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... at made materials such as fabrics were called mills. Mills during this time had a problem with spinning. In 1733 a machine called the flying shuttle had been invented this machine speeded up the process of weaving. However know that the weaving had been speeded up the spinners were also in need of a way to get the spinning done to send onto the weavers.
A man named Richard Arkwright who was born a year after the flying shuttle had been made knew this. His father was a tailor, so Arkwright knew a lot about cloth manufacturing. In 1760 he was working on an invention that might be able to speed up the spinning process. At the time there were other people that had the same idea.
A man named James Hargreaves had come up with a machine that was called the spinning Jenny this machine could produce eight threads at the same time making it much easier for workers. However this invention was very complex and the thread it produced was very thin. By 1768 Richard Arkwright had finished his own spinning machine. This machine was so heavy that it could not be powered by hand; it had to be powered by horse.
The thread was not as high a quality as the Spinning Jenny but it was a lot simpler to control and it was also thicker thread making it stronger. Transport revolved around nearly every aspect of the industrial revolution. Transport was needed to help carry goods from mines, from factories to be sold and was also used for people to travel. In 1750 travelling around a village or town was a very slow process. Roads during the 18 th century were possible the worst they had ever been in the Middle Ages. Reports of people saying that water had been coming up to their saddles.
Coaches used to send footmen ahead with axes to clear a path through over grown bushes and trees. There was a growing amount of coach services for both passengers and goods. These only tended to run during the summer. This is because the journeys took twice as long in the winter as they did in the summer.
Even in the best conditions and the best coach services, a journey from London to Newcastle would still take at least six and a half days. On the roads there was also the danger of highwaymen. These were people that would wait at the side of a road and would steal from Rich coach riders, salesmen and merchants. During the revolution the roads went through some major changes some of these were that the roads were being repaired and shaped so the water would run off the sides.
Also companies had come up with ways to help repair the roads. These were called turnpike trusts. This is when you put a tollgate at each point in the round e. g. every mile. These tolls would be there to quarantine the roads between that toll and the next.
This kept the roads from becoming over grown with shrubbery and to stop it from getting damaged. In 1776 the first ever canal was built. This was called the Bridgewater canal. The canals were an extremely good was of transporting goods. The canals were also much cheaper than traveling by other ways such as coach. The Bridgewater canal was made by the Duke of Bridgewater.
He had a man called James Brindley help him design and build the canal. Brindley was one of the best engineers around during this time. James Brindley came up with the idea of building an aqueduct over the river. The Duke of Bridgewater had to borrow a large sum of money to produce this idea of James Brindley's.
In 1825 the first railway was made. This first railway went from Stockton to Darlington. In 1830 five years after this the first ever railway for passengers was opened. Having the railways forced people canal owners and turnpike trusts to lower their prices because people would go by train if they didnt lower them.
This is because the trains were a much faster way to travel. Trains were also cheaper to go by. All of these were important parts of the industrial Revolution. If one of these had been taken away then Britain would not be like it is today.
If the population were not as it was then this would have caused problems with the amount of workers and there probable wouldnt be as many inventors to come up with the ideas. Transport would also not become as cheap because there would not have been as many people needing to use transport. You could say that transport was the most important point in the revolution because this was vital for people that needed to sell goods, but it was even more important to move raw materials and goods around the country to be made into things. Transport also helped the agricultural side of Britain. Being able to transfer food products and animals helped farmers a lot.
This also helped people to get their food. Power was used in most of these things as well. It was used in different forms of transport such as trains, boats and coaches. If the new types of power like steam engines and waterpower had not been invented then transport would not be were it is today. Power was also needed a lot in factories to power machinery to make cloth, wool, cotton and silk, and power was also needed to making machinery and transport out of different metals. Power was needed for farmers machinery, and was also used in mines when mining coal and iron.
The development of factories was also needed in this revolution because if people stayed working in there homes or in small workshops no one would ever be able to make vast amounts of produce and also if the transport was being developed and the factories werent then there would not be enough produce to transport because the transport would be waiting but he products are not being made quick enough. So power also played an important roll in helping make larger businesses and factories by speeding up the processes in the work places. So all of these were joined in some way and together they managed to change Britain between 1750 and 1900.
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Research essay sample on Spinning Jenny Industrial Revolution
