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What is required for a planet to be able to support life? This is a question that people have been trying to answer for many years. Earth is a very unique planet because it is the only one proven to support life. Living organisms need certain things in order to survive that are not found on any other planet.
Some of these life supporting features include food, water, atmosphere, temperature, rotation, gravity, surface and a moon. First, living things need a source of food. Energy is needed in order for living things to grow. Our main source of energy on Earth comes from the sun. Plants use the light from the sun for photosynthesis, and plants source of food comes from photosynthesis. While animals dont need the sun to produce their own food they do eat plants, and all plants go through photosynthesis.
Planets that are far from the sun, such as Pluto, can not use the suns light to produce food. Photosynthesis could never happen on Pluto. Therefore, there will never be any life on Pluto. In addition, living things also require water. Plants and animals both need fresh liquid water. Water is important to living things because it helps change energy from one form to another, such as light to food.
Earth is the only planet known to have a large amount of liquid water. Mars does have polar ice caps, but no liquid water. Life can not survive on a planet with no liquid water. Another unique feature of Earth is its atmosphere.
A planet without an atmosphere, like Mercury, could never have any life. Living things have to breathe. If there is no atmosphere, then there is no gas for plants and animals to breathe. Our atmosphere contains oxygen and carbon dioxide, along with many other gases. Animals breathe oxygen and plants breathe carbon dioxide. Venus also has an atmosphere, but it contains mostly sulfuric acid, plants and animals cant live on Venus because the air is not breathable.
Also, Earths temperature is perfect for supporting life. Earths average temperature is 15 &# 61616; C. Any other planet would either be too hot or too cold for life. Earths perfect temperature is due to many things.
Our distance from the sun determines how much of the suns heat we get. Our rotation of 24 hours ensures that no one side of Earth faces the sun for too long, unlike Venus. Venus rotation is so slow that it is very hot on one side and very cold on the other because the side facing the sun faces it for so long that it cant cool off, and the side facing away from the sun cools off for too long. Along with all of these things, the main factor that controls Earths temperature, is our atmosphere. Our atmosphere causes us to experience the greenhouse effect. The atmosphere holds in the heat from the sun, trapping it so we dont get too cold.
The speed of earths rotation is very important to sustaining life. If our planet were to spin as fast as a planet like Jupiter, then important things would just fly off Earth. Solid things would fly off because of Earths gravity, but the gas in our atmosphere would, and so might our water. If Earth rotated slower, then our temperatures would be effected.
Earth is rotating at a perfect speed. Gravity is also very important for life. Gravity help hold things on a planet. If the Earth had less gravity, like Pluto, things would float away. The presence of a surface on a planet is also important. If you tried to stand on Jupiter you would sink to the core of the planet.
This would happen because Jupiter is made of gas and has no surface, also Jupiter's gravity is more than twice as much as Earths, so it pulls things to the center of the planet. Earth has a surface to stand on and enough gravity to hold thing on the surface. Lastly, Earths moon helps support life. We couldnt live without it.
Our moon is so large that its gravity effects us. Our moon helps keep Earth tilted on its axis. Our moon stops us from wobbling on our axis, like Mars does. If Earth started to wobble it would effect our climate, but most life would still survive.
However, life would not survive if Earths rotation sped up. The moon as been slowing down the Earths rotation ever since the moon has been our moon. If we lost it the earth would speed up again, and all life would vanish. For the reasons above, Earth is a perfect place to live.
If any of these factors were eliminated, there would be no life on Earth. Life could not survive on any other planet because while there are planets with some of these features, there is no planet except Earth with all of them. Hopefully we will never have to leave Earth and find a new planet to inhabit because it would be very difficult to find one as perfect as Earth. Bibliography:
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