Example research essay topic: Love And Hate Depressive Symptoms - 1,763 words

NOTE: Free essay sample provided on this page should be used for references or sample purposes only. The sample essay is available to anyone, so any direct quoting without mentioning the source will be considered plagiarism by schools, colleges and universities that use plagiarism detection software. To get a completely brand-new, plagiarism-free essay, please use our essay writing service.
One click instant price quote

... maintains a higher level of eye contact with the members of the family when speaking. While most women tend to give more weight to relations and affiliations, men would usually assert the superiority of their own agenda. Thus, one should recognize that part of the job of nonverbal communication, which makes it more important. In this case, it is its ability to strengthen the verbal signals.

It can negate or emphasize a message or it can make the message strong or weak. The ability of nonverbal cues to spice up verbal signals is very important in making an impact in communication. Interpersonal communication between them can be enhanced more through nonverbal signals. The ability to use nonverbal signals appropriately facilitates a more efficient communication and removes ambiguities that may result in conflict. With more and more couples getting into contact with diversity of cultures, the study of nonverbal communication is now more important than verbal communication alone. However, this cannot be the case with couples with attachment issues during their childhood years.

Meanwhile, Erik Erikson, a psychoanalyst theorist, identified eight development stages throughout the whole life cycle. In his view, for each stage of development some kind of psychosocial crisis is likely to occur. If a person is provided with the right social and psychological environment that is conducive to development, he will be able to deal adequately with the crisis and problems at each stage. If he fails to develop the strengths and skills needed at each stage, he will subsequently find difficulty in dealing with psychosocial crises in the succeeding stages of development.

Of the eight stages presented by Erikson, the first five occur during the childhood and adolescent years while the last three stages occur during adulthood. Following is a summary presentation of Erikson's view on the eight development stages (Clarke-Stewart). There are no longer infants in Michaels household. The infancy happens when the child learns either trust or mistrust. At this stage, he is totally dependent upon others for survival. The fundamental task at this stage is the achievement of a basic sense of trust that someone will protect, care for, and nurture him.

In our culture the mother is the person within the family who is in-charge with providing the needed care; her care-giving procedures will largely determine the establishment of attitudes of trust or mistrust. If a mother (or mother substitute) is consistently affectionate and loving, the infant develops feelings of security and trust. If, on the other hand, the mother is cold, inattentive and rejecting, abusive or inconsistent in discipline, the infant becomes insecure and distrustful. A child who comes to trust the environment becomes open to new experiences, whereas one who comes to distrust the environment becomes closed to new experiences. (Developmental Psychology). During the second stage, the child learns top walk, talk and use his hands. He begins to make choices and express his will.

If encouraged, he develops a sense of autonomy and independence. If thwarted in this stage, Erikson believes, that the child may develop a sense of doubt and shame manifested in feelings of worthlessness and incompetence... (Developmental Psychology) The fifth stage, according to Erikson, is characterized by an identity-formation crisis. The question Who am I and what can I do when I become an adult? confronts the adolescents. His struggle is based not only on societal demands as an emerging adult, but also on the physical changes taking place during his pubescent age. Since an adolescent spends more time with his friends, the peer group now becomes an essential source of general rules of behavior. (Developmental Psychology).

Erikson believes that when it becomes too difficult for an adolescent to establish a clear picture of his self-identity, a sense of role confusion results. Such confusion will reflect uncertainty about his worth as a member of his social group and a confused sense of values. He will find difficulty in how to go about achieving a vocational role or objective in adult life. By establishing a clear ideal of who he is and what he can be as an adult, the adolescent is prepared to move on to the sixth stage which Erikson labels as the age of intimacy. In this stage, the individual develops a warm and intimate relationship with another person.

If such sense of intimacy is not acquired during this time of life, a sense of isolation develops instead. Such attitude is reflected in the inability to trust others in a close and intimate manner. The middle years of stage seven comprise the productive years of adulthood. This is where Michael is at now.

In this stage, the individuals productivity is gauged by his contributions to his family and to society. According to Erikson, the person who fails to develop this sense of genera tivity becomes preoccupied instead with his personal needs and interests or both with a sense of self-absorption. (Developmental Psychology). In the last stage, a person comes to terms with the temporal limits of his life. It is the fulfillment and culmination of psychosocial development of the previous stages. In Erikson's view, it is the achievement of a sense of integrity resulting from identification with mankind.

If a person, however, develops an attitude of regret and fear of the end of life, then a sense of despair emerges instead. (Developmental Psychology). Describing development as a stage-by-stage progression, these theories have focused the attention of parents on one important fact -- that behavior becomes more and more highly organized and complex in nature as the person matures and experiences numerous interactions with the environment from one stage to another. In a survey by Eley, T and co-authors (2004), the links between parental familial vulnerability to depression and the role of associated parental characteristics on severe adolescent depressive symptoms were examined. In this study, the authors explored the influence of family environment variables. Links between parental familial vulnerability and family environment were examined. Questionnaires were obtained from 1, 294 parents of 1, 818 adolescent offspring.

