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Example research essay topic: Great Britain And France Millions Of Dollars - 1,594 words

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... e slaughter in Hungary, but that is no reason for destroying the nucleus of international cooperation. This was the foundation of the brutal confrontation of the now infamous water polo semi-finals between the Soviets and Hungary. Hungary was leading 4 to nil with two minutes left.

In a loose-ball struggle, a Russian hit a Hungarian, blood poured over the Hungarians eye. The Russians exited the pool before the match even ended. Wally Wolf, a veteran polo player from America claimed They were lucky to get of the stadium alive. With World War 2, it not only caused the XII and XIII to be cancelled, it was the basis of the Cold War. This split the world between the capitalists, led by the United States and the Communists, led by the Soviet Union.

In 1948, the Olympic Games were hosted by London, England. The Russians announced that they would not be competing in the games but they preferred to observe the games of 1948. Between 1948 and 1952, the Soviets spend millions of dollars to develop sports champions. For the Soviets, Olympic competition was seen as a test of strength between themselves and the United States.

Likewise, the United States were anticipating the competition between themselves and the Russians as was the world waiting. There will be 71 nations in the Olympics at Helsinki in 1952. The United States would lead to beat all of them, but the only one that counts is Soviet Russia. The Communist propaganda machine must be silenced so that there cannot even be one distorted bleat out of it in regard to the Olympics.

In sports the Red brothers (the Soviets) have reached the put-up-or shut-up stage. Lets shut them up Matters were further escalated as the Helsinki Games were staged during the Korean War, where both Russia and the United States were involved. The Russians sided with the North Koreans, and the United States supported the South Koreans. The Helsinki Games was the pinnacle of the contest between the communists and non-communists. The Communists consisting of Russia, Hungary, Poland, Rumania, Czechoslovakia and Bulgaria were separated from athletes of the west, living in an Eastern Camp, which was surrounded by barbed wire. No visitors were allowed, and large pictures of Joseph Stalin, the Russian ruler hung on the wall of the buildings.

The Soviets viewed the Helsinki Games, and all athletic competition as a test for their political system. Each new victory is a victory for the Soviet form of society and the Socialist sport system, it provides irrefutable proof of the superiority of socialist culture over the decaying culture of the capitalist states. The contest between the Russians and Americans led to this statement, There were many pressures on the American athletes in 1952 that there were in 1948 because of the Russians. They were in a sense the real enemies. You just loved to beat em. You just had to beat em.

It wasnt like beating some friendly country like Australia This battle between the two superpowers continued into 1960 when the games were held in Rome. The final standings left 103 medals to the Russians, with the Americans with only 71, sparking a debate all over America. Many in the United States read the Soviet Olympic triumph as a sign that America was weak. An American Legion spokesman announced we should stress victory, not merely participating. In the Olympics and international meets, only the winners are honoured. This statement totally contradicted Pierre de Coubertin quote about what the Olympics should have been about.

In 1980 when Moscow was selected over Los Angeles as host of the Olympic Games, the Americans had no choice but to cooperate. However in 1979 Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan. President Jimmy Carter was outraged and declared that the if the Soviets had not withdraw their troops then the Americans would not be taking part in the Moscow Olympics. This added to another element of the Olympic Games- protest by boycott. The United States also placed extreme pressure to other nations to boycott the Moscow games, by the time the games began sixty two nations were missing. In 1956 when Hungary was being attacked by the Soviet Union, and there was a calling for the Olympic Games to be cancelled, to no avail, Spain, Switzerland, and the Netherlands withdrew.

And in 1976 in Montreal, the United States threatened a boycott if Taiwan was excluded, as Taiwan was not permitted to compete under the flag or name of the Republic of China, but they recognised the Peoples Republic of China (Communist China). In 1964, during the Tokyo Games, the South African delegation was banned from the Games for their racial policies of Apartheid. In 1968, when South Africa was allowed to compete in the Mexico City Olympiad, many nations from Africa as well as those from the Third World and also the Soviet Union, and many black athletes from America threatened to boycott. The IOC then decided to ban the South Africans once again from the Olympics. In 1972, Munich several African nations again threatened to boycott the Olympics if Rhodesia, ruled by whites was allowed to compete.

