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Chapter 2 - Social - Emotional Development The potential possibilities of any child are the most intriguing and The typical four year old has a very good sense of humor. They love being silly and love to tell jokes that make others laugh. While observing Michael and the class having breakfast in the cafeteria, Michael and two of his friends were telling jokes. Boy 1: Hmmm (pauses for a moment) I forgot. Boy 1, Boy 2, and Michael begin to laugh hysterically at one another.
They are laughing so hard that other children around There are many different meanings for the term social development, but the one thing that is for sure is that it is a long and ongoing process This process begins in early childhood with self discovery and results in the ability to interact with others. During the social - emotional development of a four year old child, they are still continuing to learn about themselves. Their sense of identity includes knowledge that they are a boy or girl (gender) and a member of a particular family, racial, religious or ethnic group (Mitchell and David, 1992). However, their sense of Preschoolers are aware of how people feel about them. They want to please adults in their lives and look for approval and praise. Preschoolers are also developing new social skills.
Friendships often have a momentary quality, although some friendships may be quite stable, especially if children have known each other for a long time (Pica, 1997). Play and social development go hand and hand. Play offers many opportunities to be with other children and to share, take turns, disagree, and compromise (Mitchell and Davis, 1992). Children enjoy each others company. While at play, they are increasing their self awareness, and are becoming more involved Emotionally, children develop greater self awareness, characteristics, and actions. They are also able to predict the emotions of others.
According to Huffnung (1997) children will develop empathy or the ability to appreciate the feeling of others and understand their point of view. If one child begins an activity, it is likely that his friends will want to follow along. Michael was sitting at the table in the cafeteria eating breakfast and he kept dropping his napkin on the floor because he knew that the college student would pick it up for him. Two other boys that were sitting with him saw what was going on and they started to drop their napkin on the floor also. This continued for a few moments until the college student yelled at the boys. She then began to ignore their behavior and eventually they stopped.
Michael likes to play in a group with his friends. Michael, another boy and a college student were playing in the block area. They had a handful of different bugs and the college student suggested that they build a house for the bugs to live in. Michael and the boy went to get long blocks to start building the house. Michael: We need long blocks to build the house. Michael: Hey look!
This can be a sliding door. Boy: We need to take the bugs out. Michael: Go over there and get those long ones so we can A girl runs over from the snack table and sits down next to Michael. She grabs a bug and pretends to make it hop from one Michael: Hey!
What are you doing? Stop that were not done Boy: Yeah you cant do that. We need to build a house Michael: No! Girls cant build houses for bugs.
No! College Student: Just because she is a girl Michael doesnt mean she cant play with you and help you Girl: Well hes not my friend anymore. Michael and his friend continue to build the house and do not pay attention to what the college student had said. The girl however did not get upset and she started building a house in a different area. Where she was building her house, Michael had an idea to build a road for the bugs to hop across. The road that they built connected the two houses together so that everyone could When Michael and his friends were done building the house Michael asked the teacher to come over and see what they have Michael: Teacher!
Come look what I built. Teacher: Wow Michael! Thats a very complex structure. Michael: The bugs live there, and look there is a sliding Michael started to show off his house to his other friends, and when he saw the college student playing with a group of girls, he dragged him away to make him look at the house he built. According to Chile and Silvern (1995) it is fairly normal for children to seek out an adults approval and praise for their While observing Michael on the playground, I have noticed that he is always the one suggesting what to do and where to play.
From riding bikes to climbing up the hill to even sliding down the slide, Michael is definitely a leader among his group of friends. In the classroom Michael is the same way. He tells them what to build and how to build it. He often comes off being bossy, but he does listen to the suggestions of his friends first before deciding that his way is the correct way. Play is varied according to the social environment the children are in. Mildred Part was a women who studied children between the ages of two and five.
Mildred found that childrens play develops in six stages. Solitary play is one of the stages that Michael has engaged in. Solitary play is where the child plays alone with a toy and has no involvement with other children. Out of all my observations, this was the one and only time that I saw Michael playing by himself. Michael had just finished playing a board game with a friend and the college student. When the game was over he walked over to the lego table and started to build an airplane.
While building, he was singing to himself and moving his feet under the table to the rhythm of the song. Another stage of play that Michael has engaged in is parallel play. This type of play involves two or more children plying with the same toys in close proximity and with awareness of each others presence, but do not share toys, talk or interact except in very minimal ways (Hoffnung, 1997). Michael was at the lego table with three of his friends building houses and towers.
Each of them were building there own separate building in the corner of the lego square. The only time Michael spoke to one of his friends was when he was looking for a certain lego in the bin or if he needed help pulling one of the legos apart. Another stage of play that Michael engages in is cooperative play. Cooperative play according to Pina (1997), is where children consciously form into groups to make something, where one or two members direct the activity with the children assuming different roles and responsibilities.
Michael has shown this type of play in the block area numerous times. While building, he likes to take control and tells his group of friends where to place each block. After they place the block and he does not like where they placed it, he will go over and move it to what he thinks is the correct place. An important part of a childs individuality is his sense of self. The four year old child according to Oden (1987), should be able to verbally defend possessions, express feelings verbally, feel confident to join in on play with others, and engage in cooperative play.
Michael has no problem expressing how he feels. If he wants things done a certain way he will do it no matter what. He likes to have his own way and if for some reason he doesnt get his way he will put on a sad face for a moment and then find something else to play with. Sometimes Michael does not like to follow the rules.
While building blocks with the college student and two friends, the college student accidentally knocked down someone elses building. Michael You knocked it down! Now you have to put it back together, thats The college student with the help from another boy tried to put the building back together the best way that they can, but Michael insisted that he was doing it wrong. A few minutes later Michael was walking over to the shelf to get blocks and he accidentally stepped on one of the long blocks and slid right into the middle of the building knocking it all down.
The college student jokingly told him now it was his turn to put it back together. Michael got up and said, Then Michael started to take the blocks that he knocked down and he was using them on his own building. One of his friends started to help him gather up the knocked down blocks and created a building twice the size of the one that was knocked down. The college student didnt say anything to Michael, but you can tell that he was a little Emotionally and socially Michael is at the appropriate developmental level.
Friendships can help a child develop in other ways besides socially and emotionally. Movement activities intend to improve gross motor skills, social - emotional, creative, and cognitive development. According to Hart (1992), studies have shown that friendships result in mastery of certain tasks, problem solving techniques and mastery of certain cognitive skills. In chapter three, this personality study will look into further detail of the cognitive development of a four year old child and how it is related to motor and social - emotional Bibliography:
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