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Example research essay topic: Julius And Ethel Brother In Law - 1,055 words

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The Rosenberg trial, which ended in a double execution in 1953, was one of the century's most controversial trials. It was sometimes referred to as, 'the best publicized spy hunt of all times' as it came to the public eye in the time of atom-spy hysteria. Husband and wife, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were charged with conspiracy to commit espionage. Most of the controversy surrounding this case came from mass speculation that there were influences being reinforced by behind-the-scenes pressure, mainly from the government, which was detected through much inconsistencies in testimonies and other misconduct in the court. Many shared the belief that Ethel Rosenberg expressed best as she wrote in one of her last letters before being executed, '-knowing my husband and I must be vindicated by history... We are the first victims of American Fascism. 's ome people believed that the Rosenberg's had a vulnerable background which made these innocent people fall victim to the government.

In September 1940 Julius Rosenberg was hired by US army Signal Corps as a junior engineer, but fired March 1945 because he was found to be a member of the communist party. He was employed in 1945 with Emerson Radio. Finally, in 1946 Bernard Greenglass, his brother-in-law, asked him to a join war surplus business called Pitt Machine Products Company. Ethel Rosenberg supported herself as a teenager through pageant prize money she won as a singer and dancer.

Later on she was employed as a clerk for National Shipping but lost her job for union activities. They lived a happily married life with two sons until June 15, 1950 when brother-in-law, David Greenglass named Julius and Ethel as people who recruited him to spy for the Soviet Union. The case judged by Irving R. Kaufman began on March 6, 1957. The Rosenberg's, as well as Morton Sobell, were accused of delivering information, documents, sketches and other material vital to the national defense of our country, to a foreign power, namely, to Soviet Russia. Greenglass testified that it was he who turned over most of these materials to the Rosenberg's because of pressure.

On March 29, after a much publicized court case, the couple were found guilty and sentenced to be executed in the week of May 21, and their accused co-conspirator, Sobell, got 30 years in jail because he was not explicitly connected to the atom bomb. Many people were against this decision and the president tried to justify such rash actions: 'The execution of two human beings is a grave matter. But even graver is the thought of the millions of dead whose death may be directly attributable to what these spies have done. ' After many failed appeals, Julius and Ethel were electrocuted minutes apart on June 19, 1953. Some of Julius' last words were, '...

Never let them change the truth of our innocence. ' There were many illogical and contradicting statements in the testimonies, especially in Ethel Rosenberg's brother's, David Greenglass'. David worked for the US army and for a time in a place where there was work on atomic energy. David Testified that the Rosenberg's asked his wife for information on the atomic bomb. By coming out and confessing, the Greenglass were seen as helpless tools of the Rosenberg's. For weeks after her husband's arrest, before the accusation of the Rosenberg's, Ruth vehemently denied her husband's confession and insisted that he was innocent. In mid July 1950, Ruth corroborated David's story.

Yet there are many contradictions between early testimonies of Ruth and her husband's testimony to be noted. One issue of disagreement was over passport photos Julius Rosenberg supposedly told the Greenglass to get six pictures in case they need to leave the country quickly. David said they kept five of the pictures and gave the sixth to Julius. Ruth, on the other hand, signed testimonies long before the trial saying they gave the sixth to the FBI. Later it was proven that no such pictures were given to the FBI. David also admitted that he gave to Julius scientists' names and sketches of a flat lease mold, yet people who saw the sketches referred to them as, ' a worthless caricature with many errors. ' As far as names of scientists went, Greenglass claimed he gave Dr.

William Spider's name as someone who gave information about government experiments. The doctor, however told the New York Times that it was not true. Many people suspected that the FBI tried to find a scientist to admit he gave information, but were unable to find one to go along with this story. There are several hypotheses as to why David Greenglass may have falsely accused his sister's family in their actions. One was that there was some ill will between families because of the failure of a family business.

David tried to downplay the animosity between families due to financial and social humiliation. In court, Julius quoted David saying, 'I am in a terrible jam... I must have a couple of thousand dollars in cash... I just got to have that money and if you don't get me that money, you are going to be sorry. ' Exactly how sorry did David mean? Perhaps David put his own credibility in danger in the belief that he could win leniency for his own crimes by pointing to more important traitors. The Rosenberg's were especially vulnerable to the government because of past political associations.

Most of the criticism of the case came from the appearance that Greenglass was working in cahoots with the FBI. When questioning came even close to this topic in court, Judge Kaufman allowed David to avoid answering and steered the questioning in a different direction. Two weeks before the execution was supposed to take place, new evidence of blatant lying by David Greenglass was discovered but the judge refused the request of an appeal. The strongest argument about David's testimony is that he never actually said that received or gave anything to 'Russians. ' Another thing that seemed wrong in the trial was the prosecuting role which Judge Kaufman often took. Many found it ironic that, 'Kaufman- a New York Jew, Democrat and man of otherwise libertarian instincts- felt compelled to impose punishment harsher than even J. Edgar Hoover thought called for. 's ome of the judge's misconduct included his persistent questions...


Free research essays on topics related to: julius and ethel, brother in law, ethel rosenberg, judge kaufman, julius rosenberg

Research essay sample on Julius And Ethel Brother In Law

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