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Example research essay topic: Physical Exercise Lead Poisoning - 1,253 words

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... t provides information on how the brain is actually functioning rather than the structure of the brain. Blood and urine analysis can be used to discover metabolic disorders and determine if there is any disease that is affecting the childs behavior. Blood lead level is another test because lead poisoning can have the same effects as autism and theoretically lead to autism. Lead poisoning can be treated, but the effects are not always reversible. Lastly, chromosome analysis can be done to rule out genetic disorders.

These tests will not give proof that the child is autistic, but will rule out any other diseases or disorders that could possibly be causing the symptoms Autistic people can be helped and some people have fought through it, breaking free of the disorder (Williams). There are numerous treatments available to relieve the symptoms and some that try to help the individual work normally despite their disability. Sensory integration, music therapy, auditory integration, neurological reorganization, physical exercise, nutritional intervention, and drugs can be used to treat autistic people. These are not the only treatments but only a few. Like the disorder itself, there are many treatments and all have to be tailored to each individual that is treated.

The first technique is sensory integration which helps the individual properly understand the information they are receiving from their senses. To do this, a therapist guides the patient through activities and challenges the patient to use their mind and think and properly use their senses to understand what is happening to make a successful, organized response (autism zone, treatment: sensory integration). Then there is music therapy which uses music to get the child interested and learn language. Some autistic children have tremendous musical potential and most are sensitive to music due to its non-threatening nature and non-verbal aspects of it. The therapist can play notes and the child will sing along. Eventually different sounds can be introduced and then words.

Using repetitive simple songs and showing the object or actions, the child can learn speech and the meaning of the words they are saying (Autism zone, treatment: Music therapy). The next treatment is auditory integration. What this does is plays music at random modulations to help the patient less sensitive to particular sound frequencies. Basically the pitch of the tone is randomly changed to create music.

The music is played at a moderately high volume at 85 dBA which is equivalent to as loud as standing 5 feet from a vacuum cleaner. An audio gram is taken before each session to determine the frequencies that the patient is sensitive to so those can be dampened when played. This treatment helps the autistic child coupe with loud and unusual noises. Some people argue that the treatment is only causing the patient to have hearing damage, but the hearing has actually been found to improve in tests done by clinics who perform this treatment.

This improvement may only be caused by the familiarity with the test and the doctor (Autism zone, treatment: Auditory integration). The next treatment is neurological reorganization which actually makes the brain change and reorder itself and establish correct associations. They use the reflex patterns encoded in the central nervous system to make the brain make the proper connections. This process establishes the appropriate neurological function and frees the individual to become incorporated into the world and society as a normal human being (Autism zone, treatment: neurological reorganization). Believe it or not, physical exercise does play a part in helping to reduce stereotypic behavior, hyperactivity, aggression, self-injury, and destructiveness. Mild exercise usually has little effect, but a vigorous workout (20 minute or longer aerobic workout, 3 or 4 days a week) does a lot.

Exercise not only helps autistic people physically but also mentally. It helps the child learn better by reducing stereotypic behavior and increasing attention span (Autism zone, treatment: Physical exercise). There is also nutritional intervention which is also under estimated in effectiveness. Antioxidants, such as vitamin E, coenzyme Q 10, and vitamin C help increase oxygen utilization in the brain and may be beneficial in autistic children. There also seems to be a malabsorption problem that involves an increased permeability of the intestines. Therefore, proteins that typically pass through the intestines without being absorbed tend to get absorbed in the intestines of autistic children.

This can cause problems when the proteins break down to metabolites in the blood as well as increasing the incidence of food reactions (food sensitivity and food allergy). For example, casein in milk can break down to caso morphine in the blood, which can act like a narcotic. It is thought that some of the behavioral abnormalities in autistic children result from the effects of the casein metabolites. Gluten is another potential culprit and thus many autistic children are placed on casein-free and gluten-free diets, and many improve. Urinary peptide tests now can be used to detect these metabolites and determine which children should most appropriately be placed on restrictive diets. On those diets, the children often improve and become more coherent and in tune with the world around them (Autism zone, treatment: Nutritional Intervention).

The last treatment is the use of drugs. Drugs can be used to alter the behavior of anyone and that includes the autistic. The only problem is that with an autistic person, sometimes the drug can have adverse affects that were unknown prior to the administering of it. Severe, irreversible damage may be the result, or the drug may do exactly what it was supposed to or nothing at all.

Most of the time drugs can be effective, but they will not cure autism. They are only a temporary fix for the problem. Autistic people can become productive members of society, but they will always need a form of supervision all their lives. With help, autistic adults can successfully work in the competitive job market or in work groups. They can live semi-independently in a group home or supervised apartments. It is possible to work through autism and become semi-normal again.

Nobody Nowhere and Somebody Somewhere are the autobiographies of Donna Williams. She was born autistic and now she is a college graduate and a writer (Williams ix). Another story of an autistic person beating the odds is that of Ian Drummond. He was unable to speak, but with the proper help he eventually learned (Martin). Autism is a complex and still relatively unknown disorder. There is still much to be learned and much research is going on now.

Autism is like no other disorder or disease because of the wide range of symptoms and the unknown cause. Autism is similar to other diseases like schizophrenia, but still remains distinctly different. Autistic people are not idiots or hermits, they have a problem that is beyond their control. They do not choose to be that way, that is just how they are. Everyone has their own ideas of how to treat it and what causes it, but at this point only God knows what really happens and why. Bibliography: Works Cited Dalldorf, Joanna S.

Medical Aspects of Autism web (November 1997) Martin, Russell. Out of Silence: A Journey into Language. New York: Henry Holt and Company, Inc. , 1994. PHI Autism Home Page web (1997) Price, Joseph and Pat Palmer. Psychiatric Disorder and the Broad Autism Phenotype: Evidence from a Family Study of Multiple-Incidence Autism Families. The American Journal of Psychiatry 156. 4 (April 1999): 557 - 567 Williams, Danna.

Nobody Nowhere. New York: Time Books, 1996


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Research essay sample on Physical Exercise Lead Poisoning

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