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Example research essay topic: British Medical Association British Medical Journal - 1,286 words

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Schizophrenia is a type of brain disorder that affects people of all races, age and economic standings. Schizophrenia causes personality disorders among social skills, and basic life skills. In the 1800 s a person named Emil Kraepelin had concluded after 1, 000 patients that a state of dementia was an onset after the illness started. Some doctors and even people may believe that schizophrenia can result from prenatal problems. Certain events during pregnancy may disrupt brain growth (Bower, B.

Prenatal problems linked to Schizophrenia Science News. July 1, 2000. Science Service Inc. 2000). When the fetus is deprived of oxygen at periods of time and / or there is an respiratory infection during the second trimester these are strongly associated with schizophrenia. The strangest thing that I read about this disease is that if a woman is obese before pregnancy there is a risk of schizophrenia in her child. Early symptoms of this disease are delusions, hallucinations, thought disorder and irrational ideas.

Schizophrenic episodes usually occur in the later teen years or early 20 s. Unfortunately this illness can be undetected for 2 - 3 years. More symptoms are cognitive problems, neurotic features, antisocial behavior, lack of motivation and substance abuse. (Frangou, Sophia; Bryne Patrick. How to manage the first episode of schizophrenia: early diagnosis and treatment may prevent social disability British Medical Journal. September 2, 2000. British Medical Association. 2000) There are three types of schizophrenia to this date.

They are Paranoid, Hebephrenic and Catatonic Schizophrenia. Paranoid Schizophrenics are usually people who remain untreated or unresponsive to the medication that they are taking. Some symptoms to look for in the illness are major social or occupational dysfunctions, drug abuse, no emotion and paranoia. These types of people are coherent but they often feel anxiety, anger and nervousness.

Hebephrenic Schizophrenia is construed to be a thought disorder. The person that is hebephrenic may sit in a certain position even if it is uncomfortable for long periods at a time. Catatonic is another type of Schizophrenia. It is characterized as psychomotor active and having a variety of catatonic symptoms. Some peoples bodies become waxy, flexible and others sadly become immobile. This type of schizophrenia may cause a negative outlook, and make people imitate sounds (echolalia) or movements (echopraxia).

There is a good possibility of working even though someone has this disease. Some studies have shown that people with this mental illness fare better if they work. Many people become very successful in their jobs even though they are schizophrenics. it is said that some people need to work to rehabilitate themselves. A job or volunteer work gives self-esteem, brings the person back to the community and not only does it fill time but it keeps people off them street. Many people diagnosed with schizophrenia are in school.

For instance, John Nash is a Nobel Peace Prize winner in 1994 for Mathematics and has lived with schizophrenia for 30 years. People are able to go to school and have great outcomes like John Nash. Schizophrenia does not just affect young adults and children. One percent of elderly people are diagnosed with Schizophrenia. Most of the elderly patients will be diagnosed and well into the disease by there late forties.

Most symptoms are the same except they are more susceptible for feeling apathy and social withdrawal. In most studies with older people they are usually sent to a hospital, nursing homes or residential houses. Unfortunately, some older people become bed ridden or suffer from significant disabilities. When older people suffer from this disease, they need to be tended to more so they still fell needed and loved.

Unfortunately, people diagnosed with schizophrenia are substance and drug abusers. About 50 % of people with Schizophrenia also have a history of substance abuse or dependence, including alcoholism- a rate three times higher than average (Green, Alan, I. M. D. What is the Relationship between Schizophrenia and Substance abuse? Harvard Mental Health Letter.

October 2000, Harvard Health Publications Group 2000). The most commonly used drugs are alcohol, marijuana, and cocaine. Schizophrenia patients who abuse these drugs relapse into psychosis, require hospitalization, neglect psychosis medicine, commit acts of violence and are considered to be suicidal. Generally, people with substance abuse problems are trying to block out the neurological side affects to the anti-psychotic drugs, which make coordinated movements difficult (Green, Alan I.

MD). Another reason that people abuse drugs and alcohol is that they think of this as a medicine. To them this is a cure for all the negative things in their lives such as: lack of self-motivation and inability to experience pleasure. There are many types of treatments for schizophrenic patients. Some treatments involve therapy and some types are a certain type of drug. One type of treatment is called family psycho education.

In this type of treatment the family creates a safe living environment for the patient. It brings them into their home an accommodates to their needs and gives them opportunity to still take part in their activities that they can do. Another type of help is behavioral therapy. At first this was used as an interaction type of therapy were there was a lot of voice and eye contact.

Now that times have changed, it is used now to do role modeling and trying to get positive feedback. These forms of therapy have caused relapse among certain patients. This new therapy is called cognitive therapy and it focuses on delusions and hallucinations. This encourages the patients to look into their beliefs and experiences. Drug treatment is another effective way of managing acute psychosis. Clozapine is more effective than a traditional antipsychotic and should be offered to the patients who have not responded to previous drugs.

There is a new antipsychotic drug that people can take but there are definitely side affects. Some patients have a reduction in their positive symptoms, 30 % of patients do not to psycho-pharmacology, negative symptoms are even less responsive. Also, your body may distress itself and the body will become results in the legs and body. (British Medical Associations 2000) On the other hand these new drugs called atypical anti-psychotic are effective in treating positive symptoms. From recent trials in this medication has had a reduction in relapse. Schizophrenia is a difficult disease to live and deal with from time to time.

On a families point of view I believe that they family has to be committed to the person and have an understanding of what they are going through. If they can not support them emotionally I think that the patient should be in another place. Out of what I have read I believe that not everyone has a very sever case but just because they are not sever does not mean it should be ignored. To the average eye not everyone may not understand and I can truthfully say that I don t completely understand this illness but what it takes is patience and understanding. Everyone deserves a chance to survive and if someone can bring light to someone let it be.

Work Cited Bower, B. Prenatal problems linked to Schizophrenia Science News. July 1, 2000. Science Service Inc. Ferrara-Rodriguez, Silvia &# 038; Vassilas, Christopher A. (Eds. ) (1998) Older people with Schizophrenia: providing services for a neglected group: It s the quality of their environment that matters, not where it is. UK: British Medical Association Frangou, Sophia; Bryne Patrick.

How to manage the first episode of schizophrenia: early diagnosis and treatment may prevent social disability British Medical Journal. September 2, 2000. British Medical Association. 2000 Green, Alan, I. M. D. What is the Relationship between Schizophrenia and Substance abuse?

Harvard Mental Health Letter. October 2000, Harvard Health Publications Group 2000


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Research essay sample on British Medical Association British Medical Journal

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