NOTE: Free essay sample provided on this page should be used for references or sample purposes only. The sample essay is available to anyone, so any direct quoting without mentioning the source will be considered plagiarism by schools, colleges and universities that use plagiarism detection software. To get a completely brand-new, plagiarism-free essay, please use our essay writing service.
One click instant price quote
... about 430 Mmcf / d at approximately $ 1. 25 /million Btu. Amoco operates three fields and the 800 -Mmcf / d Santa processing facility in conjunction with the A project to pipe gas from the offshore Khuff field to Dubai and the Taweelah industrial complex was abandoned in May 1999. Instead, Dubai will be connected to the main Abu Dhabi gas receiving station by a pipeline. The UAE's soaring demand for electric power, coupled with volatile swings in peak loads, led the Emirates in 1997 to form a Privatization Committee for the Water and Electricity Sector. In early 1998, the committee called for a comprehensive restructuring, including the elimination of the state-owned Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Department (ADWED) in favor of sweeping privatization.
ADWED will be transformed into a regulatory body, the Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA). The government plans to take a majority holding in the new ventures with minority interests held by foreign firms. Gradually, the government will privatize its shares through initial public offerings (IPOs), allowing UAE nationals to become shareholders. TotalFinaElf and Tractebel were awarded a contract by ADWEA in August 2000 for an upgrade to the Taweelah A- 1 plant, which will also give a 20 % ownership stake to each of the foreign partners, with the rest remaining with ADWEA.
The upgrade will bring the capacity of the plant to 1, 350 megawatts (MW). Another step in the reorganization is the expansion of the Taweelah cogeneration facility. The expansion, known as Taweelah A- 2, is the UAE's first independent water and power project (IWPP), and reached financial close in April 1999. It is the second independent power project in the Gulf after Oman's al-Many facility. With a price tag of some $ 800 million, the expansion is to add about 763 megawatts (MW) of power and 50 million gallons of desalinated water to the UAE's supplies. The first 370 -MW came online in July 2000.
The rest of the project is scheduled for completion by August 2001. The Taweelah A- 2 project is to be run by Emirates CMS Power, a joint venture between CMS Energy (40 % ownership interest) and the newly-formed Emirates Power Company (EPC) (60 %). The al-Taweelah Power Company will manage the Taweelah B facility. The plant, which currently has six 122 -MW steam turbines and six 13 million gallon-per-day (g / d ) multi-stage flash units, is now undergoing a $ 360 million expansion. The addition of two new gas-turbine units will bring the plant's capacity to 1, 220 MW and 103 million g / d of water. The Umm al-Nar Power Company will operate the plant by the same name with a 1, 215 -MW, 97 -million-g / d facility, which will be upgraded with two new 3. 5 million g / d desalination units.
The new units will run on steam already available at the site. The company will also operate the 120 -MW Baniyas station. The Abu Dhabi Water and Electricity Authority (ADWEA) currently is soliciting bids, due in January 2001, for the Shuweihat IPP project. The first phase of the project would have a capacity of 1, 500 MW, with later additions possibly bringing capacity to 5, 000 MW by 2009. The UAE also is taking part in a $ 1 billion plan to build a regional power grid throughout the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). The first phase of the plan would link Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain and Qatar; the UAE and Oman would join the grid in the second phase of the plan.
GCC electricity ministers signed a final agreement on the project in June 1999. The plan is based on the assumption that each country will have its own unified power grid, and the UAE is doing its part by connecting all the power stations along its western coast with the central region. Proven Oil Reserves (1 / 1 / 00 E): 97. 8 billion barrels Crude Oil Production (3 rd Quarter of 2000 E): 2. 27 million bbl / d OPEC Crude Oil Production Quota (10 / 1 / 00): 2. 29 million bbl / d (for whole UAE) Oil Consumption (2000 E): 321, 000 bbl / d Net Oil Exports (2000 E): 2. 0 million bbl / d Major Crude Oil Customers (2000 E): Japan (60 %), other Far East (20 %) Crude Oil Refining Capacity (1 / 1 / 00 E): 428, 500 bbl / d Natural Gas Reserves (1 / 1 / 00 E): 212 trillion cubic feet (Tcf) Natural Gas Production (1998 E): 1. 31 Tcf Natural Gas Consumption (1998 E): 1. 07 Tcf Natural Gas Exports (1998 E): 0. 25 Tcf Natural Gas Imports (1998 E): 0. 02 Tcf Electric Generation Capacity (1 / 1 / 98 E): 5. 5 gigawatts Electricity Production (1998 E): 20. 1 billion kilowatt hours Total Energy Consumption (1998 E): 1. 8 quadrillion Btu (0. 5 % of world total energy consumption) Energy-Related Carbon Emissions (1998 E): 31. 3 million metric tons of carbon (0. 5 % of world carbon emissions) Per Capita Energy Consumption (1998 E): 670. 3 million Btu (vs. U. S. value of 350. 7 million Btu) Per Capita Carbon Emissions (1998 E): 11. 5 metric tons of carbon (vs.
