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Example research essay topic: Peter The Great Wanted To Make - 2,278 words

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Peter the Great: The Creator of the Golden Age of Russia Peter the Great, one of the most talked about Czars in Russian history, was a key figure in the rise of the Russian Empire, with his brute determination, and his longing to create a fabulous city. No knowing, that by creating this grand city known as St. Petersburg, he would spawn the dawning of a new age of Russia, known as the Golden Age. Peter I, as he was otherwise known, founded a spot on the Neva River, and decided to build his city there.

This was his window to Europe, the city that would westernize his Russia. Even though he was still at war with the Swedes, he still wanted to sit up a camp and lay the foundations of his city. Over time he turned his dream into a reality on a majestic scale. Peter the Great turned St. Petersburg from a swampland invested with mesquites to a glorious city with his tireless efforts and innovative ideas.

Thus he turned a country that was behind the times, to a country that was advanced. Before Peter the Great took throne of Russia, it was under isolation due to many reasons. One important reason was that Russia was under rule by the Mongol Empire, this rule ended in 1480, when Russia became independent. Though, after these years, Russia still looked to the east because of the past. Other cultural factors led to the separation of Russia from Europe. This was the Russians use of a Cyrillic alphabet, rather than the Europeans Roman.

Secondly, Russia? s religion was Eastern Orthodox, while the west had Roman Catholic and Protestantism. Another problem was with their geography, the nation was landlocked. Sweden and Poland blocked Russian from getting any seaports and thus stopping Russia from trading with the west and advancing their culture. Peter got around this and changed Russia. Today, St.

Petersburg is a thriving city; its population is 5, 000, 000 people. Over the years of Communist rule, the city changed names, during the revolution the name was changed to Petrograd and Leningrad. After the fall of communism in 1991, it returned to St. Petersburg. The city was also the capital of Russia from 1712 to 1918, the beginning of the Communist revolution. Though, this city is not cultural up do the date of treads.

For example, some nightclubs are outdated with music of Duran Duran, and fashion of Power-dressing. The city is still trying to comeback from a Dark Age known as Communism. As a Czar, Peter went to Europe for many different reasons; one was to negotiate an alliance against the Turks. While touring these different European countries, he noticed how much better it was than his Asian grasped city.

He felt that it was very important to learn about the west, and their ways of thinking. He met many different individuals to learn about everything from Art to science. He was even working with Dutch East India Company to learn the art of shipbuilding. Peter than decided to remodel his army after the French, he would test this with the war with the Swedes. This war gave Peter land that could be a port. Peter the Great was born in 1672.

Other than his foundation of St. Petersburg, he reformed many institutions, which were once thought as untouchable. Peter the Great created a regular army and navy, he subjugated the church to the state and he also introduced new administrative and territorial diversions of the country. During the building of St Petersburg, he had a war with Charles XII of Sweden.

This war lasted from 1700 - 1721, The last year of the war, Peter I proclaimed himself, ? Emperor of all Russia, Great Father of the Fatherland. ? . The reason that he wanted to make a fresh start on a city was because he hated Moscow; he hated the old style of Russia. He disliked the culture that was to them by their old ties with the east. He wanted to build a new city, which would be a window to Europe. The first building that was a fortress of Peter and Paul, which was build on an island where the river was the widest.

St. Petersburg is divided into three sections, south, east and north. With a face toward Europe, Peter the Great wanted to outstrip Paris and Vienna and bring his Russia into the 18 th century world of competitive nations. Peter, at first, had no intention to build his city, much less the capital of his country on the Neva River. At first, he had just wanted to build a fort, to hold on to this area in the war with the Swedes. It has long been believed that if he had captured Riga first, then St.

Petersburg would just have been a small fort city on the Neva. Riga, was a flourishing port, and a center of trade for Russia before they founded St. Petersburg. Riga was also free of ice six weeks longer than St. Petersburg was; the only problem was that Peter did not capture Riga until 1710, years after the building of St.

Petersburg was begun. So it seems as if St. Petersburg was just luck, even so, Peter the Great, wanted to make it on a grand scale, with giant buildings that can be seen from afar As a young child, he was too young to assume the throne as king, so he traveled around the Europe, and also build boats as a young child. Peter had dreams of the sea, and that is a major reason he stayed on the banks of the Neva to create his city. Though the war with the Swedes was continuing, Peter seized the moment and started to build the city. The first digging began on May 16, 1703, the day of the foundation of St.

Petersburg. Most of the Russian workers were working with little or no tools and supervised by the czars closest friends, whom the six bastions of the fortress were named after. Just outside of the fortress was a dank, small, one-story log cabin that was built by army carpenters between May 24 and May 26, 1703. This small cabin was to be Peter the Great? s house during the building of his city. Peter was not a man who needed riches, but rather a man that not only wanted to make a name for himself, but more for his nation and it?

s people. During his great building of St. Petersburg, he had many more things on his mind. For one, was his on going Northern War with the King of Sweden.

Peter was a person fascinated by the military, and when he was a young boy he played solider with other young nobles. Though, Peter never believed that the Swedes would return to a port city they used to own and use as a port, he believed they would let it go to the Russians. In 1703, the very beginning of the building of the city, 4, 000 Swedes came to the delta and camped on the north bank of the Neva River. This was a change for Peter, and the Russians had to hold on the building of the city to force the Swedes out.

