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Example research essay topic: State Supreme Court 2005 From The World Wide - 1,440 words

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... er of the Senate is the President, Tom Lee, who is responsible for selecting the Majority Leader and appointing committee chairs. The Legislature convenes in regular session annually beginning on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in March; sessions last 60 days. Committees from both chambers meet during the months leading up to the regular session, on a schedule set by their respective officers (myfloridahouse. gov, 2005). Special sessions, for dealing with a specific issue, may be called for by either the Governor or by the leaders of both houses, and last for twenty consecutive days.

As in Congress, for a bill to become a law, both houses must approve it in identical form. The executive branch in Florida consists of the Governor and the Cabinet. The Governor is the chief executive and is elected to serve a four-year term. Floridas current governor is Jeb Bush, who was elected in 1998, reelected in 2001, and is the 43 rd governor of Florida (state.

fl. us, 2005). The Cabinet serves as the decision and rule making body for the state and consists of the Governor as well as the Attorney General-Charlie Crist, the Chief Financial Officer-Tom Gallagher, and the Commissioner of Agriculture-Charles Bronson. The Governor heads the Cabinet but is assisted by the three other Cabinet officials who are also elected by the people. Each Cabinet officer serves a four-year term with a two-term limit and is responsible for the direction of at least one state department. The Governor is more or less in charge of the administration of most of the states other departments (florida.

com, 2005). The Florida court system has four levels: the State Supreme Court, circuit courts, appeals courts and county courts. Seven Justices serve on the State Supreme Court, which is the highest Court in the state and whose decisions are binding to all other Florida courts. State Justices are not given life tenure, but are subject instead to a system called merit retention, whereby judges are named to the court by the governor, but then come before the voters at the next scheduled election. Each of Floridas circuit courts has jurisdiction over one of the states 20 judicial circuits.

Circuit court judges are elected in non-partisan elections and serve six-year terms. Circuit courts exercise both original and appellate jurisdiction. The states five separate Courts of Appeals hear appellate cases from county courts. There is one county court in each on the States 67 counties. County courts exercise original jurisdiction and are presided over by judges elected to six-year terms. Article VIII section 1 of the Florida Constitution divides the state into counties.

There are currently 67 counties in Florida, each with their own policies and administrative personal. Counties are governed according to their Charters from the State. They are the creations of the state legislature and as such can be regulated and dissolved by it. The governing body of the County is the Commission, which writes the budget, sets County millage, provides an assortment of specialized services, oversees various countywide departments, and governs unincorporated areas.

In Pinellas County there are seven County Commissioners; five Commissioners represent specific districts within the county and two are elected at large. The responsibility for day-to-day management of countywide affairs falls to the County Manager and his staff. Its his job to implement the decisions of the Commission and to oversee the County's 58 departments (pinellas county. org, 2005).

Various elected officials within the county include the Clerk of the Court, who maintains court records and organizes court proceedings (Pinellasclerk. org, 2005), the Property Appraiser, who investigates the market value of county real estate, the Supervisor of Elections, who runs countywide elections, and the Public Defender (pinellas county. org, 2005). The Sheriff is also elected at large, as is the State Attorney and the County Tax Collector.

Within Counties there are special districts; which are autonomous political entities that have specific powers and are charged with a particular task or goal. One of the largest special districts in Pinellas County is the School Board, which sets policies for all public schools in the district. Seven members govern the School Board; five must live in definite districts, while two serve at large. All of them are elected countywide in partisan elections and serve four-year staggered terms.

Local school revenue is derived almost exclusively from property taxes. While the State and the county set the millage rates, local school boards can levy further taxes within the confines set by the State. Another independent district is The Juvenile Welfare Board, which is committed to services for families and children. Rather than delivering services directly, the JWB contracts delivery of services through programs managed by different countywide agencies. Another independent district is the Pinellas Suncoast Transit Authority, the County's source of public transportation. PSTA controls bus service, and transit services for the disabled (pinellas county.

org, 2005). Within Pinellas County there are 24 separate incorporated municipalities. These cities charge taxes and provide services to their residents or contract with the County or the private sector to supply them (pinellas county. org, 2005). Municipal governments are chartered by the state legislature, and their charters specify the objectives and the powers of the local government. In most cases, cities function independently but may work with the county or the state from time to time.

The most common forms of local government include: the Mayor-Council system, the Commission system, and the City Manager system (rug. nl, 2004). The City Manager form of organization is by far the most common structure of administration, especially in smaller towns and suburbs. In these towns, the mayor is usually chairman of the city council and municipal operations are run by a professional city manager. Like most large cities, Pinellas County's largest city, St. Petersburg, utilizes the strong Mayor/Council system; in which an elected mayor acts as chief executive and the city council acts as the legislature.

Beyond a mayor, city council, and city manager, local officials usually include a city attorney, who acts as legal advisor and advocate, and a city clerk who supervises elections and keeps records. Full-size bureaucracy is found even at the local level of government. The smallest municipalities employ bureaucratic officials and professional staffs to, among other things, provide assorted services, handle city records, issue licenses and permits, zone municipal areas and manage the city budget. The United States of America is a federal republic in which power is shared between the national government and the various states. Within the states themselves, power is delegated in a process of devolution to counties and municipalities. The Census Bureau has recorded no less than 78, 218 local governmental entities in the United States, including counties, municipalities, townships, and special districts (rug.

nl, 2004). While the Nation may be federal to the extent that Congress allows, Constitutionally, there will always be a distinction between the federal government and the states. No such distinction exists within the states themselves. It was the states who created the national government, and Congress cannot single-handedly dismiss state officials, redraw state boundaries, or abolish a state entirely the way that state legislatures can do within their respective boundaries. As the federal government continues the trend of relinquishing power to the states, state, county, and municipal governments take on an increasing burden and must inevitably enlarge their size, scope, and bureaucratic agencies; hence the maze-like array of jurisdictions and governing bodies we have today (rug.

nl, 2004). References Clerk of the Circuit Court, Pinellas County, Fl. (2005). Ken Burke. Retrieved May 30, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web > Executive Office of the Governor. (2005). Bio. Retrieved May 29, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web > Florida House of Representatives. (2005, May).

Public Guide: House Districts. Retrieved May 28, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web > My Florida. (2005, April). The Governor and the Cabinet. Retrieved May 29, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web > Nation Master Encyclopedia. (2003). President of the United States. Retrieved May 29, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web > Pinellas County Government. (2005, May).

Key Agencies. Retrieved May 30, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web > University of Kentucky. (2005, May). The Federal Bureaucracy: What is it and how is it organized? Retrieved May 30, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web > The University of Groningen. (2004, October).

An Outline of American Government. Retrieved May 29, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web > US Courts. (2002). Federal Judges: Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved May 29, 2005 from the World Wide Web: < web >


Free research essays on topics related to: federal government, state supreme court, circuit court, chief executive, 2005 from the world wide

Research essay sample on State Supreme Court 2005 From The World Wide

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