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By late 1978 the Sandinista Liberation Front (FSLN) had began to rise against the opposition. A revolution was in its beginning. The Somoza dictatorship had been overthrown and the Sandinista's were coming into power. The Sandinista's were labeled communist because they received aid from Cuba and practiced guerilla warfare based on an interpretation of the Cuban revolution. The United States foreign policy against Nicaragua was unlawful and the degrading to our country.
The way the United States handled this foreign situation was wrong and more people should have been prosecuted for these actions. For more than 3 decades the Somoza family ruled over Nicaragua. They ruled under a brutal dictatorship. They owned 25 % of industry and 40 % of workable land.
The economic dictatorship of this Somoza monopoly antagonized other capitalist, who were prevented by its stranglehold from developing the economy to satisfy their own drive for profit. (2 web). This shows that the Somoza family only cared about the Somoza's well being. The Somoza family was put into place by US imperialism. In 1927, Augusto Cesar Sandino was a revolutionary who denounced the president because he was allowing the United States military to occupy their land.
General Sandino would began to raise an army to support this cause. In 1932, with the United States approval, President Somoza -Garcia was elected into office. Sandino by now had international attention towards his cause so he was becoming a threat to Somoza's government. Somoza would have to negotiate with Sandino. These negotiations led to Sandino being executed under Somoza's orders. The Somoza's would go onto rule without any more revolutionary uprisings for 4 decades.
In July if 1962 the Sandinista National Liberation Front (FSLN) was formed. They identified themselves Marxist and set itself the task of national democratic revolution. The FSLN started as a small group of peasants but grew into an organization that became victorious over the Somoza dynasty. In 1979, after the FSLN won over Somoza (Daniel Ortega was the FSLN president) thing began to change and things looked better for the common citizen.
Before 1978, Nicaragua had no public health care, no public education or social security. By 1983, Nicaragua was named the model country in health care, had social security and public health for all. By 1981, the Regan administration was worried about Marxism in this organization so they cut funds that helped the general population. If that wasnt enough the United States placed an embargo upon Nicaragua.
The United States didnt handle this controversy very well. In 1986, the Regan Administration confessed that the United States secretly sold weapons to Iran. The US said that it was part of a negotiation to get back some hostages. In November of 1986, Attorney General Meese, discovered that the profits from the selling of the weapons to the Iranians were given to the Contras (anti-Sandinista) but congress had already passed a bill that prohibited this.
This was all done under the command of Lt. Col. Oliver North. Former head of the National Security Council, John Poindexter, personally admitted that he authorized giving money to the Contras. Poindexter and North were tried and sentenced but were given pardons by former President George Bush. It is estimated that the United States gave $ 18 million in aid to the Contra and trained more than 5, 000 at the School of the Americas.
Why would the US sponsor such a group? The Contra killed innocent people, raped woman and destroyed entire towns just to prove a political point. In 1990, a peace initiative led to the election that got rid of the Sandinista president, Daniel Ortega. A woman, Violent Chamorro was elected into office. After these events the United States called off the embargo.
The United States has gotten rid of any other Marxist groups that tried to come up in Nicaragua.
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Research essay sample on The United States And Nicaraguan Revolution
