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In the 1930 s and 1940 s, neo-Darwinian synthesis or neo-Darwinism appeared. The theory gave a new look at Darwinism theory. It proved that genetic variations in populations are the result of mutation and recombination. Evolution between one generation and another is a result of genetic drift, gene flow and natural selection. When populations are isolated by geographic barriers the process occurs gradually. The discovery of DNA caused those statements.
It proved that the evolution of species happens not only because of natural selection (according to Charles Darwin's theory) but also due to the evolutionary synthesis. In 1998, there was a special issue on "Macromolecular Machines" in a biology journal. It was stated that all cells are able to process information, build proteins, and move materials back and forth across their membranes. The process was called a molecular machine. It was interesting that the machine worked as those ones designed by human engineers. Richard Dawkins said, "The machine code of the genes is uncannily computer-like. " The discovery in molecular biology provoke a question if complex bimolecular such as proteins and DNA are self-organized on the influence of strictly chemical forces or may be they are information-rich molecules themselves.
If the last statement is right it means that complex bimolecular carry intelligently encoded information. The result can lead to the conclusion that high information content of DNA indicates intelligent design. During last decades a lot of evolutionary biologists have pointed that the Darwinian explanation has many gaps. The other approach has appeared that stated that organisms appear to be designed. They say that there are many evidences in biological systems to the theory. Contrary to neo-Darwinian theory design theorists are sure that nature shows a great number of evidences of real and apparent design by an intelligent creature.
The approach is known as intelligent design or the theory of intelligent design. The theory has been developed in high school textbook Of Pandas and People. The theorists are sure that intelligent explanation of living systems is better than undirected natural one. The development of the information technologies gave a great opportunity to determine criteria by which intelligently designed systems can be identified. One of the leading theorists William Dembski provides arguments in his works to the activity of rational or intelligent agents. He said that those agents determine the activity of other designing minds.
As archaeologists think, rational agents made the inscriptions on the Rosetta Stone. Cryptographers, in their turn, said that there is a difference between random signals and those on the Stone. The last carry encoded messages. Thats why they cannot be regarded as "cheating patterns." Most of all, Dembski says that the system that has "high complexity" and "specification" can be created by intelligent agents rather than from chance or physical-chemical laws. Though there is no doubt that common explanation to hieroglyphic inscriptions cannot be ignored.
May be they were appeared as the result of natural forces such as wind or erosion.
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