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There is just one piece, out of two formations, that is wandering between two churches: the Fat Bishop (inexistent name as for the classification of chess pieces, but we have to remember that Bishop means Vescovo in English), he is the most important figure of the comedy. This character has been identified with Marco Antonio De Dominis (1560 - 1624), Jesuit and archbishop of Spalato. Enemy of the Church of Rome and of Pope Paolo V found hospitality by King James' court. He was extremely ambitious and greedy and claimed the office of archbishop of Canterbury to King James I, without any attainment (this office had never been given to any foreigner, anyway). After Paolo V's death in 1621, Alessandro Ludovisi, Gregorio XV was elected to the papal throne and De Dominis was bound by old friendship to him. As he was thinking to receive the honors being due to him by right, left the England half-clandestinely trying to bring his accumulated fortunes.
His decision made him loathed by King James and his court. On coming back to Italy, he didn't receive all the expected honors. His friend Pope died in the course of the same year (1623) and De Dominis fell into disgrace. After his death he was declared heretic and his corpse was exhumed and burnt with his books. The play, divided into five acts, has two overlapping plots: the first one is developed into the White House and is a medium for Middleton to attack the Jesuits directly and satirically (not by chance, the comedy starts with a Prologue through which Ignacio di Loyola- founder of the Order-debates on some religious matters with Error, the mistake); the second plot is developed into the Black House and tells the story about the failed attempt of negotiation between Spain and England for the marriage between Prince Charles and the Infanta Anna.
It is this second plot that has the topic of sexual integrity and its violation, as reflected in the game itself. Middleton considered this marriage (this is an opinion shared by the most aristocrats and above all by the common people, whose "emotions" and "reactions" Middleton was particularly careful not only from the dramatic point of view), an act of obedience to the Spanish plan, partly an express plan in order to establish an Universal Monarchy.
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Research essay sample on King James Second Plot Middleton
