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Example research essay topic: Juvenile Justice System Boot Camps - 1,029 words

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... rapidly since 1985 to present. One of the first programs that started in Georgia obtained only 50 beds. Early growth in the use of this alternative was slow, by January 1987 only four boot camp programs existed. However, boot camps began to multiply later the same year. A recent survey done in 1993 counted 52 programs in 32 states, with more then 1, 000 beds in Georgia and New York.

While three more states were seriously considering implementation (Bourque National, 8). On of the major driving forces contributing to boot camps expanding has been the significant level of political interest in establishing them, ranging from the local politician to the highest levels of Federal Government. The Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994, for instance, allocated $ 24. 5 million in competitive funds for boot camp construction and operation (Parent 1). Most of the juvenile boot camps are located on existing or closed military installations that are chosen by agencies in one or more states.

Then it is consulted with the secretary of defense and if they agree that the site is appropriate then they administrate the program (website). Each boot camp has slightly different procedures when it comes to running the program, but they all have the same purpose. All the sites start with a 90 day residential program daily, starting at 5: 30 or 6: 00 am and not ending until 9 or 10 pm, that put juveniles through a forceful workout of military drills, physical conditioning and disciplining them. The sites also include educational skills, counseling, and substance abuse education, and other health and mental health problems (Bourque b. c. j.

o. , 5). Not all programs offer all the components, but overtime, as boot camps continue to grow, they change. The very first programs emphasis firm military training, physical training, and hard labor. Even though, these components are still very popular in every program, many boot camps are starting to concentrate and increase the time they give to treatment and education (Zachariah 23). By using all these techniques and procedures, the programs try and help the juvenile straighten up. Boot camps used the military model to teach the juveniles socially acceptable behavior while concentrating on the consequences of deviance (Bourque b.

c. 5). Using the military model and physical training also teaches the youthful offender discipline. The camps design classrooms where they teach educational subjects to the offenders. This helps the offender, because he / she most likely hardly ever attended school or missed a lot of days of school.

The classrooms are also there to provide counseling to the juveniles so they can figure out why they are deviant and try and change their behavior. The program also builds strong morals and valves. Having these ethics helps the juvenile to think twice about committing an act of delinquency. The juvenile might think about their family and how it will hurt them or even think about what committing the crime would do or how it will affect themselves. Boot camps are designed to make the individual stronger and make them realize that they do not rule the world.

Some people say that boot camps are not helping the juvenile but instead are abusing them. In December of 1999, CNN reported that a 15 -year-old boy was abused and assaulted while attending a Maryland boot camp for one day. He had accused the military guard of breaking his wrist. This has brought about similar reports of abuse at this particular Maryland Boot Camp.

Lt. Gov. Kathleen Kennedy Townsend, whose responsibilities include oversight of the juvenile justice system, said that an investigation is underway and if convicted, guards will be fired (CNN). Marks explains how officials across the country are re-examining their "get-tough" policies against juvenile offenders (Marks, 1). Another example why people say that boot camps are abusing the offenders is that in South Dakota a 14 -year-old girl died from dehydration during a long distance run. Critics say boot camps have been rife with the potential for abuse right from the start.

They say the reevaluation is long overdue and hope currently scrutiny signals a swing toward more therapeutic approaches that focus on drug treatment, education, and vocational training (Marks, 1). Boot camps have been a way to treat the juveniles but there are plenty of other alternatives too. There are correctional institutions that are both long term and short term. One of them is a long-term institution called training school or reform school. The first training school opened in 1846 in Massachusetts.

In most states, the state government runs training schools. This program has very high security with fences. The reason training schools are long term, meaning an average length of nine months, is to harden youths away from delinquency and toward abiding by the law (coffey, 196). Sending a juvenile away to training school is to treat them by increasing severity of behavioral problems. Halfway houses are another form of a correctional facility.

They are usually a residential center in which the juvenile resides. Halfway house means that it is halfway between a correctional institution and parole (coffey 201). This program usually lasts for about six months and it combines education, counseling, and Guided Group Interaction for the juvenile and their parents. Youths who are involved with the Juvenile Justice System require an individualized approach that takes their strengths and needs into account. All programs should be family centered, including the family in all decision making about a child. Boot camps are thought to fulfill a variety of important goals for both offenders and correctional agencies, but the most important goal is rehabilitation, and there appears to be considerable agreement concerning this goal among system-level officials, facility administrators, and drug treatment and education supervisors.

There is also recent growing evidence that boot camps, as alternatives to incarceration, can constitute an effective cost saving approach to dealing with offenders, but they must be carefully developed and managed. The demonstration's aftercare programs need to be rethought and possibly restructured. The transition from boot camp to aftercare should be less abrupt, building on the structure, discipline, and experiences of the residential stage. Bibliography:


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