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Example research essay topic: Genetically Engineered Cloning Humans - 1,253 words

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... first time. The current methods are a start and can be improved upon. One thing to point out is that when Thomas Eddison invented the light bulb he did it hundreds of times before he got one to work.

Those against cloning condemn that argument because when Henry Ford dug up the ground behind his lab he found all the light bulbs that Eddison had just thrown out the back like a garbage dump. You cannot just throw out human lives that didn't come out the way you wanted it to, and if you if it doesn't turn out the way you wanted it to do you have the right to take its life. Then what if it reproduces with others like it or reproduces with humans. Can you take away its life and all of its offspring.

Some suspicions have arisen that even if the U. S. makes cloning of humans illegal, that it will be carried overseas and done there. "Cloning humans from adults' tissues is likely to be achievable any time from one to ten years from now. " Cornell University biologist W. Bruce Currie estimates that only about ten labs around the world have the ability to clone humans (his not among them) However, an in-vitro fertilization clinic could be upgraded with only a small investment to be able to clone humans. President Clinton proposed a ban on cloning saying that, "Banning human cloning reflects our humanity. It is the right thing to do...

At its worst [this new method] could lead to misguided and malevolent attempts to select certain kinds of children-to make our children objects rather then cherished individuals. " Those against cloning praised the proposed ban but said that it should include animals because they are cherished individuals too. In the U. K. all research on human embryos is regulated by the Human Fertilization and Embryology Act passed in 1990.

This provides appropriate framework for resolving the legal and ethical issues involved in cloning. The U. S. is considering whether it should regulate human cloning or just ban it. (Britain, Denmark, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, and Spain already do. ) This may not help anything though, since as of June 17, 1997 federal funds are not allowed to be used for human embryology research, but privately funded research can. When the National Biotechnics Advisory Commission issued its report, it recommended that cloning of human beings be outlawed in the United States. The panel did say this at the end of the report, " The members recognized that if further research made cloning safer and more familiar, society might one day change its mind. " So the panel recommended that any legal ban be re-evaluated after three to five years.

If Congress agrees, the cloning debate could go well into the next century. Those who are against allowing people to clone themselves and others, say that if this process were to be perfected, some lunatic could theoretically go out and clone another Adolph Hitler or Saddam Hussein and that we would have another World War, or Gulf War. Most everybody agrees that the world does not need another Fuhrer or Dictator. Supporters of cloning have stated that this scientific discovery is not a science fiction book unfolding that this will not allow people to clone themselves when they are dying so they could live forever, that this will not create robots who will look the same as the person they were cloned from or act and think the same.

This is summed up best by a quote from Harry Griffin who works at the Roslin Institute. "And what is left when we strip away the hyperbole and what has been written to entertain us? Most certainly a major scientific breakthrough. Most scientists had thought through differentiation - the gradual process of specialization that allow a single fertilized egg to develop into hundreds of different cell types that make up the whole animal- was irreversible... The new nuclear transfer techniques could be used to examine how the so-called somatic mutations - mutations that take place in the adult cell which are not inheritable- contribute to aging and lead to tumors. Understanding the process involved in 'reprogramming ' could provide new insight into control of gene expression in differentiated cells and lead to new approaches to cell therapy. " One of the huge bonuses of cloning animals is that if you cloned endangered species you could boost their populations immensely. You could clone a whole herd of rhinoceros or panda.

The problem with this is that it decreases the diversity of the gene pool and makes the herd less tolerant to disease. A disease, like a virus, could kill the entire herd of animals. Much like in a forest where there are many of the same trees one virus can come through and decimate it. The benefit of cloning domestic animals is that you human genes can be incorporated into an animals body so that they have human genes. These animals are called transgenic animals.

A cow named Rosie was genetically engineered in this manner by PPL Therapeutics (the company that funded the Dolly project). Rosie makes a human protein because, when she was a mere embryo in a dish, scientists slipped the gene for the protein into her cells. The cow's milk contains the human gene alpha-lactalbumin an amino acid that newborns need. The idea is to purify her milk and sell it in a powdered form, for premature babies who cannot nurse. Transgenic pigs are being studied as a possible source for organs. If pigs and other animals are genetically engineered scientists hope they can save the ten people that die every day waiting for a donated organ.

On Both sides a majority agree that it should not be legal to raise clones just for spare body parts. Imagine having a room full of people being raised so that one day they can be sent off to a slaughter house for humans. Just so that whoever they were cloned from can live a little better or longer. One of the common misconceptions created mostly by the media about cloning is that clones would be identical copies of the people they were cloned from. They will maybe look alike but we can't even be sure of that because if the person was born from a different uterus or at a different time the whole environment during pregnancy is different and the embryo can be affected.

Because of this and many factors, a clone would be a completely different person Most of us at some time or another in our life have probably met a clone before. Those people are identical twins. They do not necessarily think and act the same, but they do both think and act. Conclusion This topic is a very controversial issue and I don't think I will be the last person to do a report on it.

I also don't think that this report will answer all the questions as to whether cloning should be allowed for animals or humans. Personally, I think that there are many benefits for cloning animals. The most important one in my opinion is the possibility of having animals be organ donors. I am undecided on the benefits, ethics and morality of cloning humans. It does not matter about my opinion because it can do little for or against this issue, this genie (Dolly) has been let out of the bottle and it will not go back in.


Free research essays on topics related to: cloning animals, cloning humans, human cloning, clone humans, genetically engineered

Research essay sample on Genetically Engineered Cloning Humans

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