Results showed that the odds of severe adolescent depressive symptoms increased by a factor of 1. 5 per standard deviation increase in parental familial vulnerability to depression (odds ratio [OR] = 1. 50). Parental BMI (OR = 1. 05) and educational level (OR = 2. 60) had significant influences independent of parental vulnerability. The analyses revealed a significant interaction such that those with high parental familial vulnerability, whose parents also had no qualifications, had a threefold risk of severe depressive symptoms. The study concluded that indeed, adolescents with a family history of depression whose parents also lack qualifications may be a target for intervention (Eley, Thalia, et. al. 2004). In many other studies which have been conducted, researchers have suggested that family cohesion is related to several psychological outcomes, including depressive symptoms (Eley, T. , et.

al. 2004). Conclusions Human beings are born helpless and totally dependent for survival on the nurturance of others. During these early years, strong bonds of love and hate toward other human beings, ones caretakers, are formed. It then becomes part of the human condition to attempt top reproduce such bonds all through life. The ambivalent struggle between love and hate is reproduced in later relationships, especially in marriage. When hate and / or disappointment wins out, men and women may choose to separate, but the disruption of bonds is apt to reproduce the separation anxiety of early childhood, as well as foster the emergence of formerly suppressed positive feelings, the other side of the ambivalence.

However, regardless of whether the decision to separate is created by false hopes and illusions or by desperation, it will evoke anxiety, disequilibrium and emotional vulnerability. Divorce often produced complete changes in the peoples material and emotional life space and calls for drastic revision of ones assumptive world. Men and women at this time reach out for and are open to support and understanding. It is a time when counseling intervention can be of maximum effectiveness. Indeed, those who truly understand the psychological importance of home life do not treat it lightly, do not take for granted or denigrate its importance. They never dismiss as mere habit what is really deep emotional attachment.

Too many are surprised at how badly they feel after divorce and suddenly miss the security they had. The person one has been for so long, whose bed and life one has shared, with one fought and made up, had children, planted gardens, taken walks, means more than one perhaps realizes. It is a fact that un disrupted, harmonious home life is best for ones psychological and physical health. To preserve Michaels marriage requires sensitivity to ones partner. If one, as the books advice, focuses exclusively on how to make the most of oneself, the union will fail. I think it all boils down to the values of each person in the union.

Michael and wife in a marriage need to be more realistic to improve their marriage now that they are alone. REFERENCES Anthony, J. (ed). Children at risk from divorce: A review, The child in his family: Children at psychiatric risk. New York: Wiley, 1974. Beckett Chris Human growth and development (2002) Bowl, J. (1973) Attachment and loss (Vol. 2) Separation, anxiety and anger. New York: Basic Books.

Cameron, J. , Adolescent Brain Development. Session III: Hormone, behavior, and inter-relationships during adolescence. University of Pittsburgh. Retrieved March 9, 2007 at: web Clarke-Stewart, A. , Friedman S. and Koch J. (1985). Child Development.

John Wiley and Sons, NY. Eley, T. C. ; Liang, H. M. A. ; Plain, R... ; Sham, P... ; Sterne, A... ; Williamson, R.

M. SC. ; Purcell, S. Parental Familial Vulnerability, Family Environment, and Their Interactions as Predictors of Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry. 43 (3): 298 - 306, Retrieved March 9, 2007 at: web Frankel and Bates (1990). Mother-toddler problem-solving: Antecedents in attachment, home behavior and temperament.

Child development, 61, 810 - 819. Gamble, T. and Gamble M. (2005). Chapter 6. Communication Works. 8 th Edition. Boston: Irwin/McGraw hill.

Herbert, M. Psychology for social workers. (1986) Hurluck, E. 1982. Developmental Psychology McGraw Hill and Co. N Kelly J. B. and Wallenstein J.

S. The effects of parental divorce: Experience of the child in early latency. American Journal of Orhtopsychiatry 1976, 46 (1), 20 - 32 (a) Shaffer, D R. Development Psychology (2002) Children and adolescence. Stein, H. Impact of Parenting Styles on Children...

Accessed 7 March 2007 at: web West off, L. Two-time winner. The New York Times Magazine, August 10, 1975.


Free research essays on topics related to: nonverbal communication, depressive symptoms, totally dependent, developmental psychology, love and hate

Research essay sample on Love And Hate Depressive Symptoms

Writing service prices per page

  • $18.85 - in 14 days
  • $19.95 - in 3 days
  • $23.95 - within 48 hours
  • $26.95 - within 24 hours
  • $29.95 - within 12 hours
  • $34.95 - within 6 hours
  • $39.95 - within 3 hours
  • Calculate total price

Our guarantee

  • 100% money back guarantee
  • plagiarism-free authentic works
  • completely confidential service
  • timely revisions until completely satisfied
  • 24/7 customer support
  • payments protected by PayPal

Secure payment

With EssayChief you get

  • Strict plagiarism detection regulations
  • 300+ words per page
  • Times New Roman font 12 pts, double-spaced
  • FREE abstract, outline, bibliography
  • Money back guarantee for missed deadline
  • Round-the-clock customer support
  • Complete anonymity of all our clients
  • Custom essays
  • Writing service

EssayChief can handle your

  • essays, term papers
  • book and movie reports
  • Power Point presentations
  • annotated bibliographies
  • theses, dissertations
  • exam preparations
  • editing and proofreading of your texts
  • academic ghostwriting of any kind

Free essay samples

Browse essays by topic:

Stay with EssayChief! We offer 10% discount to all our return customers. Once you place your order you will receive an email with the password. You can use this password for unlimited period and you can share it with your friends!

Academic ghostwriting

About us

© 2002-2024 EssayChief.com