NOTE: Free essay sample provided on this page should be used for references or sample purposes only. The sample essay is available to anyone, so any direct quoting without mentioning the source will be considered plagiarism by schools, colleges and universities that use plagiarism detection software. To get a completely brand-new, plagiarism-free essay, please use our essay writing service.
One click instant price quote
A strong relationship has been established between negative events and circumstances during childhood and the development of drug use and drug-related problems in adolescence and young adulthood. Individuals who report parental strife or separation as a child, physical and sexual abuse, parental drug abuse and depression, frequent family geographic relocation, and failure in school, also tend to report a high rate of experimentation with drugs, abusive consumption, and a range of psychological problems associated with heavy drug use. Life-events theorists assume that negative events and chronic strains operate as environmental stressors that have the potential to elevate levels of anxiety and depression (i. e. , negative effect). Individuals high in negative affect are, in turn, hypothesized to use drugs (particularly alcohol) as a means of self-medicating their strong social fears and depressive symptoms.
Current applications of the negative affect model may be problematic in situations where social anxiety, depression, and substance abuse are operational ized as DSM-diagnosed psychiatric disorders. Evidence has confirmed that, as defined by DSM, social phobia is antecedent to both major depression and substance dependence. Bibliography Adams, Barbara N. , R. N. , M. S. , Carol A. Brownstein, M.
S. W. , Ivy M. Rentals, R. N. , M. P.
H. , and Madeline H. Schmitt, R. N. , M. S. The Pregnant Adolescent- A Group Approach. Adolescence. 11 (1976): 467 - 483.
De Wit, David J. , Ph. D. , Kathryn MacDonald, M. D. , and David R. Offers, M. D. Childhood Stress and Symptoms of Drug Dependence in Adolescence and Early Adulthood: Social Phobia as a Mediator.
American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. 69 (1999): 61 - 70.
Free research essays on topics related to: social phobia, m s, r n, negative affect, n m
Research essay sample on Negative Affect Social Phobia
