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Example research essay topic: Opium Wars Opium Trade - 559 words

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The Opium War was a display of how the greed of one country can destroy the very lives of millions of people in another country. Britain would be categorized as the greedy nation and China the victim. Even though Britain was the main aggressor in this war, there were also other nations involved in the degrading of China s culture, they were France, Russia, and even America. All of these countries took advantage of the addiction China s people had to opium by sending chests of opium with about 150 pounds of it in each barrel to china and selling it overpriced.

In fact Britain sent 2, 330 chests of opium in 1788, then 4, 968 in 1810, then increased that to 17, 257 chests of opium in 1835, which was worth millions of British pounds! Opium was first manufactured in China for medicinal purposes in the end of the 15 th century. It was used to treat many diseases like dysentery, and cholera. But in the 18 th century, the Chinese found that Opium was addicting and people started smoking it.

In 1729 the Chinese imperial government prohibited the sale of opium mixed with tobacco and banned opium-smoking houses. The government also made selling opium for smoking a crime and the punishment was either banishment or death. Britain, however, seeing a great demand for opium in China quickly took advantage of the situation. While China was doing everything it could to stop the opium trade, Britain was doing everything it could do increase it. Britain sent gunships and warships to protect the transports carrying the opium.

The first war started when China confiscated an opium warehouse in Canton in 1839. Britain responded by send a fleet of warships and winning a quick victory in the February of 1840. The conflict was settled with the treaty of Nanking on August 29, 1842 and another treaty, which was signed on October 8, 1843. With both of these treaties signed, China was forced to pay a large reimbursement, open five ports to British trade and residence, and give Hong Kong to Britain. This however, was not enough to satisfy Britain s greed, so when Canton police boarded a British ship and accused the crew for smuggling; Britain used this accusation as an excuse to set another offensive, which led to the second opium war. The French aided Britain this time and the British won the war in 1857.

The Treaty of Tianjin was signed in 1858 but the Chinese were reluctant to sign so Britain occupied Beijing and burned the city. After this the Chinese quickly signed the treaty, which opened even more ports, let anyone travel to China and live there, and also legalized opium. As you can see, Britain took major advantage of China even though it was outnumbered. Britain had greater technology and experience in wars than China, which is the reason China had lost so much dignity in this war which was fueled by the greed of Britain and every other country that participated in the opium trade. Bibliographies 1. Chesneaux, Jean.

China from the Opium Wars to the 1911 Revolution. Pantheon Books. New York. 1976, pgs 3 - 64. 2. Encarta 95. Opium Wars. Microsoft.

Seattle, 1995. 3. Williams, S. Wells. A History of China. Charles Scribner s Sons.

New York. 1897, pgs. 162 - 287.


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Research essay sample on Opium Wars Opium Trade

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