Peter personally led a group of 7, 000 Russians; they defeated the Swedes and forced them to retreat away from the city. While times had passed by, and still St. Petersburg was just a small fortress town, Peter the Great had a broader image of what the city would look like. Domenico Trezzini, who built a grand palace for the King of Denmark, came at the same time as Peter thought of a greater city than what he had envisioned before.

He signed a contract on April 1, 1703 to become the Czar? s master of building, construction and fortification. In 1713, Trezzini began construction of Peter and Paul Cathedral. Many other architects came, most from France and Italy.

The non-stop building of this city took a huge amount of human labor. To supply this manpower, Peter issued edicts every year, calling for all carpenters, stonecutters, masons and peasants to come and work in St. Petersburg and then stay to live after the completion. Many problems of this building were that many towns were being left in ruin because everyone was forced to go to St.

Petersburg. Many people protested, including some officials and noblemen, who were close to the Czar. The hardship was great; all the workers lived in overcrowded huts. In fact, many diseases were killing a large amount of the workers and also the nobles. Wages for work were not paid regularly, and desertion was something that occurred everyday. They say that almost an estimated 100, 000 people were killed during the building of this city.

Another problem that the city had to face was the need for materials and other things. The majority of the materials needed to build the city had to be imported from other cities in Russia, or from other countries. Over periods of times, including 1714, the building of St. Petersburg had to be delayed because of a shortage of rocks. To stop this problem from happening again, Peter the great made every cart, every carriage and every boat coming into the city bring a quota of stones along with its normal cargo. Also a number of men had to go to other parts of the country to get more wood to build the foundations of buildings.

Eventually the city took form, under the innovative eye of Peter the Great. The only problem was the after the completion of the city, many of the workers decided to return to their cities and their families, and the population of St. Petersburg was not very great. Peter forced the Czar family to move from Moscow to St. Petersburg. All of the nobles came and set up more houses that were beautiful in design.

The design was set in English style, because Peter wanted this city to look like a European one. After his family moved there, Saint Petersburg was named by Peter the Great capital of Russia in 1712. Which it retained until 1918, when the communist reform began. Peter the Great challenged the prolonged thought of this year, which is, ? Geography is destiny? , and he won. The area was a wasteland, it was a swampy area with mesquites and diseases could run through the city in the summer.

In the winter months, the river was also frozen, so travel by sea was impossible, and with the cold temperature, it seems as if travel by land was too. Though it was also an advantage because it gave Russia a city that was not landlocked, so they could trade with the rest of Europe and open the window to the west. Peter the Great challenged thinkers who believed that this city would never take form. Peter though, never agreed with these men, and he wanted to make a new outlook on Russia. He wanted his Russia to become a European power; he brought on the golden age of Russia. In which Western culture, commerce, and technology were brought into Russian society.

He challenged every part of the Russian culture and changed it to the better. Peter was a shrewd businessman, that his time in Russia was the right time. Every though he could have been see as a spiteful man he died on January 28, 1725 by catching a cold from saving man who were drowning in the cold water of the Neva. He was buried in the cathedral of St. Peter and St. Paul fortress in St.

Petersburg, The first building that was put up in his city. This is highly ironic because it was the city of his creation. Works Cited Central Navel Museum [Homepage of Russia? s St. Petersburg navel Museum], [Online]. (1998 May 5) Available: web (1999 January 5). I used this site to find general information about St.

Petersburg and Peter? s military ties. Encarta. Peter the Great. Ed.

Microsoft Corp. Seattle: Microsoft, 1996 I used this for general biography of Peter the Great. History Channel [homepage of the History Channel], [Online]. (1994 June 5) Available: web [ 1999 January 4 ] I used this site for information of St. Petersburg past and present, and information about Peter the Great. Klyuchevsky, Vasili. Peter the Great.

Ed. Liliana Archibald. Boston: Beacon Press, 1984. I used this for information about cost of building St. Petersburg and other information about the building of the city. Lonely Planet [Homepage of the Travel channel], [Online]. (1996 July 7) Available: web [ 1999 January 5 ] I used this for information about present day St.

Petersburg. Mail, Frank W. Great Lives from History. Ed. Frank W Mail. Pasadena: Salem Press, 1989.

I used this for more in depth biography of Peter the Great. Marshall, Dr. William. Peter the Great. Ed.

Joseph Kline. Chicago: Longman Press, 1996. I used this for information about the founding of St. Petersburg. Massie, Robert K.

Peter the Great: His Life and World. Ed. Vincent Danish. New York: Ballintine Books, 1992. I used this for information on his life, and for information of the founding of St. Petersburg.

Peoples, John M. History of the World: People and Nations. Ed. John M Peoples and Anatole Major. Austin: Harcourt Brace Jovanovic h Inc, 1993. I used this site for information about Russia before Peter the Great.

Treat, Henri. Peter the Great. Ed. John Porten. New York: Flammaron Press, 1979.

I used this for information about the building of St. Petersburg.


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Research essay sample on Peter The Great Wanted To Make

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