The IOC barred them from the Olympics. In 1976, Montreal the Apartheid issue also involved New Zealand. New Zealand had sent a rugby team to compete with South Africa in 1976. many African nations insisted that New Zealand be banned from the Montreal Games for competing against South Africa who practised Apartheid.

The IOC refused, claiming that rugby was not an Olympic sport and New Zealand did not practise apartheid. In response, two days before the games were scheduled to begin, 24 African nations and their supporters withdrew from the Montreal Games. Some African athletes paid for their own way to compete, hoping to compete under the Olympic flag, the IOC refused to allow them to compete. The issue of apartheid and South Africa is not the first time in which the IOC has acted as arbitrators. In 1924, the IOC banned Russia from competition in the Paris Olympics for they had undergone a communist revolution and in 1952 during the Helsinki Games, the IOC rejected East Germany as a participate although allowed West Germany to participate. Red China and Taiwan were both allowed to participate.

In 1956 in Melbourne after Egypt, backed by the Russia tried to gain control of the Suez Canal, a long time free passage way of oil to Western Europe, Israel, Great Britain and France united to keep the Canal open. Both the Soviet Union and the United states supported a cease-fire order by the United Nations. Egypt then demanded that Israel, Great Britain and France be banned from the Melbourne Games. The IOC refused. Egypt, along with Iraq and Lebanon boycotted. Reminiscent of the Olympic Games being used as a platform to elevate stature and prominence on the world stage, the Olympics have given way to opportunity's to making political statements.

Indeed in 1936, during the Berlin Games Hitler say the Olympics as a way of making a political statement. Nazi flags flew over every building Berlin. However the Jewish quarters were not allowed to display the German Flag due to the Nuremberg Laws of 1935 denying Jews the permission to display the flag. Prior to the games in Mexico 1968, many students took the occasion to protest that the money spent on the Olympics could be better spent on things that would help the people and improve the quality of life. Also in Mexico, one of the most controversial events where the Olympics, in this case the victory stand was once again used for a political stand. After finishing first and third in the 200 metre run, Tommie Smith and John Carlos stood on the podium to receive their gold and bronze medals.

As the American anthem was played, they raised their black-gloved fists in a Black-Power salute. Carlos explaining that he wanted to let the world now that blacks were not some kind of work horse who can perform and then can be thrown some peanuts and say good boy, good boy. When Tommie and I got on the stand, we werent alone. We knew that everyone was watching at home was upon that stand, we knew we werent alone.

We wanted to let the world know the problems about black people, and we did out thing and stepped down. We believe we were right. Wed do it again tomorrow. However, both men were consequently suspended from the games and expelled from the Olympic village. In 1972, undoubtedly the worse event throughout the Olympic history is the moment when eight Arab terrorists, representing the Black-September guerrilla group broke into the quarters of the Israeli team taking them hostage. In total, nine of the Israeli terrorists and three terrorists were killed.

Perhaps if the Olympic Games were staged on a neutral site, the Olympic Games would be taken away from the realm of politics, preventing many of the massacres and boycotts that have happened over the years. No doubt a neutral site would save millions of dollars for host countries. However Pierre de Coubertins vision was for an Olympic movement that could be shared with every nation from all walks of life. It is unfortunate that the Olympics have become associated with politics and will continue to do so as long as it is exposed to the world audience. The freer the Olympic Games become from world politics, the more capability the games can achieve for friendly competition, international friendship, and better cooperation between the nations of the world.


Free research essays on topics related to: african nations, great britain and france, millions of dollars, republic of china, soviet union

Research essay sample on Great Britain And France Millions Of Dollars

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