U. S. value of 5. 5 metric tons of carbon) Energy Intensity (1998 E): 46, 300 Btu/ $ 1990 (vs U. S. value of 13, 400 Btu/ $ 1990) Carbon Intensity (1998 E): 0. 8 metric tons of carbon / thousand $ 1990 (vs U. S.
value of 0. 21 metric tons / thousand $ 1990) Sectoral Share of Energy Consumption (1997 E): Transportation (50. 4 %), Industrial (48. 5 %), Residential (1. 1 %) Sectoral Share of Carbon Emissions (1997 E): Industrial (63. 6 %), Transportation (34. 5 %), Residential (1. 9 %) Fuel Share of Energy Consumption (1998 E): Oil (38. 4 %), Natural Gas (61. 6 %) Fuel Share of Carbon Emissions (1998 E): Natural Gas (54. 0 %), Oil (46. 0 %) Renewable Energy Consumption (1997 E): 0. 71 trillion Btu (3 % decrease from 1996) Number of People per Motor Vehicle (1997): 9. 7 (vs. U. S. value of 1. 3) Status in Climate Change Negotiations: Non-Annex I country under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (ratified December 29 th, 1995).
Not a signatory to the Kyoto Protocol Major Environmental Issues: Lack of natural freshwater resources being overcome by desalination plants; desertification; beach pollution from oil spills Major International Environmental Agreements: A party to Conventions on Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping and Ozone Layer Protection. Has signed, but not ratified, Biodiversity and Law of the Sea The total energy consumption statistic includes petroleum, dry natural gas, coal, net hydro, nuclear, geothermal, solar and wind electric power. The renewable energy consumption statistic is based on International Energy Agency (IEA) data and includes hydropower, solar, wind, tide, geothermal, solid biomass and animal products, biomass gas and liquids, industrial and municipal wastes. Sectoral shares of energy consumption and carbon emissions are also based on IEA data. GDP based on EIA International Energy Annual 1998 Organizations: Abu Dhabi National Oil Company (ADNOC); Operates three main oil and gas operating companies, five Service companies, three joint ventures to fully utilize the produced gas, two maritime transport companies for crude oil, refined product and LNG and one refined product distribution company. Major Refineries: Ruwais (145, 000 bbl / d ), Emirates National Oil Company (ENOC) - Dubai (120, 000), Umm al-Nar (88, 500 bbl / d ), Metro Oil (Fujairah) (75, 000 bbl / d ) Major Gas Processing Plants: Bab, Bu Hasa, Das Island, Habshan (2), Jebel Ali, Ruwais Major Oil Fields: Abu Dhabi: 'As, Bab, Bu Hasa, Al-Zakum Dubai: Fall, Fateh, Southwest Fateh, Martha, Rashid Sharjah: Mubarak (near Abu Musa Island) Major Associated Gas Fields: Abu Dhabi: Abu al-Bukhush, Bab, Bu Hasa, Umm Said, Zakum Ports: Abu Dhabi: Das Island, Delta Island, Jebel as Deanna, Ruwais, Abu al Bukhush, Al Mubarraz, Zirku Island, Port Zayed, Umm al Nar Dubai: Jebel Ali, Fateh, web web web web Bibliography: Sources: web web web web
Free research essays on topics related to: energy consumption, carbon emissions, natural gas, metric tons, crude oil
Research essay sample on Metric Tons Carbon Emissions
