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Petri Dishes Bacteria Cells
1,566 wordsIn this lab we observed the growth of bacteria in a conjugation and transformation experiment. We expected the mating plate of the conjunction to grow and the bacteria on the transformation plates to grow also. We also practiced using aseptic techniques to clean the lab benches and to keep the bacteria from being contaminated from outside bacteria. This lab will take a total of 2 days because of the observations that need to be made. The parts of this paper will explain the procedure and the obs...
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Biology Lab Report Genetic Exchange In Prokaryotes
679 wordsThis lab deals with the process of genetic exchange in prokaryotes. There are three main mechanisms of genetic exchange which include transformation, transduction, and conjugation. In transformation, DNA is released from cells in the surrounding environment which is then incorporated into the recipient cells DNA. In transduction, DNA is transferred through a virus to the recipient. In conjugation, genetic exchange occurs through direct contact with another cell and the plasmid is transferred fro...
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Dna Gel Electrophoresis Research
1,724 wordsThe main objective of this lab was to identify unknown plasmids by observation of their genotype and phenotype. We observed the plasmids phenotype by using it to transform bacteria. When the plasmid is in a bacterial host the antibiotic resistance gene can be expressed and impart resistance to the host. We also analyzed the genotype of the unknown plasmid by performing a variety of molecular genetic techniques such as predigestion, electrophoresis in arose gel, staining with ethidium bromide, an...
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Dna Gel Electrophoresis Research
1,848 words... ting smaller fragments that travel longer distances than the single cut or uncut, during electrophoresis. Which in turn proves that segment sizes are proportional to distance migrated. On a standard curve, the distance migrated is used in order to extrapolate the size of the DNA (base pairs). For an undigested or uncut p KAN plasmid it is expected that one fragment will be shown, unless the plasmid has been nicked and then will therefore show three. The size of this fragment should be close ...
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Mechanisms Of Genetic Exchange Transformation And Conjugation
1,530 wordsIntroduction Genetic exchange had been known to play a role in the evolution and survival of microorganisms. Genes of one bacterium can be exchanged to another through several different ways: conjugation, transformation and transduction. However, the focus of this paper is to further examine the characteristics of conjugation and transformation mechanisms. Transformation was first discovered in 1928 by Frederick Griffith while he was studying pneumococcal infection in mice. 1 In 1944, Avery, Mac...
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Cloning Of Animals Enucleated Egg
967 wordsWhat is a Clone? A clone is a group of genetically identical cells. For example, tumors are clones of cells inside an organism because they consist of many replicas of one mutated cell. Another type of clone occurs inside a cell. Such a clone is made up of groups of identical structures that contain genetic material, such as mitochondria and chloroplasts. Some of these structures, called plasmids, are found in some bacteria and yeasts. Techniques of genetic engineering enable scientists to combi...
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Genetically Engineered Restriction Enzymes
2,958 wordsGenetic Engineering Discuss the applications and techniques involved in genetic engineering. Consider the advantages and disadvantages of this approach. Genetic engineering is an umbrella term that can cover a wide range of ways of changing the genetic material the DNA code in a living organism. This code contains all the information, stored in a long chain chemical molecule, which determines the nature of the organism. Apart from identical twins, genetic make-up is unique to each individual. In...
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Restriction Enzymes Protein Synthesis
1,277 wordsGenetic Engineering Of Cotton For Insect Resistance Genetic Engineering Of Cotton For Insect Resistance GENETIC ENGINEERING OF COTTON FOR INSECT RESISTANCE The DNA code mostly contains instructions for protein synthesis. The code is read in groups of three nucleotides and each triplet of nucleotides codes for one of the twenty amino acids which link together in a polypeptide chain to form a protein. The code is universal, so the same code applies in nearly all living organisms. Some triplets hav...
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Recombinant Dna Genetic Engineering
1,017 words. Genetic engineering involves the alteration of an organisms hereditary material in order to eliminate undesirable characteristics or to produce plants with more desirable characteristics. The splicing of genes takes place in order to combine traits that would be unlikely to occur together under ordinary circumstances. Practices that go back centuries, such as the use of microbes to make wine and cheese and the selective breeding of livestock and crops, are example of biotechnology. (Campbell, ...
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Cystic Fibrosis Genetically Altered
1,400 wordsGenetic scientists have been busy creating all kinds of solutions to some of the problems that the human and agricultural populations have been experiencing. One of the most promising has been in the area of transplantation. That is how Dolly the sheep, came about. Scientists have been trying to find a way to genetically engineer animals so that they can produce organs for humans that will not be rejected. Insulin from pigs has helped diabetics, pig valves can be used in cardiac repair, and pig ...
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Cystic Fibrosis Genetically Engineered
1,365 wordsGene therapy by gene supplementation in somatic cells may help those suffering from genetic conditions such as cystic fibrosis. Although a mutant gene occurs in all cells of the body only those tissues particularly affected (where the gene is switched on) by the mutant gene would be targeted for therapy, i. e. the lungs of a cystic fibrosis sufferer, blood cells in the bone marrow in &solid; thalassemia and the muscles in Duchemme muscular dystrophy. As cells eventually die, so do the tissues be...
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Plant Cells Genetic Material
329 wordsMethods for Genetically Engineering a Plant Two very different techniques exist for giving a plant new genetic characteristics. But both share several steps. Step 1: The DNA that encodes the genetic information for the desirable trait must be isolated. At step 2, the different techniques diverge into an a path and a b path: In Step 2 a, the new DNA is linked to a circular ring of genetic material called a transfer plasmid. Plasmids act like molecular taxicabs that carry genes from one place to a...
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Degrees Celsius P Amp
815 wordsTitle: Colony Transformation Lab Purpose: To study the behavior of Escherichia coli once it has been introduced to a foreign gene. Hypothesis: If the ampicillin resistant DNA is introduced into the E. coli bacteria, through the uptake of this DNA the bacteria will receive the resistant gene that will permit the bacteria to grow freely in the presence of ampicillin. Experimental Design: By observing the E. coli bacteria one can study how it reacts when a foreign gene such as the ampicillin resist...
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