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Example research essay topic: Marlboro Cigarettes Philip Morris - 1,249 words

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... he first studies linking cigarette smoking to lung cancer were released. Consumers began feeling mislead by the established brands and dropped their old allegiances. They were willing to try other brands but were unable to break away from smoking completely, due to what would later be attributed to nicotine addiction. Disillusioned consumers turned to Marlboro's, the new "safer" filtered brand. Ross B.

Millhiser, president of Philip Morris in 1968, looked back on Marlboro's window of opportunity and explained that "the filter revolution caused more switching than all the cigarette manufacturers with all their money could have induced. " (White 121) Unfortunately for Marlboro, formerly known to be "Mild as May", the new filters were considered eliminate. The dilemma would be to appeal to the attitudes of an old group of customers with a new concern, addicted men who feared lung cancer. Philip Morris took the challenge to a midwestern agency, the Leo Burnett Company of Chicago, and reintroduced Marlboro to the nation in 1955 with the "Tattooed Man" campaign. Joseph Cullman, then president and chief executive officer of Philip Morris Inc. , explained, "We felt that West of the Alleghanies we could secure a better understanding and feel of grass-roots America and what it wanted in a cigarette. " (Esquire 8 / 60 146) The resulting campaign assured buyers, with television commercials and printed pages, that "You get a lot to like with Marlboro, filter, flavor, flip- top box. " The image of the "new Marlboro smoker as a lean, relaxed outdoorsman -- a cattle rancher, a Navy officer, a flyer -- whose tattooed wrist suggested a romantic past, a man who had once worked with his hands, who knew the score, who merited respect, " (Esquire 6 / 60 146) proved that there was nothing sissy or feminine about these filtered cigarettes. The first advertisements spoke directly to the masculine! e audience suggesting in a descriptive paragraph that they try "old fashioned flavor in a new way to smoke. " They reassured men that the filter did not change Marlboro quality and the Man-sized taste of honest tobacco comes full through.

Smooth- drawing filter feels right in your mouth. Works fine but doesn't get in the way. Modern Flip-top box keeps every cigarette firm and fresh until you smoke it. (Made in Richmond, Virginia, from a new Marlboro Recipe) [Image 1 ] Black and white full-page advertisements were divided between large blocks of information about the new filter and flip-top box and a close-up, weathered, handsome, face whose strong tattooed hand held a Marlboro cigarette. The brand name, printed bold and extra-large in its own blocked- out top section of the page was mirrored on a smaller scale in a pack of Marlboro cigarettes in the bottom corner of the page. The picture of the pack also had its own detailed copy, "New Flip-Top Box. Sturdy to keep cigarettes from crushing.

No tobacco in your pocket. Up to date. Popular filter price. " In a voice that was friendly, unpretentious and honest the Marlboro men gained the trust of millions. The "Tattooed Man" campaign was described by Cullman, as "virility without vulgarity, quality without snobbery" (Esquire 6 / 60). In New York after their introduction in 1955, Marlboro became the top selling filtered cigarette literally overnight, and eight months after the campaign opened, sales! had increased 5, 000 per cent (Esquire 6 / 60).

The "Tattooed Man" campaign provided a diverse pool of working men as applicants for the final Marlboro representative. In the first years of advertisements public responses to the different personalities were monitored and the cowboy gradually emerged as the most popular character. Repetition and clear, compelling imagery through the years became key factors in Marlboro's keen brand identification today. "Frequent repetition is necessary to impress the sales message so deeply that it will affect buying behavior even when the logical content of the message is forgotten. " (Tennant 170). The Leo Burnett Company began building a foundation of knowledge for the consumer to be reemphasized every time the Marlboro man was seen.

Thus, the first time the public met the Marlboro cowboy he was not the silent image of advertisements today; he had to explain himself and his product. Life magazine ran a three page spread [Image 2 ] in January 1957 entitled "The Marlboro Man. What's he like... ! . " The next two pages contained a eight-frame story board with different action shots of the plump, middle-aged cowboy still donning the tattooed hand, but wearing western boots, hat and a business suit. The top of the page reads, "The Marlboro Man speaks for himself... ." He takes the reader on a tour of his ranch and describes Marlboro's filter, flavor, and flip- top box in a casual monologue. He introduces himself, "I'm a rancher.

Grew up in this part of the country... " and his Western way of life, "Own my own ranch... ride from one end of it to the other every day... I like the life a man leads out here... the good feeling of being your own boss. " At the precise moment the reader begins to get jealous, the tactful Marlboro man redirects the conversation to a more familiar topic, "Like to smoke, too. [He's a lot like you] My brand's MARLBORO. In my book, it's a lot of cigarette... " The connection between the West, being one's own boss and smoking Marlboro's is made in four fra!

mes and then supported by the reader's new friend, the Marlboro M Philip Morris, with the Marlboro cowboy, has capitalized on what the cigarette advertising industry realized as an unique quality in its products. "The physical characteristics of the standard brands are nearly identical and their individual demands are highly elastic, yet despite close similarity, consumers are not indifferent to the choice of brands but show enduring loyalties based upon very slight physical differences or upon irrational grounds. " (Tennant 163). The irrational appeal of the strong individual is bolstered by the strong geometric design of the red, white and black-lettered flip-top package. It was designed by Frank Gianininoto in 1954 and carefully tested through consumer surveys by Elmo Roper&Associates and the Color Research Institute. (Advertising Age 11 / 9 / 88) When displayed on open cigar counters consumer reaction was gauged on hidden cameras as their eyes settled on the bright packaging (Esquire 6 / 60). Like a cowboy's holster for his favorite gun the package!

ing makes a statement. It is estimated that the average smoker removes his or her cigarettes 20 - 25 times a day. In 1987, Thirty-two years after the box was designed, Forbes magazine (2 / 9 / 87) polled smokers and offered them Marlboro cigarettes unaltered except in a generic brown box and at half price. Only 21 % were interested. The public embraced the red box as a symbol of membership to the club that recognized the Marlboro Man as their spokes-person. A 1959 ad showed the Flip-top box as a unifying element "From the Klondike to Key West...

Every man is a 'Marlboro Man' once he discovers that Marlboro is for real smoking. " [Image 3 ]. The box is a carrying card available to everyone. It is visible proof of participation in or appreciation for a certain idealized way of life that not many actually get to experience. Consumers carrying the box were now investing themselves and their reputation in the positive image of the Marlboro Man.

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Research essay sample on Marlboro Cigarettes Philip Morris

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